Exam 9: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Centration assists in developing logical operations.

According to Vygotsky, the internal dialogue that people have with themselves either silently or aloud is referred to as _____.

Logical extension involves _____.

In terms of early-childhood learning, research has found that if the home educational quality is poor, then _____.

Ten-year-old Sarah and 5-year-old Haley were making a special birthday card for their grandmother. As Sarah patiently showed Haley how to carefully glue the lace around the card's edges, she provided scaffolding for Haley.

Children typically understand the basics of grammar _____.

The internal dialogue in which one talks to oneself either aloud or in one's mind is called _____.

When shown a novel object and told that it is called a "wug," preschoolers know that two of those objects would be two "wugs." This ability to correctly add an -s when pluralizing is evidence of their proper use of _____.

_____ is the rapid and sometimes imprecise way in which children learn new words by placing them in mental categories based on their perceived meaning.

For a long time, developmentalists such as Piaget overestimated children's thinking skills.

Reggio Emilia programs emphasize formal classroom instruction by the teacher.

A child who is unable to read a picture book independently gets help from an adult to accomplish the task. This assistance will only be effective if the _____.

The view that children's cognitive development is embedded in a social context originated with the work of _____.

Piaget called the stage of human cognitive development between the ages of 2 and 6 "preoperational intelligence" because children do not yet _____.

What is Piaget's term for cognitive development between the ages of about 2 and 6?

The Reggio Emilia early-childhood program focuses on _____.

Nine-year-old Bobby has no problem understanding that the 20-year-old woman who sometimes stays with him is both a student and a babysitter. According to Piaget, this is because Bobby's thinking has moved beyond _____.

According to Vygotsky, guided participation requires that a child _____.

Daryl has a ball of Silly Putty. His 6-year-old son, Mason, watches as Daryl flattens the Silly Putty into a thin "pancake." When Daryl asks Mason if there is now more Silly Putty, Mason replies "Yes" because he has _____.

Why does a language shift typically occur?