Exam 25: Lipids

Provide the major organic product of the following reaction.

Which of the following terms best describes the compound below?

What class of lipids functions to control blood pressure, inflammatory responses, and the clotting of blood?

Provide the major organic product of the following reaction sequence.

Phospholipids are generally produced from the phosphatidate core structure with a polar head modifying group such as choline. However, a phospholipid called sphingomyelin (see below) is found abundantly in brain and fast neurons. Circle and label all structural features of sphingomyelin which are different from lecithin.

What are the two major organic products which result when oleic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₇CH= CH(CH₂)₇CO₂H, is treated with ozone followed by dimethyl sulfide?

Provide the structure of isoprene.

Why do soaps work poorly in hard water?

Which of the following terms best describes the compound below?

What is an emulsion?

Which of the following structural features is not typically found in a prostaglandin?

Modify the phosphatidic acid below so that it becomes a lecithin.

The sodium or potassium salt of a fatty acid is known as a ________.

Which of the following terms best describes the interior of a soap micelle in water?

What is a micelle?

Geranial is shown below. How many isoprene units can be found in this compound?

β-carotene is a naturally occurring compound containing 40 carbon atoms which has a significant extended system of conjugated double bonds. This compound is also a terpene. How many isoprene units are present in β-carotene?

When spermaceti is heated in aqueous potassium hydroxide, CH₃(CH₂)₁₄CH₂OH and CH₃(CH₂)₁₄CO₂-K⁺ are formed. Provide the structure of spermaceti.

With which of the following reagents would linoleic acid not react?

Which packs more readily into a crystal lattice, tristearin or triolein? Explain.