Question 1

Which of the following is true concerning the nature-nurture debate?

Accepted Answer

A) Most researchers are either pro-nature or pro-nurture when describing the causes of human behaviour. 
B) People with genetic predispositions for anxiety will eventually express this type of behaviour. 
C) Gene expression is not substantially influenced by the environment. 
D) Most researchers believe that genes and environment interact to influence human behaviour. 
A) Most researchers are either pro-nature or pro-nurture when describing the causes of human behaviour. 
B) People with genetic predispositions for anxiety will eventually express this type of behaviour. 
C) Gene expression is not substantially influenced by the environment. 
D) Most researchers believe that genes and environment interact to influence human behaviour.

Question 2

During menarche adolescents experience

Accepted Answer

A) the end of menstruation. 
B) the first ejaculation. 
C) the start of menstruation. 
D) voice changes. 
A) the end of menstruation. 
B) the first ejaculation. 
C) the start of menstruation. 
D) voice changes.

Question 3

The size of the head,in proportion to the rest of the body,is about __________ percent of the total height when an individual is 26 years old.

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 20 
C) 25 
D) 30 
A) 15 
B) 20 
C) 25 
D) 30

Question 4

Children involved in "Strange Situation" research change attachment styles frequently in follow-up studies,meaning that this method of measuring attachment style lacks

Accepted Answer

A) honesty. 
B) integrity. 
C) validity. 
D) reliability. 
A) honesty. 
B) integrity. 
C) validity. 
D) reliability.

Question 5

The cessation of menstruation and ovulation is called

Accepted Answer

A) climacteric. 
B) perimenopause. 
C) menopause. 
D) postmenopause. 
A) climacteric. 
B) perimenopause. 
C) menopause. 
D) postmenopause.

Question 6

Karla understands her world by grasping,sucking,and physically handling objects in her path.Karla is in Piaget's __________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A) formal operational 
B) preoperational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) concrete operational 
A) formal operational 
B) preoperational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) concrete operational

Question 7

Tara is at a point in her pregnancy during which the major organs and structures of her baby are first developing.Which period of prenatal development is Tara currently experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A) Fetal 
B) Embryonic 
C) Placental 
D) Germinal 
A) Fetal 
B) Embryonic 
C) Placental 
D) Germinal

Question 8

The __________ refers to an environment that provides children with basic needs for affection and appropriate discipline.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian parenting style 
B) average expectable environment 
C) zone of proximal development 
D) scaffolding environment 
A) authoritarian parenting style 
B) average expectable environment 
C) zone of proximal development 
D) scaffolding environment

Question 9

Which research method is most suitable for studying factors that influence behavioural change over time?

Accepted Answer

A) Cohort 
B) Longitudinal 
C) Correlational 
D) Cross-sectional 
A) Cohort 
B) Longitudinal 
C) Correlational 
D) Cross-sectional

Question 10

Which of the following statements about temperament is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Temperament reflects basic emotional styles,is early appearing,and largely genetic in origin. 
B) Temperament is an extension of our personality and is shaped by our early attachment experiences. 
C) Temperament develops by around the age of 2,when infants have learned a consistent way of responding to situations. 
D) Temperaments are environmentally determined and difficult to change once established. 
A) Temperament reflects basic emotional styles,is early appearing,and largely genetic in origin. 
B) Temperament is an extension of our personality and is shaped by our early attachment experiences. 
C) Temperament develops by around the age of 2,when infants have learned a consistent way of responding to situations. 
D) Temperaments are environmentally determined and difficult to change once established.

Question 11

__________ tasks are more affected by aging in adulthood relative to __________ tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) Cognitive;motor 
B) Simple;cognitive 
C) Complex;simple 
D) Motor;complex 
A) Cognitive;motor 
B) Simple;cognitive 
C) Complex;simple 
D) Motor;complex

Question 12

In Piaget's theory,the stage of cognitive development between seven and 11 years of age,in which an individual becomes capable of logical thought processes but is not yet capable of abstract thinking,is the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) formal operational 
B) preoperational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) concrete operational 
A) formal operational 
B) preoperational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) concrete operational

Question 13

According to David Elkind,adolescents who feel that they are unique,special,and invincible are operating under what he referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) a personal fable. 
B) false beliefs. 
C) an identity crisis. 
D) a zone of proximal development. 
A) a personal fable. 
B) false beliefs. 
C) an identity crisis. 
D) a zone of proximal development.

Question 14

The "sandwich generation" refers to adults who

Accepted Answer

A) are married and have preschool aged children. 
B) have school aged children and juggle work and family life. 
C) are caring for both growing children and their aging parents. 
D) are undergoing a midlife crisis. 
A) are married and have preschool aged children. 
B) have school aged children and juggle work and family life. 
C) are caring for both growing children and their aging parents. 
D) are undergoing a midlife crisis.

Question 15

__________ is learned through trial and error,whereas __________ is a reflexive behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) Grasping;rooting 
B) Walking;grasping 
C) Crawling;sucking 
D) Standing;crawling 
A) Grasping;rooting 
B) Walking;grasping 
C) Crawling;sucking 
D) Standing;crawling

Question 16

Which of the following terms is used to describe any substance,such as a drug,chemical,or virus,that can bring about a birth defect?

Accepted Answer

A) Teratogen 
B) Critical period 
C) Carcinogen 
D) Biohazard 
A) Teratogen 
B) Critical period 
C) Carcinogen 
D) Biohazard

Question 17

Piaget's theory provided a __________ account of cognitive development,and Vygotsky's theory was considered a __________ account.

Accepted Answer

A) stagelike;continuous 
B) continuous;stagelike 
C) domain-specific;domain-general 
D) domain-general;domain-specific 
A) stagelike;continuous 
B) continuous;stagelike 
C) domain-specific;domain-general 
D) domain-general;domain-specific

Question 18

Which theory posits that environmental transmission of social development is horizontal (children-to-children)rather than vertical (parents-to-children)?

Accepted Answer

A) Group socialization theory of development 
B) Zone of proximal development 
C) Average expectable environment 
D) Child-centred parenting 
A) Group socialization theory of development 
B) Zone of proximal development 
C) Average expectable environment 
D) Child-centred parenting

Question 19

Which areas of the brain show age-related declines in brain volume?

Accepted Answer

A) The motor and somatosensory cortices 
B) The visual cortex and the temporal lobe 
C) The cortex and the hippocampus 
D) The hypothalamus and frontal lobes 
A) The motor and somatosensory cortices 
B) The visual cortex and the temporal lobe 
C) The cortex and the hippocampus 
D) The hypothalamus and frontal lobes

Question 20

Frederica is an infant who is easily scared by unfamiliar faces,loud noises,or moving toys.Her temperament style would be classified as

Accepted Answer

A) slow-to-warm-up. 
B) difficult. 
C) anxious. 
D) behavioural inhibition. 
A) slow-to-warm-up. 
B) difficult. 
C) anxious. 
D) behavioural inhibition.

Exam 10: D: Human Development

Which of the following is true concerning the nature-nurture debate?

During menarche adolescents experience

The size of the head,in proportion to the rest of the body,is about __________ percent of the total height when an individual is 26 years old.

Children involved in "Strange Situation" research change attachment styles frequently in follow-up studies,meaning that this method of measuring attachment style lacks

The cessation of menstruation and ovulation is called

Karla understands her world by grasping,sucking,and physically handling objects in her path.Karla is in Piaget's __________ stage of development.

Tara is at a point in her pregnancy during which the major organs and structures of her baby are first developing.Which period of prenatal development is Tara currently experiencing?

The __________ refers to an environment that provides children with basic needs for affection and appropriate discipline.

Which research method is most suitable for studying factors that influence behavioural change over time?

Which of the following statements about temperament is accurate?

__________ tasks are more affected by aging in adulthood relative to __________ tasks.

In Piaget's theory,the stage of cognitive development between seven and 11 years of age,in which an individual becomes capable of logical thought processes but is not yet capable of abstract thinking,is the __________ stage.

According to David Elkind,adolescents who feel that they are unique,special,and invincible are operating under what he referred to as

The "sandwich generation" refers to adults who

__________ is learned through trial and error,whereas __________ is a reflexive behaviour.

Which of the following terms is used to describe any substance,such as a drug,chemical,or virus,that can bring about a birth defect?

Piaget's theory provided a __________ account of cognitive development,and Vygotsky's theory was considered a __________ account.

Which theory posits that environmental transmission of social development is horizontal (children-to-children)rather than vertical (parents-to-children)?

Which areas of the brain show age-related declines in brain volume?

Frederica is an infant who is easily scared by unfamiliar faces,loud noises,or moving toys.Her temperament style would be classified as

A: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

B: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

C: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

D: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

A: Research Methods

B: Research Methods

C: Research Methods

D: Research Methods

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

A: Thinking,reasoning,and Language

B: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

C: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

D: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

A: Intelligence and Iq Testing

B: Intelligence and Iq Testing

C: Intelligence and Iq Testing

D: Intelligence and Iq Testing

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

A: Emotion and Motivation

B: Emotion and Motivation

C: Emotion and Motivation

D: Emotion and Motivation

A: Stress,coping,and Health

B: Stress,coping,and Health

C: Stress,coping,and Health

D: Stress,coping,and Health

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

D: Social Psychology

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

tasks are more affected by aging in adulthood relative to tasks.

is learned through trial and error,whereas is a reflexive behaviour.

Piaget's theory provided a account of cognitive development,and Vygotsky's theory was considered a account.