Question 1

A neuron that is not connected to a postsynaptic cell will be unable to

Accepted Answer

A)  conduct a nerve impulse down its axon. 
B)  receive a nerve impulse. 
C)  undergo depolarization. 
D)  receive nourishment from a glial cell. 
E)  send a nerve impulse to another neuron. 
A)  conduct a nerve impulse down its axon. 
B)  receive a nerve impulse. 
C)  undergo depolarization. 
D)  receive nourishment from a glial cell. 
E)  send a nerve impulse to another neuron.

Question 2

Refer to the diagrams below.The top diagram shows a section through the cell layers of the human retina.The bottom diagram shows a section of a single ommatidium from an insect eye.Explain one way in which these two structures are similar and one way in which they are different.

Accepted Answer

They are similar in that both are light

Question 3

Brain-mapping studies of the star-nosed mole,which were conducted to determine the significance of its star-shaped nose,led to the discovery that the mole's sensory system

Accepted Answer

A)  is very simple,with no specific organization of sensory structures. 
B)  is complex but shows no localized or proportional organization. 
C)  shows localized,proportional organization that can be mapped to specific tentacles. 
D)  is complex,with many neurons devoted to sensory inputs but with no localized organization. 
E)  is complex with localized organization,although the size of brain region is not related to the complexity of sensory inputs. 
A)  is very simple,with no specific organization of sensory structures. 
B)  is complex but shows no localized or proportional organization. 
C)  shows localized,proportional organization that can be mapped to specific tentacles. 
D)  is complex,with many neurons devoted to sensory inputs but with no localized organization. 
E)  is complex with localized organization,although the size of brain region is not related to the complexity of sensory inputs.

Question 4

Give one example of an ionotropic receptor and one example of a metabotropic receptor.Explain briefly how their mechanisms of action differ.

Accepted Answer

Mechanoreceptors (such as stretch and to

Question 5

At an electrical synapse,how is the action potential able to move from one neuron to the next?

Accepted Answer

A)  The neuron cell membranes are connected by gap junctions. 
B)  A neurotransmitter carries the action potential across the synaptic cleft. 
C)  The electrical charge of the action potential jumps across the synaptic cleft. 
D)  A neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic neuron and generates a new action potential. 
E)  The electrical charge of the action potential bypasses presynaptic boutons and directly enters the synaptic cleft. 
A)  The neuron cell membranes are connected by gap junctions. 
B)  A neurotransmitter carries the action potential across the synaptic cleft. 
C)  The electrical charge of the action potential jumps across the synaptic cleft. 
D)  A neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic neuron and generates a new action potential. 
E)  The electrical charge of the action potential bypasses presynaptic boutons and directly enters the synaptic cleft.

Question 6

A current in a living cell is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  a flow of electrons. 
B)  a flow of ions in aqueous solution. 
C)  a flow of ions in membrane lipids. 
D)  attractions among positive ions. 
E)  attractions among negative ions. 
A)  a flow of electrons. 
B)  a flow of ions in aqueous solution. 
C)  a flow of ions in membrane lipids. 
D)  attractions among positive ions. 
E)  attractions among negative ions.

Question 7

A college student reads aloud to preschoolers at the local library.To do this,she must understand the words written in the book.This understanding is controlled by _______ area in the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A college student reads aloud to preschoolers...

Question 8

Following depolarization,which action is required to restore,or repolarize,the neural membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  A Na+-K+ pump returns ions to their original concentrations. 
B)  The neuron membrane becomes freely permeable to many ions. 
C)  Cl- channels open and Cl- ions rush inward through the membrane. 
D)  Na+ channels open and Na+ ions rush outward through the membrane. 
E)  K+ channels open and K+ ions rush outward through the membrane. 
A)  A Na+-K+ pump returns ions to their original concentrations. 
B)  The neuron membrane becomes freely permeable to many ions. 
C)  Cl- channels open and Cl- ions rush inward through the membrane. 
D)  Na+ channels open and Na+ ions rush outward through the membrane. 
E)  K+ channels open and K+ ions rush outward through the membrane.

Question 9

An action potential is generated when sufficient incoming signals are received by the dendrites to reach threshold.This action potential occurs at the _______ region of the neuron and results from the _______ of the signals.

Accepted Answer

A)  dendritic;spreading 
B)  cell body;spreading 
C)  cell body;integration 
D)  axon hillock;integration 
E)  presynaptic axon terminal;transmission 
A)  dendritic;spreading 
B)  cell body;spreading 
C)  cell body;integration 
D)  axon hillock;integration 
E)  presynaptic axon terminal;transmission

Question 10

A sensory receptor cell is specific to only one kind of stimulus because it

Accepted Answer

A)  encounters only one kind of stimulus. 
B)  has one specific type of receptor protein. 
C)  is located in a specific part of the body. 
D)  has only one type of cell membrane structure. 
E)  can only form a specific kind of action potential. 
A)  encounters only one kind of stimulus. 
B)  has one specific type of receptor protein. 
C)  is located in a specific part of the body. 
D)  has only one type of cell membrane structure. 
E)  can only form a specific kind of action potential.

Question 11

Refer to the diagram below.Explain the difference in membrane potentials in diagram A compared to diagram B.What is the significance of the last,largest potential in diagram B?

Accepted Answer

In diagram A,the potentials are variable

Exam 34: Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

A neuron that is not connected to a postsynaptic cell will be unable to

Refer to the diagrams below.The top diagram shows a section through the cell layers of the human retina.The bottom diagram shows a section of a single ommatidium from an insect eye.Explain one way in which these two structures are similar and one way in which they are different.

Brain-mapping studies of the star-nosed mole,which were conducted to determine the significance of its star-shaped nose,led to the discovery that the mole's sensory system

Give one example of an ionotropic receptor and one example of a metabotropic receptor.Explain briefly how their mechanisms of action differ.

At an electrical synapse,how is the action potential able to move from one neuron to the next?

A current in a living cell is based on

A college student reads aloud to preschoolers at the local library.To do this,she must understand the words written in the book.This understanding is controlled by _______ area in the brain.

Following depolarization,which action is required to restore,or repolarize,the neural membrane potential?

An action potential is generated when sufficient incoming signals are received by the dendrites to reach threshold.This action potential occurs at the _______ region of the neuron and results from the _______ of the signals.

A sensory receptor cell is specific to only one kind of stimulus because it

Refer to the diagram below.Explain the difference in membrane potentials in diagram A compared to diagram B.What is the significance of the last,largest potential in diagram B?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

An action potential is generated when sufficient incoming signals are received by the dendrites to reach threshold.This action potential occurs at the _ region of the neuron and results from the _ of the signals.