Question 1

The functional units of heredity that are composed of DNA and that specify the structure of proteins are called genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Many psycholinguists believe that an innate capacity for language evolved in humans because it enhanced chances for survival.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The human genome is estimated to contain about _______________ genes.

Accepted Answer

A) 7,000 
B) 23,000 
C) 73,000 
D) 303,000 
A) 7,000 
B) 23,000 
C) 73,000 
D) 303,000

Question 4

________ are DNA segments that vary considerably among individuals and whose locations on the chromosome are already known.

Accepted Answer

A) Genes 
B) RNA 
C) Linkage studies 
D) Genetic markers 
A) Genes 
B) RNA 
C) Linkage studies 
D) Genetic markers

Question 5

Studies that look for patterns of inheritance of genetic markers in large families in which a particular condition is common are called:

Accepted Answer

A) experimental studies. 
B) psychometric studies. 
C) linkage studies. 
D) naturalistic observation studies. 
A) experimental studies. 
B) psychometric studies. 
C) linkage studies. 
D) naturalistic observation studies.

Question 6

The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to the principle of natural selection,genetic variations become more common over time if they are adaptive in a particular environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that the human mind developed as a collection of modules to handle specific survival problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

For many years,psychologists addressing questions about human differences tended to fall into two camps; those who emphasized the role of genes in human diversity were called empiricists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

This type of DNA lies outside the genes and is also called junk DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) perimeter DNA 
B) outlying DNA 
C) noncoding DNA 
D) genome DNA 
A) perimeter DNA 
B) outlying DNA 
C) noncoding DNA 
D) genome DNA

Question 11

Why do gene frequencies in a population change? Why don't they stay the same from one generation to the next? Explain how the processes of mutation,crossover,and natural selection can provide an answer to these questions.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

According to sociobiologists,females:

Accepted Answer

A) need to shop for the best genetic deal. 
B) compete with other females for access to young males. 
C) want sex more often than males do. 
D) are promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty. 
A) need to shop for the best genetic deal. 
B) compete with other females for access to young males. 
C) want sex more often than males do. 
D) are promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty.

Question 13

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

Accepted Answer

A) where a gene for a particular trait is likely to be located. 
B) whether people sharing the same trait have a genetic marker for that trait. 
C) a map of the human genome. 
D) where the boundaries between individual genes are located. 
A) where a gene for a particular trait is likely to be located. 
B) whether people sharing the same trait have a genetic marker for that trait. 
C) a map of the human genome. 
D) where the boundaries between individual genes are located.

Question 14

According to Charles Darwin,language:

Accepted Answer

A) evolves by probability decisions that one word is likely to follow another. 
B) is an innate capacity for verbal communication. 
C) is a communication system used by primates. 
D) is an instinctive ability unique to human beings. 
A) evolves by probability decisions that one word is likely to follow another. 
B) is an innate capacity for verbal communication. 
C) is a communication system used by primates. 
D) is an instinctive ability unique to human beings.

Question 15

Sociobiology refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the belief that human social and sexual practices are innate. 
B) the belief that human social and sexual practices are too unique and varied to be due to evolutionary factors. 
C) the belief that although biology determines many human characteristics,social behaviors result from the effects of culture. 
D) the belief that biological principles can be applied to social and sexual customs in both nonhuman animals and humans. 
A) the belief that human social and sexual practices are innate. 
B) the belief that human social and sexual practices are too unique and varied to be due to evolutionary factors. 
C) the belief that although biology determines many human characteristics,social behaviors result from the effects of culture. 
D) the belief that biological principles can be applied to social and sexual customs in both nonhuman animals and humans.

Question 16

Evolutionary psychologists,but not sociobiologists,emphasize the evolutionary origins of many human sexual practices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Sociobiologists argue that males and females evolved different sexual and courtship strategies because they faced different challenges to survival.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What evidence is there to support the statement that children who are not exposed to an adult language may invent a language of their own?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 19

Genes,the basic units of heredity,are located on chromosomes,rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell of the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following environmental factors has NOT been shown to be associated with reduced mental ability?

Accepted Answer

A) poor prenatal care 
B) malnutrition 
C) living in rural communities 
D) stressful family circumstances 
A) poor prenatal care 
B) malnutrition 
C) living in rural communities 
D) stressful family circumstances

Exam 3: Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

The functional units of heredity that are composed of DNA and that specify the structure of proteins are called genes.

Many psycholinguists believe that an innate capacity for language evolved in humans because it enhanced chances for survival.

The human genome is estimated to contain about _______________ genes.

________ are DNA segments that vary considerably among individuals and whose locations on the chromosome are already known.

Studies that look for patterns of inheritance of genetic markers in large families in which a particular condition is common are called:

The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins.

According to the principle of natural selection,genetic variations become more common over time if they are adaptive in a particular environment.

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that the human mind developed as a collection of modules to handle specific survival problems.

For many years,psychologists addressing questions about human differences tended to fall into two camps; those who emphasized the role of genes in human diversity were called empiricists.

This type of DNA lies outside the genes and is also called junk DNA.

Why do gene frequencies in a population change? Why don't they stay the same from one generation to the next? Explain how the processes of mutation,crossover,and natural selection can provide an answer to these questions.

According to sociobiologists,females:

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

According to Charles Darwin,language:

Sociobiology refers to:

Evolutionary psychologists,but not sociobiologists,emphasize the evolutionary origins of many human sexual practices.

Sociobiologists argue that males and females evolved different sexual and courtship strategies because they faced different challenges to survival.

What evidence is there to support the statement that children who are not exposed to an adult language may invent a language of their own?

Genes,the basic units of heredity,are located on chromosomes,rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell of the body.

Which of the following environmental factors has NOT been shown to be associated with reduced mental ability?

What Is Psychology

Exstintion: What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters