Question 1

Dietary fiber promotes a healthy intestinal microflora in part by:

Accepted Answer

A) slowing the movement of food material in the gut. 
B) promoting the production of short chain fatty acids which provide metabolic fuel for colonic cells. 
C) decreasing the fluidity of the intestinal contents. 
D) producing natural antibiotics that kill pathogenic bacteria. 
A) slowing the movement of food material in the gut. 
B) promoting the production of short chain fatty acids which provide metabolic fuel for colonic cells. 
C) decreasing the fluidity of the intestinal contents. 
D) producing natural antibiotics that kill pathogenic bacteria.

Question 2

Which of the following nutrients is NOT added to enriched grains?

Accepted Answer

A) Thiamin 
B) Niacin 
C) Folate 
D) Vitamin E 
A) Thiamin 
B) Niacin 
C) Folate 
D) Vitamin E

Question 3

Identify the parts of a whole-grain kernel,and describe the nutrients that are found in each part.Then,describe the parts of the kernel that are used to produce white,enriched,"all-purpose" flour and identify the nutrients that would not be present in this flour.

Accepted Answer

Endosperm- starch,protein,some vitamins

Question 4

Sucrose is composed of:

Accepted Answer

A) many molecules of glucose linked together. 
B) two molecules of glucose. 
C) a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose. 
D) two molecules of fructose. 
A) many molecules of glucose linked together. 
B) two molecules of glucose. 
C) a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose. 
D) two molecules of fructose.

Question 5

Studies suggest that the incidence of colon cancer may be lowered with high fiber diets.How might this be explained?

Accepted Answer

A) Fiber decreases contact between mucosal cells and colonic contents. 
B) Fiber decreases transit time. 
C) Fiber containing foods are usually high in phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) Fiber decreases contact between mucosal cells and colonic contents. 
B) Fiber decreases transit time. 
C) Fiber containing foods are usually high in phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 6

The breakdown of dietary carbohydrates releases _____kcal/g of energy.

Accepted Answer

A) 9 
B) 4 
C) 7 
D) 2 
A) 9 
B) 4 
C) 7 
D) 2

Question 7

Which of the following types of diabetes is classified as an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Gestational 
B) Type 2 
C) Type 1 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) Gestational 
B) Type 2 
C) Type 1 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 8

The organ(s)which supplies enzymes required for starch digestion include(s)the:

Accepted Answer

A) stomach. 
B) gallbladder. 
C) pancreas. 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) stomach. 
B) gallbladder. 
C) pancreas. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 9

How may excess sorbitol in the diet cause diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

Sorbitol is a sugar alcohol us

Question 10

Treatment of diverticulitis usually includes:

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics and a temporary decrease in fiber intake. 
B) increasing fluid intake and antacids. 
C) insulin injections. 
D) exercise and weight loss. 
A) antibiotics and a temporary decrease in fiber intake. 
B) increasing fluid intake and antacids. 
C) insulin injections. 
D) exercise and weight loss.

Question 11

Aspartame:

Accepted Answer

A) is an artificial sweetener. 
B) consists of two amino acids linked together. 
C) is often found in soft drinks. 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) is an artificial sweetener. 
B) consists of two amino acids linked together. 
C) is often found in soft drinks. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

Aerobic metabolism occurs in:

Accepted Answer

A) the cytoplasm of a cell. 
B) the mitochondria of a cell. 
C) the nucleus of a cell. 
D) None of these choices is correct. 
A) the cytoplasm of a cell. 
B) the mitochondria of a cell. 
C) the nucleus of a cell. 
D) None of these choices is correct.

Question 13

Explain the phrase "carbohydrates spare body protein."

Accepted Answer

When carbohydrate is in short supply,die

Question 14

Dietary fiber can help reduce blood cholesterol levels by:

Accepted Answer

A) binding cholesterol and bile acids in the GI tract. 
B) blocking reabsorption of bile acids in the GI tract. 
C) inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver. 
D) All of the these choices are correct. 
A) binding cholesterol and bile acids in the GI tract. 
B) blocking reabsorption of bile acids in the GI tract. 
C) inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver. 
D) All of the these choices are correct.

Question 15

A diet high in dietary fiber can help reduce the risk of developing:

Accepted Answer

A) diverticular disease. 
B) anemia. 
C) Type 1 diabetes. 
D) lactose intolerance. 
A) diverticular disease. 
B) anemia. 
C) Type 1 diabetes. 
D) lactose intolerance.

Question 16

Sugar alcohols are:

Accepted Answer

A) derived from ethyl alcohol. 
B) a combination of amino acids. 
C) produced from oleic acid. 
D) structurally similar to dietary sugars. 
A) derived from ethyl alcohol. 
B) a combination of amino acids. 
C) produced from oleic acid. 
D) structurally similar to dietary sugars.

Question 17

Which of the following sequences represents a monosaccharide followed by a disaccharide followed by a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) fructose,sucrose,starch 
B) lactose,glucose,dietary fiber 
C) glucose,maltose,lactose 
D) galactose,glycogen,starch 
A) fructose,sucrose,starch 
B) lactose,glucose,dietary fiber 
C) glucose,maltose,lactose 
D) galactose,glycogen,starch

Question 18

The structure of glycogen consists of:

Accepted Answer

A) highly branched chains. 
B) straight chains. 
C) short chains linked together. 
D) two monosaccharide units. 
A) highly branched chains. 
B) straight chains. 
C) short chains linked together. 
D) two monosaccharide units.

Exam 4: Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and Fiber

Dietary fiber promotes a healthy intestinal microflora in part by:

Which of the following nutrients is NOT added to enriched grains?

Identify the parts of a whole-grain kernel,and describe the nutrients that are found in each part.Then,describe the parts of the kernel that are used to produce white,enriched,"all-purpose" flour and identify the nutrients that would not be present in this flour.

Sucrose is composed of:

Studies suggest that the incidence of colon cancer may be lowered with high fiber diets.How might this be explained?

The breakdown of dietary carbohydrates releases _____kcal/g of energy.

Which of the following types of diabetes is classified as an autoimmune disease?

The organ(s)which supplies enzymes required for starch digestion include(s)the:

How may excess sorbitol in the diet cause diarrhea?

Treatment of diverticulitis usually includes:

Aspartame:

Aerobic metabolism occurs in:

Explain the phrase "carbohydrates spare body protein."

Dietary fiber can help reduce blood cholesterol levels by:

A diet high in dietary fiber can help reduce the risk of developing:

Sugar alcohols are:

Which of the following sequences represents a monosaccharide followed by a disaccharide followed by a polysaccharide?

The structure of glycogen consists of:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, absorption, and Metabolism

Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitamin/Nonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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