Question 1

What are the four common ribonucleosides?

Accepted Answer

cytidine,

Question 2

Which of the following bond arrangements is not commonly found in naturally occurring disaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 1,4' link 
B)  a 1,6' link 
C)  a 1,1' link 
D)  a 1,5' link 
E)  both B and C 
A)  a 1,4' link 
B)  a 1,6' link 
C)  a 1,1' link 
D)  a 1,5' link 
E)  both B and C

Question 3

All naturally occurring sugars can be degraded to:

Accepted Answer

A)  D-(-)-glyceraldehyde. 
B)  D-(+)-glyceraldehyde. 
C)  L-(-)-glyceraldehyde. 
D)  L-(+)-glyceraldehyde. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  D-(-)-glyceraldehyde. 
B)  D-(+)-glyceraldehyde. 
C)  L-(-)-glyceraldehyde. 
D)  L-(+)-glyceraldehyde. 
E)  none of the above

Question 4

If two different aldoses form the same osazone, they are:

Accepted Answer

A)  C1 epimers. 
B)  C2 epimers. 
C)  C3 epimers. 
D)  anomers. 
E)  enantiomers. 
A)  C1 epimers. 
B)  C2 epimers. 
C)  C3 epimers. 
D)  anomers. 
E)  enantiomers.

Question 5

Draw the structure of D-glyceraldehyde.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure of D-glyceraldehyde....

Question 6

Cellulose and amylose are:

Accepted Answer

A)  1,4' linked polymers of D-glucose which differ in the stereochemistry of this linkage. 
B)  1,6' linked polymers of D-glucose which differ in the stereochemistry of this linkage. 
C)  polymers of D-glucose which are structurally isomeric. 
D)  polymers of D-galactose which are structurally isomeric. 
E)  synonyms for the only polymeric form of D-glucose. 
A)  1,4' linked polymers of D-glucose which differ in the stereochemistry of this linkage. 
B)  1,6' linked polymers of D-glucose which differ in the stereochemistry of this linkage. 
C)  polymers of D-glucose which are structurally isomeric. 
D)  polymers of D-galactose which are structurally isomeric. 
E)  synonyms for the only polymeric form of D-glucose.

Question 7

Cellobiose is composed of D-glucose units linked by:

Accepted Answer

A)  β-1,6' glycosidic bonds. 
B)  1,1' glycosidic bonds. 
C)  α-1,6' glycosidic bonds. 
D)  α-1,4' glycosidic bonds. 
E)  β-1,4' glycosidic bonds. 
A)  β-1,6' glycosidic bonds. 
B)  1,1' glycosidic bonds. 
C)  α-1,6' glycosidic bonds. 
D)  α-1,4' glycosidic bonds. 
E)  β-1,4' glycosidic bonds.

Question 8

Provide the Fischer projection of the open-chain form of the aldonic acid which results when L-glucose is treated with bromine water.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the Fischer projection of the open-chain...

Question 9

Provide the structure of deoxythymidine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the structure of deoxythymidine....

Question 10

Which of the following descriptions apply to both D-glucopyranose and L-galactopyranose? 
I. They are both ketoses
II. They are both aldoses
III. They are enantiomers of each other
IV. They are diastereomers of each other
V. They are epimers of each other

Accepted Answer

A)  I, III and V 
B)  II and III 
C)  I, IV and V 
D)  II and IV 
E)  II, IV and V 
A)  I, III and V 
B)  II and III 
C)  I, IV and V 
D)  II and IV 
E)  II, IV and V

Question 11

What D-aldopentose results when D-allose undergoes Ruff degradation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What D-aldopentose results when D-allose undergoes Ruff...

Question 12

Which of the following nitrogens of adenine connects to ribose to form a nucleoside?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 13

All chiral D-sugars rotate plane-polarized light:

Accepted Answer

A)  clockwise. 
B)  counterclockwise. 
C)  +20.0°. 
D)  in a direction that cannot be predicted but must be determined experimentally. 
E)  since they are optically inactive. 
A)  clockwise. 
B)  counterclockwise. 
C)  +20.0°. 
D)  in a direction that cannot be predicted but must be determined experimentally. 
E)  since they are optically inactive.

Question 14

Compound X is a cyclic six-carbon monosaccharide. In solution, X gives a positive Tollen's test. After X is treated with excess methyl iodide and silver oxide and the resulting material is hydrolized in H3O+, the product has a hydroxyl group only at the C5 position. What is the ring size in compound X?

Accepted Answer

Question 15

What two D-aldohexoses result when D-arabinose is subjected to the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis?

Accepted Answer

D-glucose

Question 16

Under what conditions is the methyl glycoside of galactose prepared?

Accepted Answer

CH₃OH, H⁺ (n

Question 17

What is the major organic product of the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the major organic product of...

Question 18

A pyranose with the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon pointing up in the Haworth structure is designated:

Accepted Answer

A) . a'. 
B) . b'. 
C)  α. 
D)  β. 
E)  γ. 
A) . a'. 
B) . b'. 
C)  α. 
D)  β. 
E)  γ.

Question 19

Provide the major organic product of the reaction shown below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the major organic product of the...

Question 20

The α and β anomers of a D-glucopyranose are related as:

Accepted Answer

A)  enantiomers. 
B)  meso compounds. 
C)  structural isomers. 
D)  epimers. 
E)  disaccharides. 
A)  enantiomers. 
B)  meso compounds. 
C)  structural isomers. 
D)  epimers. 
E)  disaccharides.

Exam 23: Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids

What are the four common ribonucleosides?

Which of the following bond arrangements is not commonly found in naturally occurring disaccharides?

All naturally occurring sugars can be degraded to:

If two different aldoses form the same osazone, they are:

Draw the structure of D-glyceraldehyde.

Cellulose and amylose are:

Cellobiose is composed of D-glucose units linked by:

Provide the Fischer projection of the open-chain form of the aldonic acid which results when L-glucose is treated with bromine water.

Provide the structure of deoxythymidine.

Which of the following descriptions apply to both D-glucopyranose and L-galactopyranose? I. They are both ketoses II. They are both aldoses III. They are enantiomers of each other IV. They are diastereomers of each other V. They are epimers of each other

What D-aldopentose results when D-allose undergoes Ruff degradation?

Which of the following nitrogens of adenine connects to ribose to form a nucleoside?

All chiral D-sugars rotate plane-polarized light:

What two D-aldohexoses result when D-arabinose is subjected to the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis?

Under what conditions is the methyl glycoside of galactose prepared?

What is the major organic product of the following reaction?

A pyranose with the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon pointing up in the Haworth structure is designated:

Provide the major organic product of the reaction shown below.

The α and β anomers of a D-glucopyranose are related as:

Introduction and Review

Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules

Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes

The Study of Chemical Reactions

Stereochemistry

Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination

Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes

Reactions of Alkenes

Alkynes

Structure and Synthesis of Alcohols

Reactions of Alcohols

Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers

Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Aromatic Compounds

Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

Ketones and Aldehydes

Amines

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carboxyl Compounds

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Lipids

Synthetic Polymers

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