Question 1

The strongest relationship,as indicted by these correlation coefficients,is:

Accepted Answer

A) -.74. 
B) +3.42. 
C) -.35. 
D) 0.0. 
A) -.74. 
B) +3.42. 
C) -.35. 
D) 0.0. A

Question 2

Naturalistic observation would be the most effective research method in order to determine the "personal space" preferred by individuals from different cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

_______________ is an experiment in which subjects do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group.

Accepted Answer

A) The double-blind study 
B) Field research 
C) The single-blind study 
D) Correlational research 
A) The double-blind study 
B) Field research 
C) The single-blind study 
D) Correlational research C

Question 4

Double-blind studies are conducted in order to avoid the powerful influence of experimenter effects on the results of an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most people do not realize that a sample's size is less critical than its representativeness. 
B) Surveys are procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits,emotional states,aptitude,interests,abilities,and values. 
C) Popular polls and surveys often suffer from volunteer bias because people who feel strongly enough to volunteer their opinions may differ from those who remain silent. 
D) A problem with surveys is that sometimes people lie or misinterpret the question. 
A) Most people do not realize that a sample's size is less critical than its representativeness. 
B) Surveys are procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits,emotional states,aptitude,interests,abilities,and values. 
C) Popular polls and surveys often suffer from volunteer bias because people who feel strongly enough to volunteer their opinions may differ from those who remain silent. 
D) A problem with surveys is that sometimes people lie or misinterpret the question.

Question 6

If we have enough participants in our study and use a random assignment procedure,then individual characteristics that could possibly affect the results are likely to be roughly balanced in the two groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Marcy is trying to define "anxiety" in a way that can be empirically tested.She is attempting to find an appropriate:

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis. 
B) operational definition. 
C) double-blind study. 
D) theory. 
A) hypothesis. 
B) operational definition. 
C) double-blind study. 
D) theory.

Question 8

One test of a good test is whether it is standardized,that is,whether:

Accepted Answer

A) the test specifies the operations for observing and measuring the process being tested. 
B) the test specifies relationships between events or variables and yields an empirical evaluation. 
C) the test yields consistent scores from one time and place to another time and place. 
D) uniform procedures exist for giving and scoring the test. 
A) the test specifies the operations for observing and measuring the process being tested. 
B) the test specifies relationships between events or variables and yields an empirical evaluation. 
C) the test yields consistent scores from one time and place to another time and place. 
D) uniform procedures exist for giving and scoring the test.

Question 9

The usual procedure for developing norms is to give the test to a large group of people who resemble those for whom the test is intended.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Descriptive methods yield characterizations of behavior but not necessarily causal explanations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If variable A predicts variable B,then A is causing B to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A precise meaning of a term which species the operations for observing and measuring the process or phenomenon being investigated is called a/an:

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis. 
B) operational definition. 
C) double-blind study. 
D) theory. 
A) hypothesis. 
B) operational definition. 
C) double-blind study. 
D) theory.

Question 13

The word "correlation" is often used as a synonym for:

Accepted Answer

A) validity. 
B) reliability. 
C) variable. 
D) relationship. 
A) validity. 
B) reliability. 
C) variable. 
D) relationship.

Question 14

In a single-blind experiment,subjects do not know if they are in an experimental group or a control group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Two sets of observations,assessing annual income and dental health,are compared.Which of the following is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) The first variable causes the second variable. 
B) The two variables will be uncorrelated. 
C) The two variables will be negatively correlated. 
D) The two variables will be positively correlated. 
A) The first variable causes the second variable. 
B) The two variables will be uncorrelated. 
C) The two variables will be negatively correlated. 
D) The two variables will be positively correlated.

Question 16

Ken is given a vocational-interest test and then takes a similar test a week later.The psychologist is measuring the _______________ of the test.

Accepted Answer

A) content validity 
B) test-retest reliability 
C) alternate-forms reliability 
D) criterion validity 
A) content validity 
B) test-retest reliability 
C) alternate-forms reliability 
D) criterion validity

Question 17

Dr.Nicod is conducting research in France in order to determine the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day.It is most likely that she is engaged in:

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic observation. 
B) psychological testing. 
C) survey research. 
D) meta-analysis research. 
A) naturalistic observation. 
B) psychological testing. 
C) survey research. 
D) meta-analysis research.

Question 18

Tess agrees to sleep in a laboratory for three nights so that researchers can obtain information about her brain and muscle activity during sleep.She is taking part in a _______________ study.

Accepted Answer

A) single-blind 
B) double-blind 
C) naturalistic observation 
D) laboratory observation 
A) single-blind 
B) double-blind 
C) naturalistic observation 
D) laboratory observation

Question 19

An academic researcher would use the case study method in all of the following situations EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) when first beginning to study a research topic. 
B) when practical considerations prevent other methods of gathering information. 
C) when ethical considerations prevent other methods of gathering information. 
D) when the purpose of the research is to track down a cause. 
A) when first beginning to study a research topic. 
B) when practical considerations prevent other methods of gathering information. 
C) when ethical considerations prevent other methods of gathering information. 
D) when the purpose of the research is to track down a cause.

Question 20

Psychologists follow a code of ethics that has been developed by the APA.Describe five reasons that psychologists study animals.Explain the APA code in regard to research with animal subjects.Why has animal research provoked angry disputes?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Exam 2: Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

The strongest relationship,as indicted by these correlation coefficients,is:

Naturalistic observation would be the most effective research method in order to determine the "personal space" preferred by individuals from different cultures.

_______________ is an experiment in which subjects do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group.

Double-blind studies are conducted in order to avoid the powerful influence of experimenter effects on the results of an experiment.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

If we have enough participants in our study and use a random assignment procedure,then individual characteristics that could possibly affect the results are likely to be roughly balanced in the two groups.

Marcy is trying to define "anxiety" in a way that can be empirically tested.She is attempting to find an appropriate:

One test of a good test is whether it is standardized,that is,whether:

The usual procedure for developing norms is to give the test to a large group of people who resemble those for whom the test is intended.

Descriptive methods yield characterizations of behavior but not necessarily causal explanations.

If variable A predicts variable B,then A is causing B to occur.

A precise meaning of a term which species the operations for observing and measuring the process or phenomenon being investigated is called a/an:

The word "correlation" is often used as a synonym for:

In a single-blind experiment,subjects do not know if they are in an experimental group or a control group.

Two sets of observations,assessing annual income and dental health,are compared.Which of the following is the most likely outcome?

Ken is given a vocational-interest test and then takes a similar test a week later.The psychologist is measuring the _______________ of the test.

Dr.Nicod is conducting research in France in order to determine the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day.It is most likely that she is engaged in:

Tess agrees to sleep in a laboratory for three nights so that researchers can obtain information about her brain and muscle activity during sleep.She is taking part in a _______________ study.

An academic researcher would use the case study method in all of the following situations EXCEPT:

Psychologists follow a code of ethics that has been developed by the APA.Describe five reasons that psychologists study animals.Explain the APA code in regard to research with animal subjects.Why has animal research provoked angry disputes?

What Is Psychology

Exstintion: What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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