Question 1

Structuralism was an early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Critical thinkers are able to look for flaws in arguments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A person who has been trained in the therapeutic approach started by Freud is called a psychoanalyst.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Clinical programs leading to a Ph.D.focus on professional practice and do not usually require a research dissertation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

There is a growing trend for psychologists to have interests and beliefs that:

Accepted Answer

A) include aspects of two or more traditional approaches. 
B) are in the area of environmental effects on behavior. 
C) are in the area of pseudoscience. 
D) are based on observation rather than experimentation. 
A) include aspects of two or more traditional approaches. 
B) are in the area of environmental effects on behavior. 
C) are in the area of pseudoscience. 
D) are based on observation rather than experimentation.

Question 6

Dr.Mannisto is a behaviorist who is studying the causes of excessive violence among some hockey players.She is likely to consider whether:

Accepted Answer

A) the more aggressive players have experienced brain injuries. 
B) there is a reward for players who engage in excessive violence. 
C) the more aggressive players experienced emotional abuse in childhood. 
D) cultural change has shaped hockey players to become more violent than in the past. 
A) the more aggressive players have experienced brain injuries. 
B) there is a reward for players who engage in excessive violence. 
C) the more aggressive players experienced emotional abuse in childhood. 
D) cultural change has shaped hockey players to become more violent than in the past.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud's first book,The Interpretation of Dreams,was an overnight bestseller when it was published in 1900. 
B) Sigmund Freud argued that many of his patients had symptoms due to physical,rather than mental,causes. 
C) Sigmund Freud's concepts had a profound influence on the philosophy,literature,and art of the twentieth century. 
D) Although Sigmund Freud's concepts were at first rejected by most empirically oriented psychologists,Freudian concepts were eventually accepted by the scientific community. 
A) Sigmund Freud's first book,The Interpretation of Dreams,was an overnight bestseller when it was published in 1900. 
B) Sigmund Freud argued that many of his patients had symptoms due to physical,rather than mental,causes. 
C) Sigmund Freud's concepts had a profound influence on the philosophy,literature,and art of the twentieth century. 
D) Although Sigmund Freud's concepts were at first rejected by most empirically oriented psychologists,Freudian concepts were eventually accepted by the scientific community.

Question 8

Many people don't realize that just as the body needs exercise to stay in shape,clear thinking requires effort and practice.Name and give an example of each of the eight guidelines to critical thinking.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 9

The forerunners of modern psychology depended heavily on empirical research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Can animals learn language? Before you can answer this question you have to look at the question from the viewpoint of a critical thinker.Describe the various ways that this question could be answered after the question is framed in clear and concrete terms.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 11

Psychologists from the biological perspective would be likely to agree that anxiety is due to forbidden, unconscious desires.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Psychobabble is pseudoscience and quackery covered by a veneer of psychological language.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which modern psychological perspective is most controversial?

Accepted Answer

A) sociocultural 
B) learning 
C) cognitive 
D) psychodynamic 
A) sociocultural 
B) learning 
C) cognitive 
D) psychodynamic

Question 14

"I may never know for sure whether my memory of my first visit to the ocean is accurate." This example illustrates which of the following critical thinking guidelines?

Accepted Answer

A) tolerate uncertainty 
B) analyze assumptions and biases 
C) define your terms 
D) ask questions and be willing to wonder 
A) tolerate uncertainty 
B) analyze assumptions and biases 
C) define your terms 
D) ask questions and be willing to wonder

Question 15

Professor Brankiewicz describes herself as an "eclectic" psychologist who does not swear allegiance to any one psychological perspective.What does she mean by this? What basic guidelines is she likely to share with other psychologists,regardless of their theoretical convictions?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 16

Structuralists asked _______________ when a person experiences something.

Accepted Answer

A) why something happens 
B) how something happens 
C) what happens 
D) whether anger is evoked 
A) why something happens 
B) how something happens 
C) what happens 
D) whether anger is evoked

Question 17

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The authors point out that people may be a little "fuzzy" about psychological careers because psychologists contribute to their communities in so many different ways.Describe three ways that psychologists make these contributions (other than psychotherapy).

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include three of the

Question 19

Industrial/organizational psychologists are concerned with behavior in the workplace and work motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Empirical evidence is evidence gathered by careful observation,experimentation,and measurement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Exstintion: What Is Psychology

Structuralism was an early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements.

Critical thinkers are able to look for flaws in arguments.

A person who has been trained in the therapeutic approach started by Freud is called a psychoanalyst.

Clinical programs leading to a Ph.D.focus on professional practice and do not usually require a research dissertation.

There is a growing trend for psychologists to have interests and beliefs that:

Dr.Mannisto is a behaviorist who is studying the causes of excessive violence among some hockey players.She is likely to consider whether:

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Many people don't realize that just as the body needs exercise to stay in shape,clear thinking requires effort and practice.Name and give an example of each of the eight guidelines to critical thinking.

The forerunners of modern psychology depended heavily on empirical research.

Can animals learn language? Before you can answer this question you have to look at the question from the viewpoint of a critical thinker.Describe the various ways that this question could be answered after the question is framed in clear and concrete terms.

Psychologists from the biological perspective would be likely to agree that anxiety is due to forbidden, unconscious desires.

Psychobabble is pseudoscience and quackery covered by a veneer of psychological language.

Which modern psychological perspective is most controversial?

"I may never know for sure whether my memory of my first visit to the ocean is accurate." This example illustrates which of the following critical thinking guidelines?

Professor Brankiewicz describes herself as an "eclectic" psychologist who does not swear allegiance to any one psychological perspective.What does she mean by this? What basic guidelines is she likely to share with other psychologists,regardless of their theoretical convictions?

Structuralists asked _______________ when a person experiences something.

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

The authors point out that people may be a little "fuzzy" about psychological careers because psychologists contribute to their communities in so many different ways.Describe three ways that psychologists make these contributions (other than psychotherapy).

Industrial/organizational psychologists are concerned with behavior in the workplace and work motivation.

Empirical evidence is evidence gathered by careful observation,experimentation,and measurement.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters