Question 1

An example of a characteristic that is either present at birth in all humans or develops rapidly during maturation would be:

Accepted Answer

A) a preference for familiar objects. 
B) a natural inclination toward critical thinking. 
C) an understanding of numbers. 
D) an inclination toward human resilience and joy. 
A) a preference for familiar objects. 
B) a natural inclination toward critical thinking. 
C) an understanding of numbers. 
D) an inclination toward human resilience and joy.

Question 2

Infants as young as _______________ can derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds.

Accepted Answer

A) 6 weeks 
B) 3 months 
C) 5 months 
D) 7 months 
A) 6 weeks 
B) 3 months 
C) 5 months 
D) 7 months

Question 3

All of the following methods are used in assessing heritability EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) the study of families where most members share a particular trait. 
B) the comparison of adopted children to their biological and their adoptive parents. 
C) the comparison of identical twins with same-sex fraternal twins. 
D) the study of identical twins separated shortly after birth and reared apart. 
A) the study of families where most members share a particular trait. 
B) the comparison of adopted children to their biological and their adoptive parents. 
C) the comparison of identical twins with same-sex fraternal twins. 
D) the study of identical twins separated shortly after birth and reared apart.

Question 4

With the left hand,a handful of tomato seeds that vary genetically is grabbed from a bag and placed in a pot.The right hand grabs seeds from the same bag and plants them in a second pot.The first pot has enriched soil and exposure to sunlight whereas the nutrients in the second pot's soil have been depleted and the pot is placed in a dark corner.When the tomato plants grow:

Accepted Answer

A) the heritability of between-pot differences is 100 percent but the heritability of within-pot differences is 50 percent. 
B) the differences within each pot are due to environment but the heritability of between-pot differences is 100 percent. 
C) the difference between pots is due to variations in soil and sunlight but the heritability of within-pot differences is 100 percent. 
D) the heritability of between-pot differences and within-pot differences are equal,ranging from 50 percent to 60 percent. 
A) the heritability of between-pot differences is 100 percent but the heritability of within-pot differences is 50 percent. 
B) the differences within each pot are due to environment but the heritability of between-pot differences is 100 percent. 
C) the difference between pots is due to variations in soil and sunlight but the heritability of within-pot differences is 100 percent. 
D) the heritability of between-pot differences and within-pot differences are equal,ranging from 50 percent to 60 percent.

Question 5

Researchers in evolutionary psychology emphasize the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in areas of human psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The average IQ gap between severely malnourished children and well-nourished children can be as high as:

Accepted Answer

A) 5 points. 
B) 10 points. 
C) 15 points. 
D) 20 points. 
A) 5 points. 
B) 10 points. 
C) 15 points. 
D) 20 points.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is impossible to know just how a particular individual's genes and personal history have interacted to produce him or her. 
B) The most effective approach to estimate the heritability of a trait or behavior is to compare blood relatives within families. 
C) Adopted children are studied because they share an environment with their adoptive parents and siblings,but do not share their genes. 
D) The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins. 
A) It is impossible to know just how a particular individual's genes and personal history have interacted to produce him or her. 
B) The most effective approach to estimate the heritability of a trait or behavior is to compare blood relatives within families. 
C) Adopted children are studied because they share an environment with their adoptive parents and siblings,but do not share their genes. 
D) The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins.

Question 8

Sociobiologists suggest that humans behave in ways that will:

Accepted Answer

A) optimize the chance of passing on their genes at the expense of the genes of their relatives. 
B) maximize the propagation of their genes and those of their relatives. 
C) optimize the chances for males,but not for females,to propagate their genes. 
D) maximize the survival of the fittest members of the community in which they live. 
A) optimize the chance of passing on their genes at the expense of the genes of their relatives. 
B) maximize the propagation of their genes and those of their relatives. 
C) optimize the chances for males,but not for females,to propagate their genes. 
D) maximize the survival of the fittest members of the community in which they live.

Question 9

There is no way to estimate the heritability of a trait or behavior directly,and so scientists must infer it.Explain,in detail,two approaches that are used.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 10

The A,T,C,and G molecules in DNA code for the synthesis of:

Accepted Answer

A) genes. 
B) amino acids. 
C) RNA. 
D) proteins. 
A) genes. 
B) amino acids. 
C) RNA. 
D) proteins.

Question 11

The average IQ gap between severely malnourished children and well-nourished children can be as high as 20 points.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

On average,behavioral-genetic studies estimate the heritability of intelligence to be about _______________ for children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A) .20 -.30 
B) .40 - .50 
C) .60 - .80 
D) .80 - 1.00 
A) .20 -.30 
B) .40 - .50 
C) .60 - .80 
D) .80 - 1.00

Question 13

The kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is highly heritable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sociobiologists agree that females compete with other females for access to young,fertile males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Each human chromosome has:

Accepted Answer

A) 23 pairs of genes. 
B) 23 genes. 
C) about 100 genes. 
D) thousands of genes. 
A) 23 pairs of genes. 
B) 23 genes. 
C) about 100 genes. 
D) thousands of genes.

Question 16

The kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is:

Accepted Answer

A) moderately to highly heritable. 
B) more heritable in children than adults. 
C) only slightly heritable. 
D) not heritable at all. 
A) moderately to highly heritable. 
B) more heritable in children than adults. 
C) only slightly heritable. 
D) not heritable at all.

Question 17

Briefly explain Darwin's theory regarding language.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the

Question 18

Psycholinguists have found that children combine words in ways that adults never would.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In Chapter Two (How Psychologists Do Research)one of the case studies was about a 13-year-old girl who had been rescued from a life of cruel abuse.Describe the details of Genie's first 13 years.What did her tragic experience indicate in regard to language development,as explained in Chapter Three (Evolution,Genes,and Behavior)?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 20

Prof.Sandoval emphasizes the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in human behavior.She is most likely to consider herself:

Accepted Answer

A) a cognitive psychologist. 
B) an evolutionary psychologist. 
C) a social Darwinist. 
D) a sociocultural psychologist. 
A) a cognitive psychologist. 
B) an evolutionary psychologist. 
C) a social Darwinist. 
D) a sociocultural psychologist.

Exam 3: Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

An example of a characteristic that is either present at birth in all humans or develops rapidly during maturation would be:

Infants as young as _______________ can derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds.

All of the following methods are used in assessing heritability EXCEPT:

Researchers in evolutionary psychology emphasize the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in areas of human psychology.

The average IQ gap between severely malnourished children and well-nourished children can be as high as:

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Sociobiologists suggest that humans behave in ways that will:

There is no way to estimate the heritability of a trait or behavior directly,and so scientists must infer it.Explain,in detail,two approaches that are used.

The A,T,C,and G molecules in DNA code for the synthesis of:

The average IQ gap between severely malnourished children and well-nourished children can be as high as 20 points.

On average,behavioral-genetic studies estimate the heritability of intelligence to be about _______________ for children and adolescents.

The kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is highly heritable.

Sociobiologists agree that females compete with other females for access to young,fertile males.

Each human chromosome has:

The kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is:

Briefly explain Darwin's theory regarding language.

Psycholinguists have found that children combine words in ways that adults never would.

Prof.Sandoval emphasizes the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in human behavior.She is most likely to consider herself:

What Is Psychology

Exstintion: What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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