Question 1

When D-(+)-allose is treated with bromine water, which of the following results?

Accepted Answer

A)  a racemic mixture of aldaric acids 
B)  an optically active aldaric acid 
C)  an optically inactive aldaric acid 
D)  an optically active aldonic acid 
E)  San optically inactive aldonic acid 
A)  a racemic mixture of aldaric acids 
B)  an optically active aldaric acid 
C)  an optically inactive aldaric acid 
D)  an optically active aldonic acid 
E)  San optically inactive aldonic acid

Question 2

Draw the Haworth structure of methyl α-D-xylofuranoside.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Haworth structure of methyl α-D-xylofuranoside....

Question 3

Which of the following correctly describes the structural relationship between D-gulose and L-gulose?

Accepted Answer

A)  diastereomers and epimers 
B)  diastereomers but not epimers 
C)  enantiomers 
D)  constitutional isomers 
E)  not isomers 
A)  diastereomers and epimers 
B)  diastereomers but not epimers 
C)  enantiomers 
D)  constitutional isomers 
E)  not isomers

Question 4

The structure of D-arabinose is shown below. Which of the following correctly describes the configurations of the asymmetric carbons in D-arabinose?

Accepted Answer

A)  2S, 3R, 4R 
B)  2R, 3S, 4S 
C)  2S, 3R, 4S 
D)  2R, 3S, 4R 
E)  2S, 3S, 4R 
A)  2S, 3R, 4R 
B)  2R, 3S, 4S 
C)  2S, 3R, 4S 
D)  2R, 3S, 4R 
E)  2S, 3S, 4R

Question 5

Ruff degradation of D-glucose followed by oxidation with nitric acid yields the same aldaric acid as does ________ when it is treated with nitric acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  D-lyxose 
B)  D-xylose 
C)  L-xylose 
D)  D-arabinose 
E)  L-arabinose 
A)  D-lyxose 
B)  D-xylose 
C)  L-xylose 
D)  D-arabinose 
E)  L-arabinose

Question 6

In the Fischer projection of D-(+)-glyceraldehyde, the hydroxyl group on the asymmetric carbon center is:

Accepted Answer

A)  on the bottom. 
B)  on the top. 
C)  at the left. 
D)  at the right. 
E)  present as a hemiacetal. 
A)  on the bottom. 
B)  on the top. 
C)  at the left. 
D)  at the right. 
E)  present as a hemiacetal.

Question 7

Show the hydrogen bonding which occurs when adenine and thymine form a base pair.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Show the hydrogen bonding which occurs when...

Question 8

Which of the following represents the correct structure of the secondary messenger or signal- transduction regulator called cAMP?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 9

Under what conditions is the methyl glycoside of galactose hydrolyzed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under what conditions is the methyl glycoside...

Question 10

Draw the Haworth structure of the α-pyranose form of the monosaccharide shown below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Haworth structure of the α-pyranose...

Question 11

Draw the Fischer projection for the open-chain form of D-erythrose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Fischer projection for the open-chain...

Question 12

An optically active D-aldopentose produced an optically active alditol upon treatment with NaBH4. When this aldopentose was subjected to a Ruff degradation, a D-aldotetrose was generated. This aldotetrose gave an optically active aldaric acid upon oxidation with HNO3. Use these data to provide the structure of the starting D-aldopentose.

Accepted Answer

Question 13

Reduction of a 2-ketohexose with NaBH4 yields:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single aldohexose. 
B)  a mixture of acetals. 
C)  a mixture of alditols. 
D)  a mixture of cyclic hemiacetals. 
E)  a single pyranose. 
A)  a single aldohexose. 
B)  a mixture of acetals. 
C)  a mixture of alditols. 
D)  a mixture of cyclic hemiacetals. 
E)  a single pyranose.

Question 14

The open-chain form of D-talose is shown below. Draw the chair form of methyl β-D-talopyranoside.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The open-chain form of D-talose is shown...

Question 15

When a monosaccharide reacts to give the pyranose form from its open-chain form, how many distinct pyranose forms are possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C) . 2n, where n is the number of carbons present 
D) . 4n + 2, where n is the number of carbons present 
E)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C) . 2n, where n is the number of carbons present 
D) . 4n + 2, where n is the number of carbons present 
E)  4

Question 16

How many asymmetric carbons are present in a-D-ribopyranose?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
E)  4 
A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
E)  4

Question 17

What is the outcome of the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  No Reaction 
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
A)  No Reaction 
B) 
  
C) 
  
D)

Question 18

Draw the Haworth structure of α-D-ribofuranose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Haworth structure of α-D-ribofuranose....

Question 19

What are the two most common unwanted side reactions which can occur when monosaccharides are treated with base?

Accepted Answer

A)  epimerization and enediol rearrangement 
B)  mutarotation and epimerization 
C)  enediol rearrangement and glycoside formation 
D)  Kiliani-Fischer and Ruff degradations 
E)  Ruff degradation and glycoside formation 
A)  epimerization and enediol rearrangement 
B)  mutarotation and epimerization 
C)  enediol rearrangement and glycoside formation 
D)  Kiliani-Fischer and Ruff degradations 
E)  Ruff degradation and glycoside formation

Question 20

An aglycone is a group bound to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the oxygen of C6 in a glycoside. 
B)  the anomeric carbon in a glycoside. 
C)  a pyrimidine base. 
D)  a purine base. 
E)  a xanthate. 
A)  the oxygen of C6 in a glycoside. 
B)  the anomeric carbon in a glycoside. 
C)  a pyrimidine base. 
D)  a purine base. 
E)  a xanthate.

Exam 23: Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids

When D-(+)-allose is treated with bromine water, which of the following results?

Draw the Haworth structure of methyl α-D-xylofuranoside.

Which of the following correctly describes the structural relationship between D-gulose and L-gulose?

The structure of D-arabinose is shown below. Which of the following correctly describes the configurations of the asymmetric carbons in D-arabinose?

Ruff degradation of D-glucose followed by oxidation with nitric acid yields the same aldaric acid as does ________ when it is treated with nitric acid.

In the Fischer projection of D-(+)-glyceraldehyde, the hydroxyl group on the asymmetric carbon center is:

Show the hydrogen bonding which occurs when adenine and thymine form a base pair.

Which of the following represents the correct structure of the secondary messenger or signal- transduction regulator called cAMP?

Under what conditions is the methyl glycoside of galactose hydrolyzed?

Draw the Haworth structure of the α-pyranose form of the monosaccharide shown below.

Draw the Fischer projection for the open-chain form of D-erythrose.

Reduction of a 2-ketohexose with NaBH4 yields:

The open-chain form of D-talose is shown below. Draw the chair form of methyl β-D-talopyranoside.

When a monosaccharide reacts to give the pyranose form from its open-chain form, how many distinct pyranose forms are possible?

How many asymmetric carbons are present in a-D-ribopyranose?

What is the outcome of the following reaction?

Draw the Haworth structure of α-D-ribofuranose.

What are the two most common unwanted side reactions which can occur when monosaccharides are treated with base?

An aglycone is a group bound to:

Introduction and Review

Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules

Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes

The Study of Chemical Reactions

Stereochemistry

Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination

Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes

Reactions of Alkenes

Alkynes

Structure and Synthesis of Alcohols

Reactions of Alcohols

Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers

Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Aromatic Compounds

Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

Ketones and Aldehydes

Amines

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carboxyl Compounds

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Lipids

Synthetic Polymers

Filters

_{When D-(+)-allose is treated with bromine water, which of the following results?}

_{Ruff degradation of D-glucose followed by oxidation with nitric acid yields the same aldaric acid as does ________ when it is treated with nitric acid.}

Reduction of a 2-ketohexose with NaBH_{4 yields:}

^{An aglycone is a group b}^{ound to:}