Question 1

Which of the following groups of molecules are found in the shuffling reactions of stage 3 of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, and C7 sugars 
B)  NADPH and ATP 
C)  erythrose-4-phosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, and xylulose-5-phosphate 
D)  3-phosphoglycerate, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
A)  C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, and C7 sugars 
B)  NADPH and ATP 
C)  erythrose-4-phosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, and xylulose-5-phosphate 
D)  3-phosphoglycerate, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 2

In addition to the pumping of protons with the photosynthetic electron transport, what else contributes to establishing a proton gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)  the loss of electrons from NADPH 
B)  the reduction of P680+ 
C)  the movement of plastocyanin 
D)  the formation of O2 from two H2O 
A)  the loss of electrons from NADPH 
B)  the reduction of P680+ 
C)  the movement of plastocyanin 
D)  the formation of O2 from two H2O

Question 3

The photosynthetic Z scheme describes the

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesis of glucose from CO2. 
B)  movement of electrons driven by the absorption of light energy. 
C)  production of O2. 
D)  reduction of NADPH. 
A)  synthesis of glucose from CO2. 
B)  movement of electrons driven by the absorption of light energy. 
C)  production of O2. 
D)  reduction of NADPH.

Question 4

Which protein or enzyme is NOT involved in the cyclic photophosphorylation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  ferredoxin 
B)  photosystem II 
C)  cytochrome b6f 
D)  plastocyanin 
A)  ferredoxin 
B)  photosystem II 
C)  cytochrome b6f 
D)  plastocyanin

Question 5

Transketolase requires the coenzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  cobalamin (vitamin B1 2). 
B)  pyridoxal phosphate. 
C)  tetrahydrofolic acid. 
D)  thiamine pyrophosphate. 
A)  cobalamin (vitamin B1 2). 
B)  pyridoxal phosphate. 
C)  tetrahydrofolic acid. 
D)  thiamine pyrophosphate.

Question 6

All of the following are true of both chloroplasts and mitochondria EXCEPT that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have one highly folded membrane. 
B)  produce ATP inside the organelle. 
C)  produce NADPH inside the organelle. 
D)  are present in photosynthetic plant cells. 
A)  have one highly folded membrane. 
B)  produce ATP inside the organelle. 
C)  produce NADPH inside the organelle. 
D)  are present in photosynthetic plant cells.

Question 7

Trace the path of each electron through the photosynthetic pathway, starting from H2O and proceeding to the cytochrome b6f complex.

Accepted Answer

See Figure 12.20 below. H₂O@#LAT-DLM& p

Question 8

Overall, the net balanced reaction of the Calvin cycle converts 3 CO2 into one

Accepted Answer

A)  ribulose-5-phosphate. 
B)  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
C)  acetyl-CoA. 
D)  glucose. 
A)  ribulose-5-phosphate. 
B)  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
C)  acetyl-CoA. 
D)  glucose.

Question 9

In the figure below, identify A and B in the active site of rubisco.

Accepted Answer

A is the active site Mg²⁺ion. B

Question 10

The final product that is formed by the enzyme rubisco is

Accepted Answer

A)  3-phosphoglycerate. 
B)  ATP. 
C)  ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. 
D)  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
A)  3-phosphoglycerate. 
B)  ATP. 
C)  ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. 
D)  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Question 11

The reactions in stage 2 of the Calvin cycle are the same as those of the gluconeogenesis/glycolysis pathway in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular location of the pathways. 
B)  use of NADPH as reductant. 
C)  C3 sugars in the pathways. 
D)  enzyme locations. 
A)  cellular location of the pathways. 
B)  use of NADPH as reductant. 
C)  C3 sugars in the pathways. 
D)  enzyme locations.

Question 12

Unlike plant cells, animal cells lack the glyoxylate enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  isocitrate lyase and malate synthase. 
B)  rubisco and transaldolase. 
C)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase and citrate synthase. 
D)  isocitrate dehydrogenase and $\alpha$-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. 
A)  isocitrate lyase and malate synthase. 
B)  rubisco and transaldolase. 
C)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase and citrate synthase. 
D)  isocitrate dehydrogenase and $\alpha$-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.

Question 13

Explain how the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells in C4 plants cooperate to accomplish the delivery of CO2 to the Calvin cycle.

Accepted Answer

In the surface mesophyll cells, CO₂ is ab

Question 14

The first stage of the three-stage Calvin cycle

Accepted Answer

A)  generates CO2. 
B)  uses ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. 
C)  occurs in the plant cell cytoplasm. 
D)  is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco. 
A)  generates CO2. 
B)  uses ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. 
C)  occurs in the plant cell cytoplasm. 
D)  is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco.

