Question 1

Which of the following is true with regard to the heritability of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) Heritability estimates are higher for children than for adults. 
B) Heritability estimates increase with age up to at least late middle age. 
C) Heritability estimates differ for males and females. 
D) Regardless of age,heritability estimates for intelligence range from .75 to .90. 
A) Heritability estimates are higher for children than for adults. 
B) Heritability estimates increase with age up to at least late middle age. 
C) Heritability estimates differ for males and females. 
D) Regardless of age,heritability estimates for intelligence range from .75 to .90. B

Question 2

Evolutionary psychologists usually start their research by asking:

Accepted Answer

A) What traits do modern humans have that early humans did not possess? 
B) What sort of challenges to survival did prehistoric humans face? 
C) What characteristics do modern humans have and how might those characteristics have evolved? 
D) What kinds of differences are there between modern humans living in different areas of the world? 
A) What traits do modern humans have that early humans did not possess? 
B) What sort of challenges to survival did prehistoric humans face? 
C) What characteristics do modern humans have and how might those characteristics have evolved? 
D) What kinds of differences are there between modern humans living in different areas of the world? B

Question 3

In a study of 10,000 people in 37 cultures,researchers found evidence that:

Accepted Answer

A) women,compared to men,are more interested in the physical attractiveness of their partners. 
B) women,compared to men,are more sexually jealous and possessive of their partners. 
C) men,compared to women,are more likely to emphasize the prospects of a potential mate. 
D) men,compared to women,are more interested in the youth of their partners. 
A) women,compared to men,are more interested in the physical attractiveness of their partners. 
B) women,compared to men,are more sexually jealous and possessive of their partners. 
C) men,compared to women,are more likely to emphasize the prospects of a potential mate. 
D) men,compared to women,are more interested in the youth of their partners. D

Question 4

According to Chomsky,children are born with a universal grammar,that is,their brains are sensitive to the core features common to all languages,such as nouns and verbs,subjects and objects,and negatives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The scores of fraternal twins reared together are more highly correlated than the scores of identical twins reared apart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true about heritability?

Accepted Answer

A) Heritability allows a person to determine how much of his or her intelligence is determined by genetics. 
B) A trait with high heritability generally cannot be modified by experience. 
C) If a trait is determined to be highly heritable in one environment,it will be so in all environments. 
D) Heritability cannot be directly measured; it must be inferred based on studies of people with a known degree of genetic similarity. 
A) Heritability allows a person to determine how much of his or her intelligence is determined by genetics. 
B) A trait with high heritability generally cannot be modified by experience. 
C) If a trait is determined to be highly heritable in one environment,it will be so in all environments. 
D) Heritability cannot be directly measured; it must be inferred based on studies of people with a known degree of genetic similarity.

Question 7

Neither nature nor nurture can completely explain human similarities and differences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In regard to heredity and environment,it would be accurate to say that:

Accepted Answer

A) overall,genes cause our personalities. 
B) overall,environment causes our IQ scores. 
C) the world would be a better place if certain kinds of genes prevailed. 
D) nature loves genetic diversity,not similarity. 
A) overall,genes cause our personalities. 
B) overall,environment causes our IQ scores. 
C) the world would be a better place if certain kinds of genes prevailed. 
D) nature loves genetic diversity,not similarity.

Question 9

In reality,the behavior of humans often fails to conform to evolutionary images of sexually promiscuous males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The distribution of IQ scores approximates a bell-shaped curve.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Evolutionary biologists often start with an observation about some characteristic and then try to account for it in evolutionary terms.How might they explain the difference in the plumage of male peacocks when compared to the females?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

According to Chomsky,the deep structure of a sentence refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the way a sentence is actually spoken or signed. 
B) the intonation used as a sentence is spoken. 
C) the way a sentence is to be understood. 
D) the gestures used when speaking a sentence. 
A) the way a sentence is actually spoken or signed. 
B) the intonation used as a sentence is spoken. 
C) the way a sentence is to be understood. 
D) the gestures used when speaking a sentence.

