Exam 7: The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

Which emotion seems to depend on the development of social awareness?

When a baby discovers that her world is a fairly predictable place in which her needs are met by a responsive caregiver, Erikson would say that she has resolved the crisis of _____ versus mistrust.

Which of these emotions is the last to develop in an infant?

The first crisis of life, according to Erikson, is _____.

One element of day care that researchers agree is extremely important is the _____ of the day-care setting.

According to the New York Longitudinal Study, by approximately 3 months of age infants exhibit a wide enough variety of behaviors that they can be classified as one of _____ temperamental categories.

Mary is playing with her infant daughter, Rosalie. Mary responds to Rosalie's facial expressions by mimicking and exaggerating the same expressions. All of a sudden, Mary's face becomes blank and she does not show any emotion. How is Rosalie likely to respond?

In cognitive theory, there is a set of assumptions that become a frame of reference for later life. These assumptions are called _____.

The Strange Situation measures how a child _____.

When he was an infant, Chang participated in a research study during which the researcher restrained his arms for two minutes. Which emotion did Chang likely experience?

Allocare refers to the care of children by _____.

The quality of the parent-child attachment is one component in determining the effects of nonmaternal care on children.

Based on the experience of the Romanian children who were institutionalized during the late twentieth century, what might be concluded about attachment?

An infant who cries when an unknown person approaches is displaying _____.

A child showing a secure attachment is one who _____.

According to psychoanalytic theory, the child's prime focus of pleasure in the first year of life is the _____.

What is a working model, and how does a 1-year-old child develop one? Give an example of how a working model could change from negative to positive over time.

Which type of face does a typical 6-month-old prefer looking at?

At age 5, Samantha still exhibits very strong separation anxiety whenever her mother leaves her anywhere. Samantha's behavior is evidence of sound emotional health.

The emotions of attachment protect children by _____.