Question 1

Bacteriophage replication differs from animal virus replication because only bacteriophage replication involves

Accepted Answer

A)  injection of naked nucleic acid into the host cell. 
B)  replication of viral nucleic acid. 
C)  adsorption to specific receptors. 
D)  lysis of the host cell. 
E)  assembly of viral components. 
A)  injection of naked nucleic acid into the host cell. 
B)  replication of viral nucleic acid. 
C)  adsorption to specific receptors. 
D)  lysis of the host cell. 
E)  assembly of viral components.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about viral spikes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are composed of carbohydrate- protein complexes. 
B)  They bind to receptors on the host cell surface. 
C)  They are used for attachment. 
D)  They are found only on nonenveloped viruses. 
E)  They may cause hemagglutination. 
A)  They are composed of carbohydrate- protein complexes. 
B)  They bind to receptors on the host cell surface. 
C)  They are used for attachment. 
D)  They are found only on nonenveloped viruses. 
E)  They may cause hemagglutination.

Question 3

Most RNA viruses carry which of the following enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP synthase 
B)  DNA- dependent DNA polymerase 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  RNA- dependent RNA polymerase 
E)  lysozyme 
A)  ATP synthase 
B)  DNA- dependent DNA polymerase 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  RNA- dependent RNA polymerase 
E)  lysozyme

Question 4

Assume you have isolated an unknown virus. This virus has a single, positive sense strand of RNA, and possesses an envelope. To which group does it most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  togavirus 
B)  herpesvirus 
C)  picornavirus 
D)  papovavirus 
E)  retrovirus 
A)  togavirus 
B)  herpesvirus 
C)  picornavirus 
D)  papovavirus 
E)  retrovirus

Question 5

Most drugs that interfere with viral multiplication also interfere with host cell function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A lytic virus has infected a patient. Which of the following would best describe what is happening inside the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus is infecting cells and then releasing only small amounts of virus. 
B)  The virus is not killing any cells in the host. 
C)  The virus is causing the death of the infected cells in the patient. 
D)  The virus is incorporating its nucleic acid with that of the patient's cells. 
E)  The virus is slowly killing the patient's cells. 
A)  The virus is infecting cells and then releasing only small amounts of virus. 
B)  The virus is not killing any cells in the host. 
C)  The virus is causing the death of the infected cells in the patient. 
D)  The virus is incorporating its nucleic acid with that of the patient's cells. 
E)  The virus is slowly killing the patient's cells.

Question 7

Dogs do not get measles because their cells lack the correct receptor sites for that virus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  plaque. 
B)  phage. 
C)  rash. 
D)  pock. 
E)  cell lysis. 
A)  plaque. 
B)  phage. 
C)  rash. 
D)  pock. 
E)  cell lysis.

Question 9

Continuous cell lines differ from primary cell lines in that

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous cell lines always have to be re- isolated from animal tissues. 
B)  continuous cell lines can be maintained through an indefinite number of generations. 
C)  viruses can be grown in continuous cell lines. 
D)  continuous cell lines are from human embryos. 
E)  continuous cell lines are derived from primary cell lines. 
A)  continuous cell lines always have to be re- isolated from animal tissues. 
B)  continuous cell lines can be maintained through an indefinite number of generations. 
C)  viruses can be grown in continuous cell lines. 
D)  continuous cell lines are from human embryos. 
E)  continuous cell lines are derived from primary cell lines.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT utilized to culture viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  animal cell cultures 
B)  embryonated eggs 
C)  culture media 
D)  laboratory animals 
E)  bacterial cultures 
A)  animal cell cultures 
B)  embryonated eggs 
C)  culture media 
D)  laboratory animals 
E)  bacterial cultures

Question 11

Which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with a - (minus) strand of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesis of double- stranded RNA from a DNA template 
B)  synthesis of double- stranded RNA from an RNA template 
C)  synthesis of DNA from a DNA template 
D)  synthesis of DNA from an RNA template 
E)  transcription of mRNA from DNA 
A)  synthesis of double- stranded RNA from a DNA template 
B)  synthesis of double- stranded RNA from an RNA template 
C)  synthesis of DNA from a DNA template 
D)  synthesis of DNA from an RNA template 
E)  transcription of mRNA from DNA

Question 12

Lysogeny can result in all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  immunity to reinfection by the same phage. 
B)  immunity to reinfection by any phage. 
C)  acquisition of new characteristics by the host cell. 
D)  phage conversion. 
E)  specialized transduction. 
A)  immunity to reinfection by the same phage. 
B)  immunity to reinfection by any phage. 
C)  acquisition of new characteristics by the host cell. 
D)  phage conversion. 
E)  specialized transduction.