Question 13

An intelligence quotient is a/an

Accepted Answer

A) midpoint in a set of intelligence test scores that is computed after the scores are ordered from the highest to the lowest. 
B) measure of the variability of intelligence test scores that is computed by taking every score in the distribution and determining how much it differs from the mean. 
C) statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in intelligence that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group. 
D) measure of intelligence originally computed by dividing a person's mental age by his or her chronological age and multiplying the result by 100. 
A) midpoint in a set of intelligence test scores that is computed after the scores are ordered from the highest to the lowest. 
B) measure of the variability of intelligence test scores that is computed by taking every score in the distribution and determining how much it differs from the mean. 
C) statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in intelligence that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group. 
D) measure of intelligence originally computed by dividing a person's mental age by his or her chronological age and multiplying the result by 100.

Question 14

According to Chomsky,the surface structure of a sentence refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the way a sentence is actually spoken or signed. 
B) the intonation used as a sentence is spoken. 
C) the way a sentence is to be understood. 
D) the gestures used when speaking a sentence. 
A) the way a sentence is actually spoken or signed. 
B) the intonation used as a sentence is spoken. 
C) the way a sentence is to be understood. 
D) the gestures used when speaking a sentence.

Question 15

In the year ________,an international collaboration of researchers called the Human Genome Project and a private company,Celera Genomics,both announced that they had completed a rough draft of a map of the entire human genome.

Accepted Answer

A) 1985 
B) 1990 
C) 1995 
D) 2000 
A) 1985 
B) 1990 
C) 1995 
D) 2000

Question 16

Infants are not able to derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds until they are about 18 months old.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What do evolutionary psychologists mean when they say that the human mind developed as a collection of specialized and independent modules? How have critics responded to this assumption?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 18

Children in different cultures go through different stages of language development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Edward L.Thorndike,one of the leading psychologists of the early 1900s,claimed that in the actual race of life,the chief determining factor is:

Accepted Answer

A) operant conditioning. 
B) classical conditioning. 
C) parent-child relationships. 
D) heredity. 
A) operant conditioning. 
B) classical conditioning. 
C) parent-child relationships. 
D) heredity.

Question 20

In what way does the communication of humans differ from that of other species?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Exam 3: Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

Which of the following is true with regard to the heritability of intelligence?

Evolutionary psychologists usually start their research by asking:

In a study of 10,000 people in 37 cultures,researchers found evidence that:

According to Chomsky,children are born with a universal grammar,that is,their brains are sensitive to the core features common to all languages,such as nouns and verbs,subjects and objects,and negatives.

The scores of fraternal twins reared together are more highly correlated than the scores of identical twins reared apart.

Which of the following statements is true about heritability?

Neither nature nor nurture can completely explain human similarities and differences.

In regard to heredity and environment,it would be accurate to say that:

In reality,the behavior of humans often fails to conform to evolutionary images of sexually promiscuous males.

The distribution of IQ scores approximates a bell-shaped curve.

Evolutionary biologists often start with an observation about some characteristic and then try to account for it in evolutionary terms.How might they explain the difference in the plumage of male peacocks when compared to the females?

According to Chomsky,the deep structure of a sentence refers to:

An intelligence quotient is a/an

According to Chomsky,the surface structure of a sentence refers to:

In the year ________,an international collaboration of researchers called the Human Genome Project and a private company,Celera Genomics,both announced that they had completed a rough draft of a map of the entire human genome.

Infants are not able to derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds until they are about 18 months old.

What do evolutionary psychologists mean when they say that the human mind developed as a collection of specialized and independent modules? How have critics responded to this assumption?

Children in different cultures go through different stages of language development.

Edward L.Thorndike,one of the leading psychologists of the early 1900s,claimed that in the actual race of life,the chief determining factor is:

In what way does the communication of humans differ from that of other species?

What Is Psychology

Exstintion: What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters