Question 1

Select three items associated with hand instrument selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  The purpose of the instrument 
B)  Uniformity of all instruments to promote efficiency and effectiveness 
C)  Heaviness,which allows the hygienist to use necessary force 
D)  Textured handle to enhance stability 
E)  A cutting edge that stays sharp 
A)  The purpose of the instrument 
B)  Uniformity of all instruments to promote efficiency and effectiveness 
C)  Heaviness,which allows the hygienist to use necessary force 
D)  Textured handle to enhance stability 
E)  A cutting edge that stays sharp A,D,E

Question 2

A sharper working edge on an instrument may be related to reduced hand fatigue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Stretching in the operatory or workplace improves range of motion within and around joints.Stretching improves circulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. A

Question 4

A dental hygiene student complaining of back pain,who leans too forward when treating patients,may find relief to create an anteverted pelvis by

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing the operator chair height to place the hips slightly higher than the knees 
B)  Keeping the lower belly in and up to decrease the pressure on the spine and relax hips 
C)  Moving around the patient in all clock positions to change the angle of the hips 
D)  Standing to open the pelvis,placing it directly over the hips and lower extremities 
A)  Increasing the operator chair height to place the hips slightly higher than the knees 
B)  Keeping the lower belly in and up to decrease the pressure on the spine and relax hips 
C)  Moving around the patient in all clock positions to change the angle of the hips 
D)  Standing to open the pelvis,placing it directly over the hips and lower extremities

Question 5

Which musculoskeletal disorder is a dental hygienist most at risk for developing if he repeatedly reaches across the patient chair to the keyboard when entering probe depths?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carpal tunnel syndrome 
B)  De Quervain's syndrome 
C)  Myofascial pain syndrome 
D)  Thoracic outlet syndrome 
A)  Carpal tunnel syndrome 
B)  De Quervain's syndrome 
C)  Myofascial pain syndrome 
D)  Thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 6

Customized loupes/magnification increase field size.Customized loupes/magnification decrease brightness.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 7

Exercising and stretching outside of the operatory is vital in prevention of stress and musculoskeletal disorders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A dental professional experiencing back pain usually sits with her thighs parallel to the floor instead of a slight angle,placing the pelvis in which of the following positions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anteverted,causing the spine to elongate 
B)  Forward,extending the tailbone posteriorly 
C)  Rolled back,because the low back is flattened 
D)  Too far anterior,causing muscle contraction 
A)  Anteverted,causing the spine to elongate 
B)  Forward,extending the tailbone posteriorly 
C)  Rolled back,because the low back is flattened 
D)  Too far anterior,causing muscle contraction

Question 9

Prior to beginning work for the day,a dental hygienist performing a wrist flexor stretch can enhance the stretch by

Accepted Answer

A)  Extending fingers toward the inside of the wrist 
B)  Extending fingers toward the ceiling 
C)  Making a fist while flexing the wrist 
D)  Straightening the arm parallel to the floor 
A)  Extending fingers toward the inside of the wrist 
B)  Extending fingers toward the ceiling 
C)  Making a fist while flexing the wrist 
D)  Straightening the arm parallel to the floor

Question 10

Which statement best describes the goal of instrument choice for the clinician?

Accepted Answer

A)  Choose a variety of instrument handle sizes and textures to distribute muscle activity. 
B)  Choose instrument handles that are hollow or resin to reduce hand fatigue. 
C)  Reduce force exertion while maintaining the hand and wrist in neutral position. 
D)  Use automated instruments as often as possible to prevent repetitive motions. 
A)  Choose a variety of instrument handle sizes and textures to distribute muscle activity. 
B)  Choose instrument handles that are hollow or resin to reduce hand fatigue. 
C)  Reduce force exertion while maintaining the hand and wrist in neutral position. 
D)  Use automated instruments as often as possible to prevent repetitive motions.

Question 11

What is the best positioning adjustment for the clinician or patient chair to prevent bending the back and craning the neck when working on the lower anterior teeth of a large patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Position patient so the patient's chin is parallel to the floor. 
B)  Stand up to perform dentistry with the patient in a supine position. 
C)  Use a saddle chair to move close to the patient. 
D)  Wear loupes with a headlight to increase illumination. 
A)  Position patient so the patient's chin is parallel to the floor. 
B)  Stand up to perform dentistry with the patient in a supine position. 
C)  Use a saddle chair to move close to the patient. 
D)  Wear loupes with a headlight to increase illumination.

Question 12

A dental hygiene student begins experiencing headaches in his face,especially the eye and nose area.The student wears through-the-lens loupes with a headlight.What factor is most likely contributing to the headaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Headlight illumination is low. 
B)  Headlight illumination is too narrow. 
C)  Headlight is too large. 
D)  Headlight weighs too much. 
A)  Headlight illumination is low. 
B)  Headlight illumination is too narrow. 
C)  Headlight is too large. 
D)  Headlight weighs too much.

Question 13

A dental hygiene student practicing yoga will improve spinal alignment and posture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Magnification loupes may help prevent musculoskeletal disorders by creating a shorter working distance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A dental hygienist suffering from fatigue and discomfort when working with patients should participate in a study of

Accepted Answer

A)  Ergonomics 
B)  Dynamic sitting 
C)  Musculoskeletal disorders 
D)  Myofascial pain 
A)  Ergonomics 
B)  Dynamic sitting 
C)  Musculoskeletal disorders 
D)  Myofascial pain

Question 16

A dental hygienist is experiencing pain in the neck and back.Identify an additional symptom that would most likely suggest a diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome rather than rotator cuff problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pain in the arm 
B)  Pain in the shoulder 
C)  Swelling in the arm 
D)  Swelling in the shoulder 
A)  Pain in the arm 
B)  Pain in the shoulder 
C)  Swelling in the arm 
D)  Swelling in the shoulder

Question 17

What is the best positioning adjustment a dental hygienist can make to decrease low back pain and aid in a more "operator friendly" body position when treating a patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alternate between sitting and standing. 
B)  Employ a neutral sitting position. 
C)  Maintain a straight back with neutral head. 
D)  Utilize properly fitted loupes. 
A)  Alternate between sitting and standing. 
B)  Employ a neutral sitting position. 
C)  Maintain a straight back with neutral head. 
D)  Utilize properly fitted loupes.

Question 18

It is important for both dental hygiene students and most experienced clinicians to perform hand-strengthening exercises on a regular basis to manage instruments effectively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A dental hygienist who sits on the edge of the operator stool will maintain pelvic and spinal alignment which may help prevent musculoskeletal disorders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Ergonomics

Select three items associated with hand instrument selection.

A sharper working edge on an instrument may be related to reduced hand fatigue.

Stretching in the operatory or workplace improves range of motion within and around joints.Stretching improves circulation.

A dental hygiene student complaining of back pain,who leans too forward when treating patients,may find relief to create an anteverted pelvis by

Which musculoskeletal disorder is a dental hygienist most at risk for developing if he repeatedly reaches across the patient chair to the keyboard when entering probe depths?

Customized loupes/magnification increase field size.Customized loupes/magnification decrease brightness.

Exercising and stretching outside of the operatory is vital in prevention of stress and musculoskeletal disorders.

A dental professional experiencing back pain usually sits with her thighs parallel to the floor instead of a slight angle,placing the pelvis in which of the following positions?

Prior to beginning work for the day,a dental hygienist performing a wrist flexor stretch can enhance the stretch by

Which statement best describes the goal of instrument choice for the clinician?

What is the best positioning adjustment for the clinician or patient chair to prevent bending the back and craning the neck when working on the lower anterior teeth of a large patient?

A dental hygiene student begins experiencing headaches in his face,especially the eye and nose area.The student wears through-the-lens loupes with a headlight.What factor is most likely contributing to the headaches?

A dental hygiene student practicing yoga will improve spinal alignment and posture.

Magnification loupes may help prevent musculoskeletal disorders by creating a shorter working distance.

A dental hygienist suffering from fatigue and discomfort when working with patients should participate in a study of

A dental hygienist is experiencing pain in the neck and back.Identify an additional symptom that would most likely suggest a diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome rather than rotator cuff problems.

What is the best positioning adjustment a dental hygienist can make to decrease low back pain and aid in a more "operator friendly" body position when treating a patient?

It is important for both dental hygiene students and most experienced clinicians to perform hand-strengthening exercises on a regular basis to manage instruments effectively.

A dental hygienist who sits on the edge of the operator stool will maintain pelvic and spinal alignment which may help prevent musculoskeletal disorders.

Dental Hygiene As a Profession

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Communication Skills

Health Education and Promotion

Immunology and the Oral Systemic Link

Evidence-Based Care

Exposure and Infection Control

Comprehensive Medical and Oral Health History

Assessment Instruments

Extraoral and Intraoral Examination

The Periodontal Examination

Hard Tissue Examination

Biofilm,calculus,and Stain

Indices

Radiology

Dietary Assessment and Nutritional Counseling

Risk Assessment

Dental Hygiene Diagnosis,treatment Plan,documentation,and Case Presentation

Devices

Dentifrices and Mouthrinses

Cariology and Caries Management

Sealants

Prostheses and Appliances,therapeutic Treatment

Power Scaling

Instrumentation Principles and Techniques

Nonsurgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy

Management of Dentin Hypersensitivity

Polishing

Esthetics

Dental Fear and Anxiety Management

Nitrous Oxideoxygen Sedation

Local Anesthesia

Evaluation

Maintenance

Introduction to Special Needs

Cardiovascular Disease

Respiratory

Sensory Disability: Vision and Hearing Impairment

Mental Health

Neurological Impairments

Endocrine System

Immune System

Hematological Considerations

Cancer

Pediatric Patient

Mens and Womens Health Issues

The Elderly

Physical Impairment

Alternative Practice Settings

Dental and Medical Emergencies

Practice Management

Career Development

Lifelong Learning

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