Question 1

Data collected to date indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  new species of bacteria may be discovered in wild animals. 
B)  marine mammals don't have an immune system. 
C)  marine mammals do not get infectious diseases. 
D)  humans and marine mammals cannot be infected by the same pathogens. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  new species of bacteria may be discovered in wild animals. 
B)  marine mammals don't have an immune system. 
C)  marine mammals do not get infectious diseases. 
D)  humans and marine mammals cannot be infected by the same pathogens. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 2

Biochemical tests are used to determine

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid- base composition. 
B)  amino acid sequences. 
C)  staining characteristics. 
D)  enzymatic activities. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  nucleic acid- base composition. 
B)  amino acid sequences. 
C)  staining characteristics. 
D)  enzymatic activities. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 3

At this point in time, scientists believe the vast majority of the domain Bacteria have been discovered.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Table 10.1 1. $\text {$9 + 2$ flagella}$
2. $\text {Nucleus}$
3.$\text { Plasma membrane}$
4.$\text { Peptidoglycan}$
5.$\text { Mitochondrion}$
6.$\text { Fimbriae}$
-In Table 10.1, which features are found in nearly all eukarya?

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 3, 5 
B)  1, 2, 5 
C)  1, 4, 6 
D)  3, 5 
E)  2, 3 
A)  2, 3, 5 
B)  1, 2, 5 
C)  1, 4, 6 
D)  3, 5 
E)  2, 3

Question 5

Which of the following characterizes the Domain Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  prokaryotic cells; ether linkages in phospholipids 
B)  complex cellular structures 
C)  eukaryotic cells; ester linkages in phospholipids 
D)  prokaryotic cells; ester linkages in phospholipids 
E)  multicellular 
A)  prokaryotic cells; ether linkages in phospholipids 
B)  complex cellular structures 
C)  eukaryotic cells; ester linkages in phospholipids 
D)  prokaryotic cells; ester linkages in phospholipids 
E)  multicellular

Question 6

As molecular techniques improve, scientists are finding it necessary to reclassify some genera.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

One of the most popular taxonomic tools is DNA fingerprinting to develop profiles of organisms. These profiles provide direct information about

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of specific genes. 
B)  antigenic composition. 
C)  protein composition. 
D)  the similarities between nucleotide sequences. 
E)  enzymatic activities. 
A)  the presence of specific genes. 
B)  antigenic composition. 
C)  protein composition. 
D)  the similarities between nucleotide sequences. 
E)  enzymatic activities.

Question 8

Figure 10.3
This figure shows the results of a gel electrophoresis separation of restriction fragments of the DNA of different organisms.
  
-In Figure 10.3, which two are most closely related?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 and 5 
B)  4 and 5 
C)  1 and 3 
D)  2 and 4 
E)  2 and 5 
A)  3 and 5 
B)  4 and 5 
C)  1 and 3 
D)  2 and 4 
E)  2 and 5

Question 9

All of the following statements are reasons why fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) has become a valuable tool for environmental microbiologists EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it allows one to obtain pure cultures of microbes. 
B)  it demonstrates the diversity of microbes in an environment. 
C)  it allows for detection of uncultured microbes. 
D)  it allows observation of microbes in their natural environment in association with other microbes. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  it allows one to obtain pure cultures of microbes. 
B)  it demonstrates the diversity of microbes in an environment. 
C)  it allows for detection of uncultured microbes. 
D)  it allows observation of microbes in their natural environment in association with other microbes. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Into which group would you place a unicellular organism that has 70S ribosomes and a peptidoglycan cell wall?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protist 
B)  Fungi 
C)  Plantae 
D)  Bacteria 
E)  Animalia 
A)  Protist 
B)  Fungi 
C)  Plantae 
D)  Bacteria 
E)  Animalia

Question 11

Which of the following criteria is most useful in determining whether two organisms are related?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both ferment lactose. 
B)  Both are motile. 
C)  Both are gram- positive. 
D)  Both are aerobic. 
E)  Each answer is equally important. 
A)  Both ferment lactose. 
B)  Both are motile. 
C)  Both are gram- positive. 
D)  Both are aerobic. 
E)  Each answer is equally important.

Question 12

In the scientific name Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter is the

Accepted Answer

A)  kingdom. 
B)  family. 
C)  order. 
D)  specific epithet. 
E)  genus. 
A)  kingdom. 
B)  family. 
C)  order. 
D)  specific epithet. 
E)  genus.

Question 13

Nucleic acid hybridization is based on the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  all cells have DNA. 
B)  pairing between complementary bases occurs. 
C)  a chromosome is composed of complementary strands. 
D)  the strands of DNA can be separated. 
E)  DNA is composed of genes. 
A)  all cells have DNA. 
B)  pairing between complementary bases occurs. 
C)  a chromosome is composed of complementary strands. 
D)  the strands of DNA can be separated. 
E)  DNA is composed of genes.

Question 14

Which of the following characteristics indicates that two organisms are closely related?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both normally live in clams. 
B)  Both are cocci. 
C)  Both of their DNA can hybridize. 
D)  Both ferment lactose. 
E)  Both are motile. 
A)  Both normally live in clams. 
B)  Both are cocci. 
C)  Both of their DNA can hybridize. 
D)  Both ferment lactose. 
E)  Both are motile.

Question 15

Into which group would you place a photosynthetic organism that lacks a nucleus and has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by an outer membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fungi 
B)  Proteobacteria (gram- negative bacteria) 
C)  Animalia 
D)  Plantae 
E)  Firmicutes (gram- positive bacteria) 
A)  Fungi 
B)  Proteobacteria (gram- negative bacteria) 
C)  Animalia 
D)  Plantae 
E)  Firmicutes (gram- positive bacteria)

Question 16

Table 10.2  
-Use the dichotomous key in Table 10.2 to identify a gram- negative rod that ferments lactose and uses citric acid as its sole carbon source.

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia 
B)  Citrobacter 
C)  Lactobacillus 
D)  Pseudomonas 
E)  Staphylococcus 
A)  Escherichia 
B)  Citrobacter 
C)  Lactobacillus 
D)  Pseudomonas 
E)  Staphylococcus

Exam 10: Classification of Microorganisms

Data collected to date indicate that

Biochemical tests are used to determine

At this point in time, scientists believe the vast majority of the domain Bacteria have been discovered.

Which of the following characterizes the Domain Bacteria?

As molecular techniques improve, scientists are finding it necessary to reclassify some genera.

One of the most popular taxonomic tools is DNA fingerprinting to develop profiles of organisms. These profiles provide direct information about

Figure 10.3 This figure shows the results of a gel electrophoresis separation of restriction fragments of the DNA of different organisms. -In Figure 10.3, which two are most closely related?

All of the following statements are reasons why fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) has become a valuable tool for environmental microbiologists EXCEPT

Into which group would you place a unicellular organism that has 70S ribosomes and a peptidoglycan cell wall?

Which of the following criteria is most useful in determining whether two organisms are related?

In the scientific name Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter is the

Nucleic acid hybridization is based on the fact that

Which of the following characteristics indicates that two organisms are closely related?

Into which group would you place a photosynthetic organism that lacks a nucleus and has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by an outer membrane?

Table 10.2 -Use the dichotomous key in Table 10.2 to identify a gram- negative rod that ferments lactose and uses citric acid as its sole carbon source.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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