Exam 21: Cariology and Caries Management

Remineralization is caused by the caries process.This process occurs when,in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates,specific microorganisms produce organic acids that are capable of dissolving the inorganic components from the enamel and dentin.

Which of the following recommendations are appropriate for a 15 year old with a low caries risk who resides in a nonfluoridated community?

Which of the following dietary practices concerning sugars and refined carbohydrates correlates with the highest caries risk?

A white spot lesion on a smooth surface is an example of a disease indicator.Adequate saliva flow is considered a risk factor for caries.

Caries is a process that,if identified in the early stages,is reversible by remineralization of the affected area.When cavitation or a break in the enamel occurs,remineralization is no longer feasible and restorative treatment is indicated.

The acidic environment causes a drop in the pH in the oral cavity,which results in a loss of calcium and phosphate from which crystals of the enamel surfaces?

The four primary factors implicated in the development of a carious lesion are: a susceptible host tooth,acidogenic microorganisms,available fermentable carbohydrate substrate,and

Minimal intervention dentistry incorporates which of the following?

Patients at high risk for caries need to retain higher fluoride reservoirs.Dental hygienists should advise caries-prone individuals to spit out remaining toothpaste when brushing their teeth and avoid rinsing with water.

Which of the following bacteria is MOST commonly involved in the caries process?

The dental caries disease process is dynamic in nature.Therefore,the patient has no need to be assessed frequently to evaluate and monitor disease activity.

These microorganisms tend to suppress or displace other acidogenic bacteria due to the low pH and are one of the most acid tolerant of the cariogenic microorganisms.

Which option promotes greater bacterial adhesion to the tooth and adds mass to the biofilm?

To initiate enamel demineralization,the pH must drop to approximately

What elements dissociate from the tooth surface during the demineralization process?

Factors that determine outcome by interacting with each other are termed

Which of the following microorganisms primarily secretes lactic acid?

__________is the study of dental caries and ____________is the development of caries.

Caries management by risk assessment can be defined as

One factor that is essential for dental caries to occur is