Question 15

The glyoxylate cycle enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  are active at night when sugar reserves are high and lipid synthesis is activated. 
B)  bypass the decarboxylation steps of the TCA cycle, resulting in the net synthesis of a sugar molecule from acetyl-CoA. 
C)  replace the mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes. 
D)  require ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. 
A)  are active at night when sugar reserves are high and lipid synthesis is activated. 
B)  bypass the decarboxylation steps of the TCA cycle, resulting in the net synthesis of a sugar molecule from acetyl-CoA. 
C)  replace the mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes. 
D)  require ATP and NADPH from the light reactions.

Question 16

What is the overall balanced reaction for the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP $\rightarrow$ 2 H2O + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi 
B)  3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 9 ATP + 6 H2O $\rightarrow$Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 9 Pi 
C)  O2 + 8 photons + NADP+ + 3 ATP $\rightarrow$ 2 H2O + NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi 
D)  2 H2O + 8 photons + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi $\rightarrow$ O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP 
A)  O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP $\rightarrow$ 2 H2O + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi 
B)  3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 9 ATP + 6 H2O $\rightarrow$Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 9 Pi 
C)  O2 + 8 photons + NADP+ + 3 ATP $\rightarrow$ 2 H2O + NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi 
D)  2 H2O + 8 photons + 2 NADP+ + 3 ADP + 3 Pi $\rightarrow$ O2 + 2 NADPH + 3 ATP

Question 17

Fill in the missing cofactors in the reactions below which correspond to stage 2 of the Calvin cycle reactions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fill in the missing cofactors in the...

Question 18

The Calvin cycle requires which species from the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP and NADPH 
B)  reducing electrons 
C)  CO2 and ATP 
D)  NADH and FADH2 
A)  ATP and NADPH 
B)  reducing electrons 
C)  CO2 and ATP 
D)  NADH and FADH2

Question 19

Explain why the rubisco enzyme's unproductive side reaction with O2, called photorespiration, is a concern even when the O2 affinity for rubisco is 30 times less than that of CO2.

Accepted Answer

The concentration of

Question 20

To form one O2, electrons must leave two water molecules, and to form one NADPH, electrons must be delivered to one NADP+.

Accepted Answer

A)  2; 2 
B)  2; 4 
C)  4; 2 
D)  4; 4 
A)  2; 2 
B)  2; 4 
C)  4; 2 
D)  4; 4

Exam 12: Photosynthesis

Which of the following groups of molecules are found in the shuffling reactions of stage 3 of photosynthesis?

In addition to the pumping of protons with the photosynthetic electron transport, what else contributes to establishing a proton gradient?

The photosynthetic Z scheme describes the

Which protein or enzyme is NOT involved in the cyclic photophosphorylation pathway?

Transketolase requires the coenzyme

All of the following are true of both chloroplasts and mitochondria EXCEPT that they

Trace the path of each electron through the photosynthetic pathway, starting from H2O and proceeding to the cytochrome b6f complex.

Overall, the net balanced reaction of the Calvin cycle converts 3 CO2 into one

In the figure below, identify A and B in the active site of rubisco.

The final product that is formed by the enzyme rubisco is

The reactions in stage 2 of the Calvin cycle are the same as those of the gluconeogenesis/glycolysis pathway in the

Unlike plant cells, animal cells lack the glyoxylate enzymes

Explain how the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells in C4 plants cooperate to accomplish the delivery of CO2 to the Calvin cycle.

The first stage of the three-stage Calvin cycle

The glyoxylate cycle enzymes

What is the overall balanced reaction for the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Fill in the missing cofactors in the reactions below which correspond to stage 2 of the Calvin cycle reactions.

The Calvin cycle requires which species from the light reactions?

Explain why the rubisco enzyme's unproductive side reaction with O2, called photorespiration, is a concern even when the O2 affinity for rubisco is 30 times less than that of CO2.

To form one O2, electrons must leave two water molecules, and to form one NADPH, electrons must be delivered to one NADP+.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

Trace the path of each electron through the photosynthetic pathway, starting from H₂O and proceeding to the cytochrome b₆f complex.

Overall, the net balanced reaction of the Calvin cycle converts 3 CO₂ into one

Explain how the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells in C₄ plants cooperate to accomplish the delivery of CO₂ to the Calvin cycle.

Explain why the rubisco enzyme's unproductive side reaction with O₂, called photorespiration, is a concern even when the O₂ affinity for rubisco is 30 times less than that of CO₂.

To form one O₂, electrons must leave two water molecules, and to form one NADPH, electrons must be delivered to one NADP⁺.