Question 13

A persistent infection is one in which

Accepted Answer

A)  viral replication is unusually slow. 
B)  the disease process occurs gradually over a long period. 
C)  the virus remains in equilibrium with the host without causing a disease. 
D)  host cells are gradually lysed. 
E)  host cells are transformed. 
A)  viral replication is unusually slow. 
B)  the disease process occurs gradually over a long period. 
C)  the virus remains in equilibrium with the host without causing a disease. 
D)  host cells are gradually lysed. 
E)  host cells are transformed.

Question 14

Which of the following is most likely a product of an early gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  spike proteins 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  envelope proteins 
E)  capsid proteins 
A)  spike proteins 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  envelope proteins 
E)  capsid proteins

Question 15

A viral species is a group of viruses that

Accepted Answer

A)  has the same genetic information and ecological niche. 
B)  has the same morphology and nucleic acid. 
C)  infects the same cells and cause the same disease. 
D)  cannot be defined. 
A)  has the same genetic information and ecological niche. 
B)  has the same morphology and nucleic acid. 
C)  infects the same cells and cause the same disease. 
D)  cannot be defined.

Question 16

Oncogenic viruses

Accepted Answer

A) are genetically unstable. 
B)  cause acute infections. 
C)  have no effect on the host cell. 
D)  are lytic viruses that kill the host cell. 
E)  cause tumors to develop. 
A) are genetically unstable. 
B)  cause acute infections. 
C)  have no effect on the host cell. 
D)  are lytic viruses that kill the host cell. 
E)  cause tumors to develop.

Question 17

A viroid is a completely developed infectious agent composed of nucleic acid and surrounded by a capsid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The definition of lysogeny is

Accepted Answer

A)  the period during replication when virions are not present. 
B)  phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA. 
C)  attachment of a phage to a cell. 
D)  lysis of the host cell due to a phage. 
E)  when the burst time takes an unusually long time. 
A)  the period during replication when virions are not present. 
B)  phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA. 
C)  attachment of a phage to a cell. 
D)  lysis of the host cell due to a phage. 
E)  when the burst time takes an unusually long time.

Question 19

DNA made from an RNA template will be incorporated into the virus capsid of

Accepted Answer

A)  Herpesviridae. 
B)  Retroviridae. 
C)  Hepadnaviridae. 
D)  influenzavirus. 
E)  bacteriophage families. 
A)  Herpesviridae. 
B)  Retroviridae. 
C)  Hepadnaviridae. 
D)  influenzavirus. 
E)  bacteriophage families.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphology 
B)  nucleic acid 
C)  biochemical tests 
D)  size 
E)  number of capsomeres 
A)  morphology 
B)  nucleic acid 
C)  biochemical tests 
D)  size 
E)  number of capsomeres

Exam 13: Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Bacteriophage replication differs from animal virus replication because only bacteriophage replication involves

Which of the following statements about viral spikes is FALSE?

Most RNA viruses carry which of the following enzymes?

Assume you have isolated an unknown virus. This virus has a single, positive sense strand of RNA, and possesses an envelope. To which group does it most likely belong?

Most drugs that interfere with viral multiplication also interfere with host cell function.

A lytic virus has infected a patient. Which of the following would best describe what is happening inside the patient?

Dogs do not get measles because their cells lack the correct receptor sites for that virus.

A clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a

Continuous cell lines differ from primary cell lines in that

Which of the following is NOT utilized to culture viruses?

Which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with a - (minus) strand of RNA?

Lysogeny can result in all of the following EXCEPT

A persistent infection is one in which

Which of the following is most likely a product of an early gene?

A viral species is a group of viruses that

Oncogenic viruses

A viroid is a completely developed infectious agent composed of nucleic acid and surrounded by a capsid.

The definition of lysogeny is

DNA made from an RNA template will be incorporated into the virus capsid of

Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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