Exam 11: Intelligence

Vivian scores high on measures of crystallized intelligence. This implies that __________.

Suppose we know that the variability of IQ scores is higher among one group of individuals than among another. What might this tell us about the heritability of IQ in the two groups?

Savants __________.

An individual's observable characteristics are its __________.

Donna and her friend Esther both receive D's on a Calculus midterm. Donna becomes depressed and seems to give up on her studies for some time thereafter. Esther, however, becomes driven to learn more about Calculus and earn a better grade on the next test. Which of the following statements best describes the mind-sets of Donna and Esther?

How might Binet react to Spearman's concept of g?

Your text describes a study of the success of racetrack gamblers in predicting the outcomes of horse races. What did the study find?

The ability to effectively deal with new and unusual problems is referred to as __________.

Studies comparing identical and fraternal twins reveal that __________.

One sample of mixed varieties of seed is planted in barren soil; another sample from the same seed package is planted in soil that is extremely fertile. When the plants are fully grown, there are differences in height, both within each group of plants and between the two groups. Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is inconsistent with the idea that there is a hereditary component in the development of intelligence?

How does the conception of intelligence offered by psychologists differ from the common notion that intelligence is reflected in book learning and test-taking abilities?

Comparative studies of the intelligence scores of the black and white populations in America indicate that __________.

Your text reports a study examining the test scores of 15-year-olds in 41 countries. In all the countries, girls outscored boys in reading. In most of the countries, boys outscored girls in math. How might one interpret this finding with respect to biological and cultural explanations of the gender differences in achievement?

Which term might psychologist Carol Dweck apply to the view of intelligence that predominated during much of the history not only of psychology, but also of the United States as a whole?

One study focused on experienced racetrack gamblers and asked them to predict horse races. Interestingly, the gamblers' success turned out to be __________.

Kiran is from India. John is Native American. Hung-Chu and Wei are Taiwanese. The intelligence of each of these students may be underestimated by typical American intelligence tests and testing procedures. Which of the following students is CORRECTLY matched with a characteristic that might contribute to the underestimation of his or her score?

Cole and Daniel are brothers, born 18 months apart. Eric and Frank are brothers, born 6 years apart. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the correlation between the IQ scores of Cole and Daniel on the one hand and that between the IQ scores of Eric and Frank on the other?

Imagine a graph showing fluid and crystallized intelligence scores as a function of age. Age appears on the x-axis, with increasing age toward the right. One curve portrays fluid intelligence scores; the other, crystallized intelligence scores. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the two curves as age increases?

In their book The Bell Curve, Herrnstein and Murray's (1994) position with respect to the nature vs. nurture issue may be described as ____________________.