Question 1

Provide the major organic product in the reaction shown below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the major organic product in the...

Question 2

Typically, amides will hydrolyze under ________ conditions than esters.

Accepted Answer

A)  stronger 
B)  more dilute 
C)  milder 
D)  less vigorous 
E)  more saline 
A)  stronger 
B)  more dilute 
C)  milder 
D)  less vigorous 
E)  more saline

Question 3

What is the common name for the following carboxylic acid derivative?

Accepted Answer

A)  β-hydroxybutyronitrile 
B)  1-cyano-2-butanol 
C)  β-hydroxyvaleronitrile 
D)  γ-hydroxyvaleronitrile 
E)  2-hydroxypentane nitrile 
A)  β-hydroxybutyronitrile 
B)  1-cyano-2-butanol 
C)  β-hydroxyvaleronitrile 
D)  γ-hydroxyvaleronitrile 
E)  2-hydroxypentane nitrile

Question 4

Provide the major organic product in the reaction shown below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the major organic product in the...

Question 5

Provide the major organic product of the following reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the major organic product of the...

Question 6

Provide the structure of 3-oxobutanenitrile.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the structure of 3-oxobutanenitrile....

Question 7

The hydrolysis of esters, amides, and nitriles:

Accepted Answer

A)  can be carried out under acidic or basic conditions. 
B)  must be acid-catalyzed. 
C)  must be base-catalyzed. 
D)  should be carried out at pH 7.0 for optimum efficiency. 
E)  is not pH dependent. 
A)  can be carried out under acidic or basic conditions. 
B)  must be acid-catalyzed. 
C)  must be base-catalyzed. 
D)  should be carried out at pH 7.0 for optimum efficiency. 
E)  is not pH dependent.

Question 8

Cyclic amides are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  lactones. 
B)  lactams. 
C)  aminals. 
D)  animals. 
E)  imines. 
A)  lactones. 
B)  lactams. 
C)  aminals. 
D)  animals. 
E)  imines.

Question 9

Provide the structure of propanoic anhydride.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the structure of propanoic anhydride....

Question 10

Which of the following compounds is(are) hydrolyzed to butanoic acid upon heating in H2O, H2SO4?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethyl butanoate 
B)  butyl acetate 
C)  N-methylbutanamide 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  ethyl butanoate 
B)  butyl acetate 
C)  N-methylbutanamide 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 11

Predict the major product of the following reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Predict the major product of the following...

Question 12

Amides are less basic than amines because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the carbonyl group donates electrons by resonance. 
B)  the carbonyl group withdraws electrons by resonance. 
C)  the nitrogen does not have a lone pair of electrons. 
D)  the nitrogen has a full positive charge. 
E)  amides do not contain nitrogen. 
A)  the carbonyl group donates electrons by resonance. 
B)  the carbonyl group withdraws electrons by resonance. 
C)  the nitrogen does not have a lone pair of electrons. 
D)  the nitrogen has a full positive charge. 
E)  amides do not contain nitrogen.

Question 13

How might one obtain a significant quantity of a lactone even when the formation reaction has a positive DG?

Accepted Answer

This reaction can be driven by

Question 14

Predict the major product of the following reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Predict the major product of the following...

Question 15

Using ethanol as your only source of carbon compounds and using any other necessary inorganic reagents, propose a synthesis of acetonitrile.

Accepted Answer

Beginning with ethan

Question 16

What reagent is used to convert pentanamide to 1-pentanamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  POCl3 
B)  CuCN 
C)  CH3MgBr 
D)  SOCl2 
E)  LiAlH4 
A)  POCl3 
B)  CuCN 
C)  CH3MgBr 
D)  SOCl2 
E)  LiAlH4

Question 17

Using ethanol as your only source of carbon compounds and using any other necessary inorganic reagents, propose a synthesis of ethyl acetate.

Accepted Answer

Beginning with ethan

Question 18

Which of the following are strongly hydrogen bonded in the liquid phase?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitriles 
B)  esters 
C)  secondary amides 
D)  tertiary amides 
E)  acid chlorides 
A)  nitriles 
B)  esters 
C)  secondary amides 
D)  tertiary amides 
E)  acid chlorides

Question 19

Using the two key resonance structures for an ester, show how resonance stabilization is lost when an ester is attacked by a nucleophile.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using the two key resonance structures for...

Question 20

Provide the structure of o-bromobenzoyl chloride.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the structure of o-bromobenzoyl chloride....

Exam 21: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Provide the major organic product in the reaction shown below.

Typically, amides will hydrolyze under ________ conditions than esters.

What is the common name for the following carboxylic acid derivative?

Provide the major organic product in the reaction shown below.

Provide the major organic product of the following reaction.

Provide the structure of 3-oxobutanenitrile.

The hydrolysis of esters, amides, and nitriles:

Cyclic amides are called:

Provide the structure of propanoic anhydride.

Which of the following compounds is(are) hydrolyzed to butanoic acid upon heating in H2O, H2SO4?

Predict the major product of the following reaction.

Amides are less basic than amines because:

How might one obtain a significant quantity of a lactone even when the formation reaction has a positive DG?

Predict the major product of the following reaction.

Using ethanol as your only source of carbon compounds and using any other necessary inorganic reagents, propose a synthesis of acetonitrile.

What reagent is used to convert pentanamide to 1-pentanamine?

Using ethanol as your only source of carbon compounds and using any other necessary inorganic reagents, propose a synthesis of ethyl acetate.

Which of the following are strongly hydrogen bonded in the liquid phase?

Using the two key resonance structures for an ester, show how resonance stabilization is lost when an ester is attacked by a nucleophile.

Provide the structure of o-bromobenzoyl chloride.

Introduction and Review

Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules

Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes

The Study of Chemical Reactions

Stereochemistry

Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination

Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes

Reactions of Alkenes

Alkynes

Structure and Synthesis of Alcohols

Reactions of Alcohols

Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers

Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Aromatic Compounds

Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

Ketones and Aldehydes

Amines

Carboxylic Acids

Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carboxyl Compounds

Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Lipids

Synthetic Polymers

Filters

_{Cyclic amides are called:}

Which of the following compounds is(are) hydrolyzed to butanoic acid upon heating in H₂O, H₂SO₄?

_{Amides are less basic than amines because:}