Exam 9: Social Stratification

Social stratification refers to structured social inequality because it is socially patterned.

Sex roles are social constructions; they contain self-concepts, psychological traits, as well as family, occupational, and political roles assigned differentially to each sex.

The inequality matrix proposed by Patricia Hill Collins has to do with the relational nature of _______ and _______.

The intersection of class, race, and gender creates what Patricia Hill Collins calls a matrix of domination within which every member of society exists.

________ was proposed by Herbert Spencer and is used to argue that poverty is nature's way of excreting the unfit members of society to make room for the fit.

Biological determinism is a classic example of

Although ________ has generally lacked support in the scientific community, it has continued to provide a rational for the thinking of many individuals.

Explain the meaning of privilege.

Studies have shown that Head Start programs can actually raise IQ scores among poor children.

Class, race, and gender are components of both social structure and social interaction.

Studies have shown that Head Start programs

_______ are social constructions, containing self-concepts, psychological traits, and roles assigned to the sexes.

________ refers to ranking people in a vertical hierarchy that differentiates them as superior or inferior.

The standard male gender role includes expectations that the person will be competitive and aggressive.

Class, race, and gender are _______ of inequality within the stratification system, which organize society as a whole.

All known societies have some system of ranking individuals and groups along a continuum of ________.

________ argued that social stratification by inborn differences occurs naturally as evidenced by the fact that mental ability is inherited.

________ refers to the condition of being culturally rather than physically distinctive.

Theorists who believe that the structure of poor groups is hedonistic refer to the culture as a culture of poverty.

The Ypsilanti, Michigan, study on high-risk children discovered that high quality active learning programs had future effects with these children in such areas of life as