Exam 14: Ancient Mediterranean Worlds

In Egyptian art, the convention of representing social importance by size-for example, where the pharaoh is shown much larger than his subjects-is known as:

Compare and contrast the functions and themes of art in the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations. Analyze the reasons for the differences and similarities between them.

A true arch was developed by ________ architects long before the Romans came up with the idea.

The portrait bust of __________ is presented in a naturalistic and elegant style that is timeless.

To compensate for the natural visual distortion in which tall columns appear to bend inward, the Greeks gave them a slight bulge, which is known as:

The most notable example of Neolithic architecture in Europe is:

Although bronze was the favored material for freestanding sculpture in Greece, most bronze statues have not survived because:

Under the reign of ________, a new, more naturalistic style of Egyptian art developed.

Consider the Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut, the Ishtar Gate, and the Parthenon. Discuss each in terms of the purpose for which it was intended. Also discuss differences in the style and structural system in which each work was made.

Consider the Riace Warrior A, the Aphrodite of Melos, and the marble kouros figure of c. 580 B.C.E. Identify the cultures in which these works were made and describe how each of the works depicts the human figure. How did their sculptors use design elements and principles in each work? How do the differences in these works exemplify the changing perceptions of the idealized human form? Drawing on Egyptian stylistic presentation of the body, the Greek Archaic period produced stiff, rectangular-shaped frontal figures, symmetrically balanced with a degree of naturalism. Sculptures were typically of young males called kouros. The Greek concern with lifelike representation is evident in the Classical style of a bronze statue, Warrior A, an idealized, virile male body, a form distilled from athletic physiques. The sculpture exhibits negative spatial areas, and the body presents the distinctive contrapposto pose, which sets the line dynamic in a gentle S-shaped curve through a play of opposites. As the spread of Greek culture moved eastward, sculpture developed in several stylistic directions, one being a continuing classical style as seen in the Aphrodite of Melos, emphasizing symmetrical balance and restraint in a closed sculptural form.

The bronze head of an Akkadian ruler is a rare example of ________ in ancient art.

Explain the new technologies of the Neolithic era that caused changes in human life and led to the development of civilization.

The sculpture Akhenaten and His Family is an example of the ________ technique.

The mummy of Artemidoros, from Fayum, shows the influence of the ________ culture(s).

Consider the fragment of a wall painting from the tomb of Nebamun and the Toreador fresco. Identify the cultures that produced these two works. How are the works different in style and intent?