Question 1

Balance the following reaction:
____ NADPH + ____ H+ + ____ ATP + ____ CO2 + 12 H2 O → C6H12O6 + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi

Accepted Answer

A)  6; 6; 18; 6 
B)  12; 12; 18; 3 
C)  6; 6; 12; 6 
D)  12; 12; 18; 6 
E)  6; 6; 12; 3 
A)  6; 6; 18; 6 
B)  12; 12; 18; 3 
C)  6; 6; 12; 6 
D)  12; 12; 18; 6 
E)  6; 6; 12; 3 D

Question 2

The general flow of electrons in plant photosynthesis is from PSII to PSI. Which of the following correctly explains the events that occur during this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  The oxidation of water occurs at PSI with the electrons being passed to ferredoxin to reduce NADP+. 
B)  Protons are pumped into the lumen at PSII during water reduction and also by the cytochrome bf complex allowing for ATP synthesis to occur. 
C)  A cyclic flow of electrons is created between ferredoxin, cytochrome bf complex, and PSI that allows for the production of NADPH without the generation of ATP. 
D)  For each electron removed from a water molecule, 2 photons are required to transfer it to ferredoxin. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  The oxidation of water occurs at PSI with the electrons being passed to ferredoxin to reduce NADP+. 
B)  Protons are pumped into the lumen at PSII during water reduction and also by the cytochrome bf complex allowing for ATP synthesis to occur. 
C)  A cyclic flow of electrons is created between ferredoxin, cytochrome bf complex, and PSI that allows for the production of NADPH without the generation of ATP. 
D)  For each electron removed from a water molecule, 2 photons are required to transfer it to ferredoxin. 
E)  None of the above D

Question 3

How is photorespiration avoided in C-4 plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the concentration of phosphoglycolate. 
B)  carry carbon dioxide towards an oxygen rich area of the plant. 
C)  increase the concentration of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. 
D)  transport of carbon dioxide from the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheath cells. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  decrease the concentration of phosphoglycolate. 
B)  carry carbon dioxide towards an oxygen rich area of the plant. 
C)  increase the concentration of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. 
D)  transport of carbon dioxide from the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheath cells. 
E)  none of the above. D

Question 4

What purpose do the Calvin cycle enzymes serve?​

Accepted Answer

​
The Calvin cycle enzymes serve three i

Question 5

Cyclic photophosphorylation takes place when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is not enough light to activate the PSII complex. 
B)  NADPH is high, therefore energy is used to drive the citrate cycle. 
C)  ferredoxin is used to reduce the Mn-cluster. 
D)  the proton gradient is not high enough to go all the way through the system. 
E)  NADPH/NADP+ ratio is high, energy is used in generating ATP. 
A)  there is not enough light to activate the PSII complex. 
B)  NADPH is high, therefore energy is used to drive the citrate cycle. 
C)  ferredoxin is used to reduce the Mn-cluster. 
D)  the proton gradient is not high enough to go all the way through the system. 
E)  NADPH/NADP+ ratio is high, energy is used in generating ATP.

Question 6

Properties of photosystem II (PSII) include all EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  light-driven O2 evolution. 
B)  similar photosystem in photosynthetic bacteria. 
C)  use quinines as terminal electron acceptors. 
D)  found in cyanobacteria, green algae and higher plants. 
E)  all are true. 
A)  light-driven O2 evolution. 
B)  similar photosystem in photosynthetic bacteria. 
C)  use quinines as terminal electron acceptors. 
D)  found in cyanobacteria, green algae and higher plants. 
E)  all are true.

Question 7

What type of enzyme catalyzes the reaction?
Erythrose-4-P + dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) ⇔ sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate

Accepted Answer

A)  isomerase 
B)  aldolase 
C)  transaldolase 
D)  transketolase 
E)  mutase 
A)  isomerase 
B)  aldolase 
C)  transaldolase 
D)  transketolase 
E)  mutase

Question 8

All are true for cyclic photophosphorylation EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen is evolved. 
B)  utilizes cyt b6 of cyt f/cyt b6 complex. 
C)  does not utilize ferredoxin. 
D)  PS I is involved. 
E)  all are true. 
A)  oxygen is evolved. 
B)  utilizes cyt b6 of cyt f/cyt b6 complex. 
C)  does not utilize ferredoxin. 
D)  PS I is involved. 
E)  all are true.

Question 9

All are contained by chloroplasts EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoid membrane. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  DNA and RNA. 
D)  stroma. 
E)  all are true. 
A)  thylakoid membrane. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  DNA and RNA. 
D)  stroma. 
E)  all are true.

Question 10

All are properties of both the P700 and P680 reaction centers EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  contain chlorophyll dimers. 
B)  are electron donors. 
C)  are activated by visible light. 
D)  are involved in light-driven O2 evolution. 
E)  all are properties. 
A)  contain chlorophyll dimers. 
B)  are electron donors. 
C)  are activated by visible light. 
D)  are involved in light-driven O2 evolution. 
E)  all are properties.

Question 11

The light reactions in photosynthetic plants:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce water to oxygen with the production of NADPH 
B)  use NADP+ to oxidize water to oxygen, thus forming NADPH 
C)  produce ATP and NADPH during cyclic photophosphorylation. 
D)  involve the splitting of two water molecules to produce molecular oxygen. 
E)  uses photons of visible light to effect the reduction of water to oxygen 
A)  reduce water to oxygen with the production of NADPH 
B)  use NADP+ to oxidize water to oxygen, thus forming NADPH 
C)  produce ATP and NADPH during cyclic photophosphorylation. 
D)  involve the splitting of two water molecules to produce molecular oxygen. 
E)  uses photons of visible light to effect the reduction of water to oxygen

Question 12

The reaction of photosynthesis whereby light energy is transduced into chemical energy uses ____ as a source of carbon, and produces ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2; hexose 
B)  hexose; CO2 
C)  acetyl CoA; hexose 
D)  CO2; acetyl CoA 
E)  none of the above 
A)  CO2; hexose 
B)  hexose; CO2 
C)  acetyl CoA; hexose 
D)  CO2; acetyl CoA 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

The essence of photosynthesis is the photochemical event which is:

Accepted Answer

A)  conversion of H2O to O2. 
B)  reduction of NADP+. 
C)  phosphorylation of ADP. 
D)  light energy transduction to chemical energy. 
E)  fixation of CO2. 
A)  conversion of H2O to O2. 
B)  reduction of NADP+. 
C)  phosphorylation of ADP. 
D)  light energy transduction to chemical energy. 
E)  fixation of CO2.

Question 14

Characteristics of the chloroplast's ATP synthase include all EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  contains CF1CF0 complex. 
B)  heteromultimer of subunits. 
C)  imbedded in the thylakoid membrane. 
D)  has 14 c-subunits in its F0 rotor. 
E)  all are true. 
A)  contains CF1CF0 complex. 
B)  heteromultimer of subunits. 
C)  imbedded in the thylakoid membrane. 
D)  has 14 c-subunits in its F0 rotor. 
E)  all are true.

Question 15

Chloroplasts consist of a folded inner membrane called the ____, which is organized into paired folds called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoid membrane; stroma 
B)  lamellae; thylakoid membrane 
C)  thylakoid membrane; lamellae 
D)  stroma; thylakoid membrane 
E)  lamellae; stroma 
A)  thylakoid membrane; stroma 
B)  lamellae; thylakoid membrane 
C)  thylakoid membrane; lamellae 
D)  stroma; thylakoid membrane 
E)  lamellae; stroma

Question 16

The proton-motive force is composed of a ____ and a ____, and in photophosphorylation the ____ is greater.

Accepted Answer

A)  pH gradient; ATP/H+ ratio; ATP/ H+ ratio 
B)  ATP/ H+ ratio; ion equilibrium; ion equilibrium 
C)  membrane potential; pH gradient; membrane potential 
D)  membrane potential; pH gradient; pH gradient 
E)  ATP/ H+ ratio; membrane potential; membrane potential 
A)  pH gradient; ATP/H+ ratio; ATP/ H+ ratio 
B)  ATP/ H+ ratio; ion equilibrium; ion equilibrium 
C)  membrane potential; pH gradient; membrane potential 
D)  membrane potential; pH gradient; pH gradient 
E)  ATP/ H+ ratio; membrane potential; membrane potential

Question 17

____ and ____ are produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis which are used to convert ____ to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP; NADPH; carbon dioxide; sugar 
B)  oxygen; ATP; NADPH; carbon dioxide 
C)  ATP; NADP+; carbon dioxide; sugar 
D)  oxygen; NADPH; ATP; sugar 
E)  NADPH; ATP; sugar; carbon dioxide 
A)  ATP; NADPH; carbon dioxide; sugar 
B)  oxygen; ATP; NADPH; carbon dioxide 
C)  ATP; NADP+; carbon dioxide; sugar 
D)  oxygen; NADPH; ATP; sugar 
E)  NADPH; ATP; sugar; carbon dioxide

