Question 1

The retina

Accepted Answer

A)  is the middle layer of the eye 
B)  contains the photoreceptors 
C)  becomes specialized anteriorly to form the cornea 
D)  secretes the aqueous humor 
E)  none of these 
A)  is the middle layer of the eye 
B)  contains the photoreceptors 
C)  becomes specialized anteriorly to form the cornea 
D)  secretes the aqueous humor 
E)  none of these

Question 2

Pain may be elicited by thermal or chemical stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Vestibular information is important for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  hearing 
B)  maintenance of balance 
C)  control of eye movement 
D)  perception of motion and orientation 
E)  maintenance of desire posture 
A)  hearing 
B)  maintenance of balance 
C)  control of eye movement 
D)  perception of motion and orientation 
E)  maintenance of desire posture

Question 4

Light must pass through several layers of retinal cells before reaching rods and cones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Exposure to very loud noises can result in partial conductive deafness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

At the optic chiasm, the fibers in the lateral half of each optic nerve cross over.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Vitamin A deficiency causes

Accepted Answer

A)  poor night vision 
B)  poor color vision 
C)  color blindness 
D)  presbyopia 
E)  poor night vision and presbyopia 
A)  poor night vision 
B)  poor color vision 
C)  color blindness 
D)  presbyopia 
E)  poor night vision and presbyopia

Question 8

Complete each of the following statments.
By ____________________, a stimulus of the same intensity does not elicit a receptor potential of the same magnitude.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
By ____________________,...

Question 9

Receptor potentials

Accepted Answer

A)  are always depolarizations 
B)  are graded potentials 
C)  have refractory periods 
D)  are always depolarizations and are graded potentials 
E)  none of these 
A)  are always depolarizations 
B)  are graded potentials 
C)  have refractory periods 
D)  are always depolarizations and are graded potentials 
E)  none of these

Question 10

Which of the following abnormalities could give rise to sensorineural deafness?

Accepted Answer

A)  rupture of the tympanic membrane 
B)  disease or injury in the organ of Corti 
C)  restriction of ossicular movement because of adhesions between the bones 
D)  damage to the occipital lobes of the cortex 
E)  presbyopia 
A)  rupture of the tympanic membrane 
B)  disease or injury in the organ of Corti 
C)  restriction of ossicular movement because of adhesions between the bones 
D)  damage to the occipital lobes of the cortex 
E)  presbyopia

Question 11

Complete each of the following statments.
Myopia is another name for ____________________, whereas ____________________ is the name for a reduction in accommodative ability.

Accepted Answer

nearsighte

Question 12

Prostaglandins suppress the sensitivity of nociceptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Transmission of sound through the middle ear results in

Accepted Answer

A)  amplification of the pressure vibrations 
B)  stimulation of middle ear receptor cells 
C)  opening of the eustachian tube 
D)  increased firing rate in sensory axons associated with the tympanic membrane 
E)  none of these 
A)  amplification of the pressure vibrations 
B)  stimulation of middle ear receptor cells 
C)  opening of the eustachian tube 
D)  increased firing rate in sensory axons associated with the tympanic membrane 
E)  none of these

Question 14

Which of the following structures contributes the most to the total refractive ability of the eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  lens 
B)  cornea 
C)  ciliary muscle 
D)  retina 
E)  iris 
A)  lens 
B)  cornea 
C)  ciliary muscle 
D)  retina 
E)  iris

Question 15

Select the structure that is not found inside the cochlear duct.

Accepted Answer

A)  basilar membrane 
B)  endolymph 
C)  oval window 
D)  organ of Corti 
E)  tectorial membrane 
A)  basilar membrane 
B)  endolymph 
C)  oval window 
D)  organ of Corti 
E)  tectorial membrane

Question 16

Cones have higher acuity than rods because

Accepted Answer

A)  Cones respond more to long wavelengths of light. 
B)  There are three types of cones. 
C)  There is little convergence in the cone pathways within the retina. 
D)  There are more cones than rods. 
E)  The photopigment in the cones breaks down more rapidly than the photopigment in rods. 
A)  Cones respond more to long wavelengths of light. 
B)  There are three types of cones. 
C)  There is little convergence in the cone pathways within the retina. 
D)  There are more cones than rods. 
E)  The photopigment in the cones breaks down more rapidly than the photopigment in rods.

Question 17

Afferent input that does not reach the conscious level is

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic 
B)  proprioceptive 
C)  somethetic 
D)  a special sense 
E)  visceral 
A)  somatic 
B)  proprioceptive 
C)  somethetic 
D)  a special sense 
E)  visceral

Question 18

The sclera is the most external layer of the eye and the choroid is the most internal layer of the eye.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following activities occurs in the presence of light within the phototransduction pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ganglion cells stimulate bipolar cells. 
B)  cGMP levels increase within photoreceptors. 
C)  Bipolar cells produce graded potentials. 
D)  Sodium channels open in photoreceptors. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  Ganglion cells stimulate bipolar cells. 
B)  cGMP levels increase within photoreceptors. 
C)  Bipolar cells produce graded potentials. 
D)  Sodium channels open in photoreceptors. 
E)  None of these.

Question 20

Polymodal nociceptors

Accepted Answer

A)  respond only to mechanical damage such as cutting, crushing, or pinching 
B)  transmit impulses along A-delta fibers 
C)  activate the slow pain pathway 
D)  release prostaglandins 
E)  none of these 
A)  respond only to mechanical damage such as cutting, crushing, or pinching 
B)  transmit impulses along A-delta fibers 
C)  activate the slow pain pathway 
D)  release prostaglandins 
E)  none of these

Exam 6: A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The retina

Pain may be elicited by thermal or chemical stimuli.

Vestibular information is important for all of the following except

Light must pass through several layers of retinal cells before reaching rods and cones.

Exposure to very loud noises can result in partial conductive deafness.

At the optic chiasm, the fibers in the lateral half of each optic nerve cross over.

Vitamin A deficiency causes

Complete each of the following statments. By ____________________, a stimulus of the same intensity does not elicit a receptor potential of the same magnitude.

Receptor potentials

Which of the following abnormalities could give rise to sensorineural deafness?

Complete each of the following statments. Myopia is another name for ____________________, whereas ____________________ is the name for a reduction in accommodative ability.

Prostaglandins suppress the sensitivity of nociceptors.

Transmission of sound through the middle ear results in

Which of the following structures contributes the most to the total refractive ability of the eye?

Select the structure that is not found inside the cochlear duct.

Cones have higher acuity than rods because

Afferent input that does not reach the conscious level is

The sclera is the most external layer of the eye and the choroid is the most internal layer of the eye.

Which of the following activities occurs in the presence of light within the phototransduction pathway?

Polymodal nociceptors

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

Complete each of the following statments. Myopia is another name for , whereas is the name for a reduction in accommodative ability.