Question 1

Discuss possible health outcomes associated with chronic high intake of refined carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

Refined carbohydrates have been linked t

Question 2

Which of the following statements about glycogen is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Glycogen is a storage form of carbohydrate in humans and animals. 
B) Glycogen is composed of many glucose molecules. 
C) Glycogen is made and stored in liver and muscle. 
D) The primary role of muscle glycogen is to maintain blood glucose levels. 
A) Glycogen is a storage form of carbohydrate in humans and animals. 
B) Glycogen is composed of many glucose molecules. 
C) Glycogen is made and stored in liver and muscle. 
D) The primary role of muscle glycogen is to maintain blood glucose levels.

Question 3

A 2000 calorie diet in which carbohydrate provides 50% of the calories would provide how many grams of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A) 140 
B) 200 
C) 250 
D) 400 
A) 140 
B) 200 
C) 250 
D) 400

Question 4

Which of the following is true of colon cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) High fiber and whole grain intake may reduce the risk. 
B) Changes in DNA underlie the development of colonic tumors. 
C) Environmental carcinogens are thought to cause many cancers. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) High fiber and whole grain intake may reduce the risk. 
B) Changes in DNA underlie the development of colonic tumors. 
C) Environmental carcinogens are thought to cause many cancers. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 5

Fructose is found mostly in:

Accepted Answer

A) dairy products. 
B) grains and cereals. 
C) meat. 
D) fruits and vegetables. 
A) dairy products. 
B) grains and cereals. 
C) meat. 
D) fruits and vegetables.

Question 6

What are dietary approaches to treat constipation?

Accepted Answer

Increasing insoluble fiber and water int

Question 7

Describe changes in protein and fatty acid metabolism that occur when dietary carbohydrates are very low.

Accepted Answer

Proteins are broken down to release gluc

Question 8

One possible adverse effect of excessive fiber consumption is:

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in blood cholesterol. 
B) decreased absorption of calcium and iron. 
C) increased incidence of colon cancer. 
D) increased incidence of diverticulosis. 
A) an increase in blood cholesterol. 
B) decreased absorption of calcium and iron. 
C) increased incidence of colon cancer. 
D) increased incidence of diverticulosis.

Question 9

Describe in detail the metabolic breakdown of glucose to produce ATP.

Accepted Answer

The first step,glycolysis,is anaerobic a

Question 10

Carbohydrates provide 60% of the energy in John's diet of 2700 kilocalories.This represents how many grams of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 225 
C) 300 
D) 405 
A) 100 
B) 225 
C) 300 
D) 405

Question 11

Lactose intolerance is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A) excess production of the enzyme lactase. 
B) an allergic reaction to proteins found in milk and milk products. 
C) inadequate production of the enzyme lactase. 
D) the inability to produce the hormone insulin. 
A) excess production of the enzyme lactase. 
B) an allergic reaction to proteins found in milk and milk products. 
C) inadequate production of the enzyme lactase. 
D) the inability to produce the hormone insulin.

Question 12

Which of the following conditions is likely to increase ketone production?

Accepted Answer

A) Untreated diabetes 
B) Starvation 
C) A very low carbohydrate diet 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) Untreated diabetes 
B) Starvation 
C) A very low carbohydrate diet 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

Why would cold pasta salad have a lower glycemic response than a hot pasta dish with similar ingredients?

Accepted Answer

Cold pasta contains resistant starch,whi

Question 14

Which of the following is the best source of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 scrambled eggs 
B) 1 small doughnut 
C) A 4 ounce salmon filet 
D) 1 cup of broccoli 
A) 2 scrambled eggs 
B) 1 small doughnut 
C) A 4 ounce salmon filet 
D) 1 cup of broccoli

Question 15

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that:

Accepted Answer

A) splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. 
B) generates glucose from glucogenic amino acids. 
C) synthesizes glycogen. 
D) creates glucose molecules from glycogen. 
A) splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. 
B) generates glucose from glucogenic amino acids. 
C) synthesizes glycogen. 
D) creates glucose molecules from glycogen.

Question 16

Which hormone is most important for glucose uptake by body cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucagon 
B) Insulin 
C) Prolactin 
D) Ghrelin 
A) Glucagon 
B) Insulin 
C) Prolactin 
D) Ghrelin

Question 17

Carbohydrates promote dental caries by which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Sugar promotes the growth of bacteria that breakdown enamel. 
B) Bacteria metabolize carbohydrate to form acids,which break down enamel. 
C) Carbohydrates stick to teeth,preventing the removal of plaque. 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) Sugar promotes the growth of bacteria that breakdown enamel. 
B) Bacteria metabolize carbohydrate to form acids,which break down enamel. 
C) Carbohydrates stick to teeth,preventing the removal of plaque. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Of the following foods,___________ is the best dietary source of resistant starch.

Accepted Answer

A) apples 
B) chilled,cooked potatoes 
C) whole grain bread 
D) oatmeal 
A) apples 
B) chilled,cooked potatoes 
C) whole grain bread 
D) oatmeal

Question 19

___________ can be a concern for individuals with phenylketonuria.

Accepted Answer

A) Aspartame 
B) Saccharin 
C) Acesulfame K 
D) Neotame 
A) Aspartame 
B) Saccharin 
C) Acesulfame K 
D) Neotame

Question 20

What are the symptoms associated with lactose intolerance? Explain why these symptoms occur.

Accepted Answer

Abdominal distension,flatulence,cramping

Exam 4: Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and Fiber

Discuss possible health outcomes associated with chronic high intake of refined carbohydrates.

Which of the following statements about glycogen is FALSE?

A 2000 calorie diet in which carbohydrate provides 50% of the calories would provide how many grams of carbohydrate?

Which of the following is true of colon cancer?

Fructose is found mostly in:

What are dietary approaches to treat constipation?

Describe changes in protein and fatty acid metabolism that occur when dietary carbohydrates are very low.

One possible adverse effect of excessive fiber consumption is:

Describe in detail the metabolic breakdown of glucose to produce ATP.

Carbohydrates provide 60% of the energy in John's diet of 2700 kilocalories.This represents how many grams of carbohydrate?

Lactose intolerance is caused by:

Which of the following conditions is likely to increase ketone production?

Why would cold pasta salad have a lower glycemic response than a hot pasta dish with similar ingredients?

Which of the following is the best source of dietary fiber?

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that:

Which hormone is most important for glucose uptake by body cells?

Carbohydrates promote dental caries by which of the following mechanisms?

Of the following foods,___________ is the best dietary source of resistant starch.

___________ can be a concern for individuals with phenylketonuria.

What are the symptoms associated with lactose intolerance? Explain why these symptoms occur.

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, absorption, and Metabolism

Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitamin/Nonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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