Question 1

What of the following is used to calculate lung compliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  P=(2ST) / r 
B)  Δ V/ Δ P 
C)  P1V1=P2V2 
D)  Δ P/ Δ V 
A)  P=(2ST) / r 
B)  Δ V/ Δ P 
C)  P1V1=P2V2 
D)  Δ P/ Δ V B

Question 2

What is the term for the volume of gas that is typically measured during exhalation of one quiet breath?

Accepted Answer

A)  expiratory reserve volume 
B)  minute volume 
C)  tidal volume 
D)  expiration 
A)  expiratory reserve volume 
B)  minute volume 
C)  tidal volume 
D)  expiration C

Question 3

Which law best explains the basic operation of the negative pressure ventilator?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles' 
B)  Boyle's 
C)  Hooke's 
D)  Dalton's 
A)  Charles' 
B)  Boyle's 
C)  Hooke's 
D)  Dalton's B

Question 4

What effect will increased Raw and increased CL have on the time constants in the affected lung regions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Time constants are unaffected by CL. but will require more time to inflate in the affected region due to the increased Raw 
B)  Both factors require less time for the affected lung region to inflate 
C)  Time constants are unaffected by Raw but will require less time to inflate due to the increased CL. 
D)  Both factors require more time for the affected region to inflate. 
A)  Time constants are unaffected by CL. but will require more time to inflate in the affected region due to the increased Raw 
B)  Both factors require less time for the affected lung region to inflate 
C)  Time constants are unaffected by Raw but will require less time to inflate due to the increased CL. 
D)  Both factors require more time for the affected region to inflate.

Question 5

In the upright lung, how does compliance vary across the lung?

Accepted Answer

A)  The compliance in the apices is lower than in the bases 
B)  The compliance is higher at the hilum than in the apices or bases. 
C)  The compliance in the bases is lower than in the apices 
D)  The compliance is uniform in all regions of the lung 
A)  The compliance in the apices is lower than in the bases 
B)  The compliance is higher at the hilum than in the apices or bases. 
C)  The compliance in the bases is lower than in the apices 
D)  The compliance is uniform in all regions of the lung

Question 6

How would the addition of a length of tubing between a ventilator and the endotracheal tube affect on dead space?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would have no effect on dead space 
B)  It would have no effect on dead space but would increase the tidal volume 
C)  It would decrease the dead space 
D)  It would increase the dead space 
A)  It would have no effect on dead space 
B)  It would have no effect on dead space but would increase the tidal volume 
C)  It would decrease the dead space 
D)  It would increase the dead space

Question 7

At what point in the ventilatory cycle would the intra-alveolar pressure be higher than the atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  pre-inspiration 
B)  inspiration 
C)  expiration 
D)  end-expiration 
A)  pre-inspiration 
B)  inspiration 
C)  expiration 
D)  end-expiration

Question 8

What is the term for a rapid respiratory rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpnea 
B)  hyperventilation 
C)  eupnea 
D)  tachypnea 
A)  hyperpnea 
B)  hyperventilation 
C)  eupnea 
D)  tachypnea

Question 9

If a patient who generates an intrapleural pressure of -4 mmHg to inhale 450 mL experiences inflammation and bronchospasm that reduce the radius of the bronchial airways to one-half of their original size, what pressure must the patient generate to inhale the same tidal volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  16 mm Hg 
B)  64 mm Hg 
C)  20 mm Hg 
D)  48 mm Hg 
A)  16 mm Hg 
B)  64 mm Hg 
C)  20 mm Hg 
D)  48 mm Hg

Question 10

Which abnormal breathing pattern is most commonly associated with ketoacidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cheyne Stokes 
B)  Hypopnea 
C)  Biot's 
D)  Kussmaul's 
A)  Cheyne Stokes 
B)  Hypopnea 
C)  Biot's 
D)  Kussmaul's

Question 11

At sea level, what would the alveolar pressure at end-expiration equal?

Accepted Answer

A)  760 mm Hg 
B)  0 mm Hg 
C)  764 mmHg 
D)  756 mm Hg 
A)  760 mm Hg 
B)  0 mm Hg 
C)  764 mmHg 
D)  756 mm Hg

Question 12

What is the approximate volume of anatomic dead space?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.2 mL/lb of ideal body weight 
B)  2.2 mL/kg actual body weight 
C)  1 mL/lb of ideal body weight 
D)  1 mL/kg of ideal body weight 
A)  2.2 mL/lb of ideal body weight 
B)  2.2 mL/kg actual body weight 
C)  1 mL/lb of ideal body weight 
D)  1 mL/kg of ideal body weight

Question 13

What would the minute alveolar ventilation equal if a 6 ft tall, 170 lb male has a VT of 550 mL and a respiratory rate of 11 breaths/min?

Accepted Answer

A)  550 - (170/2.2) x 11= 4.65 L. 
B)  550 - (170/2.2) x 11= 4.65 L 
C)  (550 + 170) x 11 = 7.9 L 
D)  550 + (170 x 11) = 1.87 L 
A)  550 - (170/2.2) x 11= 4.65 L. 
B)  550 - (170/2.2) x 11= 4.65 L 
C)  (550 + 170) x 11 = 7.9 L 
D)  550 + (170 x 11) = 1.87 L

Question 14

Reversible bronchospasm, airways inflammation, mucous plugging, and hyperinflation of the alveoli are characteristics of what pulmonary disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  cystic fibrosis 
B)  emphysema 
C)  flail chest 
D)  asthma 
A)  cystic fibrosis 
B)  emphysema 
C)  flail chest 
D)  asthma

Question 15

What term is defined as "the change in volume of the lungs divided by the change in transpulmonary pressure during the time required for one breath'?

Accepted Answer

A)  static compliance 
B)  time constant 
C)  airway resistance 
D)  dynamic compliance 
A)  static compliance 
B)  time constant 
C)  airway resistance 
D)  dynamic compliance

Question 16

What is the general term for the force required to move gas or fluid through a tube or vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)  transthoracic pressure 
B)  driving pressure 
C)  transpulmonary pressure 
D)  transmural pressure 
A)  transthoracic pressure 
B)  driving pressure 
C)  transpulmonary pressure 
D)  transmural pressure

Question 17

What is the term for the difference between the alveolar pressure and the pleural pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  transmural pressure 
B)  transthoracic pressure 
C)  transrespiratory pressure 
D)  transpulmonary pressure 
A)  transmural pressure 
B)  transthoracic pressure 
C)  transrespiratory pressure 
D)  transpulmonary pressure

Question 18

What would the lung compliance equal if a pressure change of 4 cm H20 resulted in a volume change of 600 mL?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.15L/cm H20 
B)  1.5 L/cm H20 
C)  0.24 L/cm H20 
D)  0.066 L/cm H20 
A)  0.15L/cm H20 
B)  1.5 L/cm H20 
C)  0.24 L/cm H20 
D)  0.066 L/cm H20

Question 19

What is the term for alteration of the ventilatory pattern to minimize dead space ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic efficiency 
B)  hyperventilation 
C)  ventilatory efficiency 
D)  Hyperefficiency 
A)  metabolic efficiency 
B)  hyperventilation 
C)  ventilatory efficiency 
D)  Hyperefficiency

Question 20

What term is used in respiratory care to describe the movement of gas in and out of the lung and the pressure changes required to move the gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive 
B)  respiration 
C)  static 
D)  dynamic 
A)  passive 
B)  respiration 
C)  static 
D)  dynamic

What of the following is used to calculate lung compliance?

What is the term for the volume of gas that is typically measured during exhalation of one quiet breath?

Which law best explains the basic operation of the negative pressure ventilator?

What effect will increased R_aw and increased C_L have on the time constants in the affected lung regions?

In the upright lung, how does compliance vary across the lung?

How would the addition of a length of tubing between a ventilator and the endotracheal tube affect on dead space?

At what point in the ventilatory cycle would the intra-alveolar pressure be higher than the atmospheric pressure?

What is the term for a rapid respiratory rate?

If a patient who generates an intrapleural pressure of -4 mmHg to inhale 450 mL experiences inflammation and bronchospasm that reduce the radius of the bronchial airways to one-half of their original size, what pressure must the patient generate to inhale the same tidal volume?

Which abnormal breathing pattern is most commonly associated with ketoacidosis?

At sea level, what would the alveolar pressure at end-expiration equal?

What is the approximate volume of anatomic dead space?

What would the minute alveolar ventilation equal if a 6 ft tall, 170 lb male has a VT of 550 mL and a respiratory rate of 11 breaths/min?

Reversible bronchospasm, airways inflammation, mucous plugging, and hyperinflation of the alveoli are characteristics of what pulmonary disorder?

What term is defined as "the change in volume of the lungs divided by the change in transpulmonary pressure during the time required for one breath'?

What is the general term for the force required to move gas or fluid through a tube or vessel?

What is the term for the difference between the alveolar pressure and the pleural pressure?

What would the lung compliance equal if a pressure change of 4 cm H20 resulted in a volume change of 600 mL?

What is the term for alteration of the ventilatory pattern to minimize dead space ventilation?

What term is used in respiratory care to describe the movement of gas in and out of the lung and the pressure changes required to move the gas?

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respitory System

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid-Base Balance and Regulation

Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12-Ecg Lead System

Ecg Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters

Exam 2: Ventilation

What of the following is used to calculate lung compliance?

What is the term for the volume of gas that is typically measured during exhalation of one quiet breath?

Which law best explains the basic operation of the negative pressure ventilator?

What effect will increased Raw and increased CL have on the time constants in the affected lung regions?

In the upright lung, how does compliance vary across the lung?

How would the addition of a length of tubing between a ventilator and the endotracheal tube affect on dead space?

At what point in the ventilatory cycle would the intra-alveolar pressure be higher than the atmospheric pressure?

What is the term for a rapid respiratory rate?

If a patient who generates an intrapleural pressure of -4 mmHg to inhale 450 mL experiences inflammation and bronchospasm that reduce the radius of the bronchial airways to one-half of their original size, what pressure must the patient generate to inhale the same tidal volume?

Which abnormal breathing pattern is most commonly associated with ketoacidosis?

At sea level, what would the alveolar pressure at end-expiration equal?

What is the approximate volume of anatomic dead space?

What would the minute alveolar ventilation equal if a 6 ft tall, 170 lb male has a VT of 550 mL and a respiratory rate of 11 breaths/min?

Reversible bronchospasm, airways inflammation, mucous plugging, and hyperinflation of the alveoli are characteristics of what pulmonary disorder?

What term is defined as "the change in volume of the lungs divided by the change in transpulmonary pressure during the time required for one breath'?

What is the general term for the force required to move gas or fluid through a tube or vessel?

What is the term for the difference between the alveolar pressure and the pleural pressure?

What would the lung compliance equal if a pressure change of 4 cm H20 resulted in a volume change of 600 mL?

What is the term for alteration of the ventilatory pattern to minimize dead space ventilation?

What term is used in respiratory care to describe the movement of gas in and out of the lung and the pressure changes required to move the gas?

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respitory System

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid-Base Balance and Regulation

Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12-Ecg Lead System

Ecg Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters

What effect will increased R_aw and increased C_L have on the time constants in the affected lung regions?