Question 18

What type of enzyme catalyzes the reaction?
Sedoheptulose-7-P + glyceraldehyde-3-P ⇔ xylulose-5-P + ribose-5-P

Accepted Answer

A)  isomerase 
B)  lyase 
C)  transaldolase 
D)  transketolase 
E)  aldolase 
A)  isomerase 
B)  lyase 
C)  transaldolase 
D)  transketolase 
E)  aldolase

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are two distinct photosystems, linked together by a mechanism similar to electron transport. 
B)  The source for electrons is located in the stroma of the thylakoid. 
C)  The Mn complex is the primary electron acceptor and is located on photosystem I. 
D)  The ultimate electron donor is molecular oxygen. 
E)  Plastoquinone is a fixed electron transporter in the system located in the inner membrane. 
A)  There are two distinct photosystems, linked together by a mechanism similar to electron transport. 
B)  The source for electrons is located in the stroma of the thylakoid. 
C)  The Mn complex is the primary electron acceptor and is located on photosystem I. 
D)  The ultimate electron donor is molecular oxygen. 
E)  Plastoquinone is a fixed electron transporter in the system located in the inner membrane.

Question 20

Discuss the structure of a plant membrane protein supercomplex consisting of the PSI reaction center and its lightharvesting antenna LHC1 (light-harvesting complex 1).​

Accepted Answer

​A plant membrane protein supercomplex e

Exam 21: Photosynthesis

Balance the following reaction: ____ NADPH + ____ H+ + ____ ATP + ____ CO2 + 12 H2 O → C6H12O6 + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi

The general flow of electrons in plant photosynthesis is from PSII to PSI. Which of the following correctly explains the events that occur during this process?

How is photorespiration avoided in C-4 plants?

What purpose do the Calvin cycle enzymes serve?​

Cyclic photophosphorylation takes place when:

Properties of photosystem II (PSII) include all EXCEPT:

What type of enzyme catalyzes the reaction? Erythrose-4-P + dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) ⇔ sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate

All are true for cyclic photophosphorylation EXCEPT:

All are contained by chloroplasts EXCEPT:

All are properties of both the P700 and P680 reaction centers EXCEPT:

The light reactions in photosynthetic plants:

The reaction of photosynthesis whereby light energy is transduced into chemical energy uses ____ as a source of carbon, and produces ____.

The essence of photosynthesis is the photochemical event which is:

Characteristics of the chloroplast's ATP synthase include all EXCEPT:

Chloroplasts consist of a folded inner membrane called the ____, which is organized into paired folds called ____.

The proton-motive force is composed of a ____ and a ____, and in photophosphorylation the ____ is greater.

____ and ____ are produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis which are used to convert ____ to ____.

What type of enzyme catalyzes the reaction? Sedoheptulose-7-P + glyceraldehyde-3-P ⇔ xylulose-5-P + ribose-5-P

Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis is true?

Discuss the structure of a plant membrane protein supercomplex consisting of the PSI reaction center and its lightharvesting antenna LHC1 (light-harvesting complex 1).​

The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

Water: the Medium of Life

Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Amino Acids and the Peptide Bond

Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions

Proteins: Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Structure

Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces

Lipids

Membranes and Membrane Transport

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Structure of Nucleic Acids

Recombinant Dna, Cloning, Chimeric Genes, and Synthetic Biology

Enzymeskinetics and Specificity

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Enzyme Regulation

Molecular Motors

Metabolism: an Overview

Glycolysis

The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Lipid Biosynthesis

Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism

Synthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides

Metabolic Integration and Organ Specialization

Dna Metabolism: Replication, Recombination, and Repair

Transcription and the Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis

Completing the Protein Life Cycle: Folding, Processing, and Degradation

The Reception and Transmission of Extracellular Information

Filters

Balance the following reaction: NADPH + H⁺ + ATP + CO₂ + 12 H₂ O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 12 NADP⁺ + 18 ADP + 18 P_i

What purpose do the Calvin cycle enzymes serve?

The reaction of photosynthesis whereby light energy is transduced into chemical energy uses as a source of carbon, and produces .

Chloroplasts consist of a folded inner membrane called the , which is organized into paired folds called .

The proton-motive force is composed of a and a , and in photophosphorylation the is greater.

and are produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis which are used to convert to .

Discuss the structure of a plant membrane protein supercomplex consisting of the PSI reaction center and its lightharvesting antenna LHC1 (light-harvesting complex 1).