Question 1

People are most likely to seek social comparison when __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decisions are easy and obvious in order to confirm their choices 
B)  decisions are difficult and a situation is not fully understood 
C)  a situation is well understood and social consensus is needed 
D)  they have sufficient time to gather information 
A)  decisions are easy and obvious in order to confirm their choices 
B)  decisions are difficult and a situation is not fully understood 
C)  a situation is well understood and social consensus is needed 
D)  they have sufficient time to gather information

Question 2

John's performance on certain tasks is better when his friends are watching than when he is alone. According to Zajonc's theory, this occurs because the presence of others __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the drive or arousal level of the performer 
B)  increases the performer's ability to focus on the essential aspects of the task being performed 
C)  reduces the number of alternative responses that the performer will make in a given situation 
D)  alters the performer's ability to recall essential elements of the task being performed 
A)  increases the drive or arousal level of the performer 
B)  increases the performer's ability to focus on the essential aspects of the task being performed 
C)  reduces the number of alternative responses that the performer will make in a given situation 
D)  alters the performer's ability to recall essential elements of the task being performed

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true concerning attitude stability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because events change so frequently, our attitudes tend to shift fairly regularly. 
B)  Our attitudes remain fairly stable, in part because we tend to remain in the same environment and associate with similar people much of the time. 
C)  Our attitudes can be changed fairly easily if we decide we wish to change them. 
D)  Once attitudes have been established, it is nearly impossible for them to change. 
A)  Because events change so frequently, our attitudes tend to shift fairly regularly. 
B)  Our attitudes remain fairly stable, in part because we tend to remain in the same environment and associate with similar people much of the time. 
C)  Our attitudes can be changed fairly easily if we decide we wish to change them. 
D)  Once attitudes have been established, it is nearly impossible for them to change.

Question 4

The text describes research in which subjects were asked to wear costumes and deliver electric shocks to another person. Relative to subjects not in costume, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  all costumed subjects delivered more shock 
B)  subjects in KKK robes delivered twice as much shock 
C)  subjects in nurses' uniforms delivered less shock 
D)  both b and c 
A)  all costumed subjects delivered more shock 
B)  subjects in KKK robes delivered twice as much shock 
C)  subjects in nurses' uniforms delivered less shock 
D)  both b and c

Question 5

Melinda and Wes live in separate cities and have completely different tastes in music, but have recently started dating. Bill and Cindy live a block from each other, and have met each other several times at different musical and cultural events that they are both interested in. They also recently started dating. Which couple is more likely to have a successful long-term relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wes and Melinda, because people who live far apart tend to find one another more attractive. 
B)  Wes and Melinda, because opposites attract. 
C)  Bill and Cindy, because people with similar characteristics and interests are attracted to one another. 
D)  Bill and Cindy, because people who like music are more likely to have successful long-term relationships. 
A)  Wes and Melinda, because people who live far apart tend to find one another more attractive. 
B)  Wes and Melinda, because opposites attract. 
C)  Bill and Cindy, because people with similar characteristics and interests are attracted to one another. 
D)  Bill and Cindy, because people who like music are more likely to have successful long-term relationships.

Question 6

People tend to describe a person who is unemployed as "lazy" or a "loser." Ascribing people's behavior to their nature rather than to their situation is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  illusory correlation 
B)  in-group favoritism 
C)  self-handicapping 
D)  the fundamental attribution error 
A)  illusory correlation 
B)  in-group favoritism 
C)  self-handicapping 
D)  the fundamental attribution error

Question 7

Most psychologists agree that there are at least two crude categories of love: __________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional; instrumental 
B)  passionate; compassionate 
C)  romantic; companionate 
D)  dispositional; situational 
E)  rational; emotional 
A)  emotional; instrumental 
B)  passionate; compassionate 
C)  romantic; companionate 
D)  dispositional; situational 
E)  rational; emotional

Question 8

Let's say you are a middle-schooler and you buy an NFL jersey because all your friends have one; then you insist on wearing a baseball cap to school every day because that's what your friends do too. You want to be liked, in other words. What type of conformity is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  informational 
B)  subliminal 
C)  cognitive 
D)  normative 
A)  informational 
B)  subliminal 
C)  cognitive 
D)  normative

Question 9

In the quizmaster study, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  consistent with the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as being as knowledgeable as those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
B)  consistent with the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as more knowledgeable than those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
C)  contrary to the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as being as knowledgeable as those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
D)  contrary to the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as more knowledgeable than those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
A)  consistent with the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as being as knowledgeable as those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
B)  consistent with the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as more knowledgeable than those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
C)  contrary to the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as being as knowledgeable as those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions 
D)  contrary to the predictions of the fundamental attribution error, research participants who were randomly chosen to ask tough questions were viewed as more knowledgeable than those who were randomly chosen to answer the questions

Question 10

Mark has made the fundamental attribution error in trying to explain why Julie was angry with him earlier in the day. This means that he __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  overemphasized the fact that she was tired 
B)  ignored the fact that she is a kind-hearted person 
C)  assumed that her behavior was caused by the same factors that cause his anger 
D)  ignored the fact that she was tired because she had been up with a sick child and was feeling sick herself 
A)  overemphasized the fact that she was tired 
B)  ignored the fact that she is a kind-hearted person 
C)  assumed that her behavior was caused by the same factors that cause his anger 
D)  ignored the fact that she was tired because she had been up with a sick child and was feeling sick herself

Question 11

When is informational influence most likely to result in conformity?

Accepted Answer

A)  when men are conforming in the presence of women 
B)  when one is confused about what the correct answer to a question might be 
C)  when one is worried about appearing foolish in front of others 
D)  when one is surrounded by people regarded as inferior in status 
A)  when men are conforming in the presence of women 
B)  when one is confused about what the correct answer to a question might be 
C)  when one is worried about appearing foolish in front of others 
D)  when one is surrounded by people regarded as inferior in status

Question 12

Diffusion of responsibility leads to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased probability of bystander intervention 
B)  increased probability of bystander intervention 
C)  no change in the probability of bystander intervention 
D)  It depends on the situation. 
A)  decreased probability of bystander intervention 
B)  increased probability of bystander intervention 
C)  no change in the probability of bystander intervention 
D)  It depends on the situation.

Question 13

When wives make attributions about their husbands, they are drawing conclusions about questions such as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Why does he look like that? 
B)  Why did he wind up possessing the attributes that he does? 
C)  Why did he do that? 
D)  Why are men so different from women? 
A)  Why does he look like that? 
B)  Why did he wind up possessing the attributes that he does? 
C)  Why did he do that? 
D)  Why are men so different from women?

Question 14

In some conditions of the basic Milgram setup, the "learner" howled that he suffered from a heart condition. What effect did this have on the "teachers"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their level of obedience was unaffected. 
B)  They refused to continue with the experiment. 
C)  They shouted out warnings to the "learner" before each new shock was applied. 
D)  Obedience was decreased, but only among male participants. 
A)  Their level of obedience was unaffected. 
B)  They refused to continue with the experiment. 
C)  They shouted out warnings to the "learner" before each new shock was applied. 
D)  Obedience was decreased, but only among male participants.

Question 15

Familiarity may be one factor involved in the relationship between proximity and attraction. We know that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the closer two people live, the more likely that they will be familiar to one another 
B)  familiarity breeds liking 
C)  the more often a person encounters most anything, the more he or she will like it 
D)  all of the above 
A)  the closer two people live, the more likely that they will be familiar to one another 
B)  familiarity breeds liking 
C)  the more often a person encounters most anything, the more he or she will like it 
D)  all of the above

Question 16

Which of the following factors makes groupthink more likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  a highly cohesive group 
B)  a group in constant communication about their discussions with people outside of the group 
C)  a group structured to require the examination of all sides of each issue 
D)  all of the above 
A)  a highly cohesive group 
B)  a group in constant communication about their discussions with people outside of the group 
C)  a group structured to require the examination of all sides of each issue 
D)  all of the above

Question 17

Kevin is concerned about the negative attitudes his children have been displaying toward classmates from a different ethnic background who live nearby. Kevin could likely reduce these negative feelings by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  punishing his children for complaining about the other kids 
B)  have his children work on a cooperative project with these classmates 
C)  paying his children an allowance for speaking nicely of the classmates. 
D)  both a and c 
A)  punishing his children for complaining about the other kids 
B)  have his children work on a cooperative project with these classmates 
C)  paying his children an allowance for speaking nicely of the classmates. 
D)  both a and c

Question 18

Which of the following statements would an authoritarian personality be most likely to agree with?

Accepted Answer

A)  The weak shall inherit the earth. 
B)  Carpe diem. 
C)  Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead. 
D)  People can be divided into two classes: the weak and the strong. 
A)  The weak shall inherit the earth. 
B)  Carpe diem. 
C)  Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead. 
D)  People can be divided into two classes: the weak and the strong.

Question 19

Why do peripheral arguments often lead to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are forceful because they present critical facts that are persuasive. 
B)  They lead one to use rules of thumb, such as reliance on experts, to evaluate them regardless of the message. 
C)  They are more resistant to the effects of distracting events. 
D)  All of the above answers are correct. 
A)  They are forceful because they present critical facts that are persuasive. 
B)  They lead one to use rules of thumb, such as reliance on experts, to evaluate them regardless of the message. 
C)  They are more resistant to the effects of distracting events. 
D)  All of the above answers are correct.

Question 20

Historians often question whether historical events were determined primarily by a confluence of circumstances or by the leadership of particular individuals. These questions are analogous to issues of __________ in social psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  attribution 
B)  social impact theory 
C)  diffusion of responsibility 
D)  social facilitation 
A)  attribution 
B)  social impact theory 
C)  diffusion of responsibility 
D)  social facilitation

People are most likely to seek social comparison when __________.

John's performance on certain tasks is better when his friends are watching than when he is alone. According to Zajonc's theory, this occurs because the presence of others __________.

Which of the following statements is true concerning attitude stability?

The text describes research in which subjects were asked to wear costumes and deliver electric shocks to another person. Relative to subjects not in costume, __________.

People tend to describe a person who is unemployed as "lazy" or a "loser." Ascribing people's behavior to their nature rather than to their situation is called __________.

Most psychologists agree that there are at least two crude categories of love: and .

Let's say you are a middle-schooler and you buy an NFL jersey because all your friends have one; then you insist on wearing a baseball cap to school every day because that's what your friends do too. You want to be liked, in other words. What type of conformity is this?

In the quizmaster study, __________.

Mark has made the fundamental attribution error in trying to explain why Julie was angry with him earlier in the day. This means that he __________.

When is informational influence most likely to result in conformity?

Diffusion of responsibility leads to __________.

When wives make attributions about their husbands, they are drawing conclusions about questions such as __________.

In some conditions of the basic Milgram setup, the "learner" howled that he suffered from a heart condition. What effect did this have on the "teachers"?

Familiarity may be one factor involved in the relationship between proximity and attraction. We know that __________.

Which of the following factors makes groupthink more likely?

Kevin is concerned about the negative attitudes his children have been displaying toward classmates from a different ethnic background who live nearby. Kevin could likely reduce these negative feelings by __________.

Which of the following statements would an authoritarian personality be most likely to agree with?

Why do peripheral arguments often lead to persuasion?

Historians often question whether historical events were determined primarily by a confluence of circumstances or by the leadership of particular individuals. These questions are analogous to issues of __________ in social psychology.

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 13: Social Psychology

People are most likely to seek social comparison when __________.

John's performance on certain tasks is better when his friends are watching than when he is alone. According to Zajonc's theory, this occurs because the presence of others __________.

Which of the following statements is true concerning attitude stability?

The text describes research in which subjects were asked to wear costumes and deliver electric shocks to another person. Relative to subjects not in costume, __________.

People tend to describe a person who is unemployed as "lazy" or a "loser." Ascribing people's behavior to their nature rather than to their situation is called __________.

Most psychologists agree that there are at least two crude categories of love: __________ and __________.

Let's say you are a middle-schooler and you buy an NFL jersey because all your friends have one; then you insist on wearing a baseball cap to school every day because that's what your friends do too. You want to be liked, in other words. What type of conformity is this?

In the quizmaster study, __________.

Mark has made the fundamental attribution error in trying to explain why Julie was angry with him earlier in the day. This means that he __________.

When is informational influence most likely to result in conformity?

Diffusion of responsibility leads to __________.

When wives make attributions about their husbands, they are drawing conclusions about questions such as __________.

In some conditions of the basic Milgram setup, the "learner" howled that he suffered from a heart condition. What effect did this have on the "teachers"?

Familiarity may be one factor involved in the relationship between proximity and attraction. We know that __________.

Which of the following factors makes groupthink more likely?

Kevin is concerned about the negative attitudes his children have been displaying toward classmates from a different ethnic background who live nearby. Kevin could likely reduce these negative feelings by __________.

Which of the following statements would an authoritarian personality be most likely to agree with?

Why do peripheral arguments often lead to persuasion?

Historians often question whether historical events were determined primarily by a confluence of circumstances or by the leadership of particular individuals. These questions are analogous to issues of __________ in social psychology.

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Most psychologists agree that there are at least two crude categories of love: and .