Exam 7: The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

Infants of depressed mothers are better off staying home with their mothers than being sent to other caregiving situations.

Day care in which several paid, trained providers care for many children in a space designed especially for the purpose of day care is a type of _____.

According to the text, who encourages infants to explore, and who tends to encourage cautiousness?

Eddie was a securely attached infant. As a preschooler, his living situation changed, so his attachment has loosened. This makes sense, because attachment status can change over time.

Self-recognition, as revealed by the mirror test, usually emerges at about 8 months.

Diana is meeting her friend's 1-year-old daughter for the first time. How can she and her friend use the child's social referencing to allow Diana to approach the child? List at least three factors that will determine the child's response.

Dr. Berkowitz is doing research using the Strange Situation in order to measure a child's _____.

Explain the role that social awareness plays in the development of pride and shame. What role does culture play in the development of pride and shame?

Among several essential characteristics, high-quality day care during infancy has _____.

Proximal parenting involves close physical contact with a child, while _____ parenting involves engaging the child more intellectually.

When a father makes a silly face and his infant widens her eyes in surprise, there is evidence of synchrony.

When Birgitta gave birth, her mother moved in with the young family to help care for the newborn. This sort of caregiving by someone other than the baby's parent is called _____.

The Strange Situation is a classic laboratory procedure used to measure attachment.

Developmentalists have found that social learning takes place _____.

According to cognitive theorists, values and thoughts determine one's perspective on the world.

Harry's mother left him for a few minutes. When she returned, Harry climbed into her lap and then resumed playing. Harry is probably a(n) _____ attached child.

According to Erikson, failure to develop autonomy over one's own actions is most closely identified with _____.

The Western value of independence is clearly exhibited in _____.

Children's trait differences that originate with nature, or genes, are called _____.

According to cognitive theory, an infant's early experiences are not necessarily pivotal; the _____ is.