Question 1

Which of the following is NOT part of the human biological heritage?

Accepted Answer

A) a love of play 
B) an avoidance of unfamiliar objects 
C) an ability to recognize faces 
D) a sucking reflex at birth 
A) a love of play 
B) an avoidance of unfamiliar objects 
C) an ability to recognize faces 
D) a sucking reflex at birth

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genes and traits?

Accepted Answer

A) Physical traits are usually determined by a single gene pair,whereas psychological traits are usually determined by multiple genes. 
B) Psychological traits are usually determined by a single gene pair,whereas physical traits are usually determined by multiple genes. 
C) Both physical and psychological traits are usually determined by multiple genes. 
D) Both physical and psychological traits are usually determined by a single gene. 
A) Physical traits are usually determined by a single gene pair,whereas psychological traits are usually determined by multiple genes. 
B) Psychological traits are usually determined by a single gene pair,whereas physical traits are usually determined by multiple genes. 
C) Both physical and psychological traits are usually determined by multiple genes. 
D) Both physical and psychological traits are usually determined by a single gene.

Question 3

In Chapter One (What Is Psychology?)the importance of critical thinking was noted.In particular,a critical thinker looks beyond the obvious and resists easy generalizations.Analyze the sex differences in courtship and mating that are common in cultures around the world and among nonhuman mammals.How would you respond to the following question: Do genes hold culture on a tight leash,a long,flexible leash,or no leash at all? (Make sure that you avoid oversimplification in your essay!)

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 4

Evolution is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality. 
B) a process in which individuals with genetically influenced traits that are adaptive in a particular environment tend to survive and reproduce. 
C) a change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations. 
D) an interdisciplinary field that emphasizes genetic explanations of social behavior in animals,including human beings. 
A) an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality. 
B) a process in which individuals with genetically influenced traits that are adaptive in a particular environment tend to survive and reproduce. 
C) a change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations. 
D) an interdisciplinary field that emphasizes genetic explanations of social behavior in animals,including human beings.

Question 5

It is clear that the kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is only weakly heritable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Although many environmental factors can cause lower intelligence,it is unlikely that environmental factors can cause improved intelligence. Our Human Diversity: The Case of Intelligence Page(s): 94 Type: Factual

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is a serious risk factor for delayed cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

For adults,heritability estimates average around .30 to .35; that is,about one-third of the variance in IQ scores is explainable by genetic differences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Why do gene frequencies in a population change? Why don't they stay the same from one generation to the next? Explain how the processes of mutation and crossing over can provide an answer to these questions.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 10

Language is defined as a system that combines meaningless elements,such as sounds or gestures,to form structured utterances that convey meaning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that if a trait exists,then it must have been adaptive to human survival.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to sociobiologists,females need to shop for the best genetic deal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Heritability estimates apply to specific individuals,to differences between groups,and to differences within groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_______________,the basic units of heredity,are located on chromosomes,rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell of the body.

Accepted Answer

A) Genomes 
B) Neural networks 
C) Genes 
D) Genetic markers 
A) Genomes 
B) Neural networks 
C) Genes 
D) Genetic markers

Question 15

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality.

Accepted Answer

A) Behavioral genetics 
B) Social Darwinism 
C) Behaviorism 
D) Functionalism 
A) Behavioral genetics 
B) Social Darwinism 
C) Behaviorism 
D) Functionalism

Question 16

The central distinction between human language and other communication systems is that language allows for the generation of an infinite number of new utterances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

By definition,two-thirds of all IQ test-takers score precisely at 100.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In Chapter One (What Is Psychology?)the importance of critical thinking was noted.In particular,a critical thinker knows that after a general question is raised,the next step is to define one's terms in a clear and concrete way.Chapter Two (How Psychologists Do Research)provided even more detail in the discussion of operational definitions.How do behavioral geneticists define the meaning of heritability? What does it mean when a trait is said to be "highly heritable"?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 19

Edward L.Thorndike,one of the leading psychologists of the early 1900s,claimed that in the actual race of life,the chief determining factor is interaction with the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to sociobiologists,males:

Accepted Answer

A) need to shop for the best genetic deal. 
B) are choosy in their choice of sexual partners. 
C) seek secure,stable relationships to ensure the fidelity of females. 
D) are promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty. 
A) need to shop for the best genetic deal. 
B) are choosy in their choice of sexual partners. 
C) seek secure,stable relationships to ensure the fidelity of females. 
D) are promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty.

Exam 3: Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

Which of the following is NOT part of the human biological heritage?

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genes and traits?

Evolution is defined as:

It is clear that the kind of intelligence that produces high IQ scores is only weakly heritable.

Although many environmental factors can cause lower intelligence,it is unlikely that environmental factors can cause improved intelligence. Our Human Diversity: The Case of Intelligence Page(s): 94 Type: Factual

Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is a serious risk factor for delayed cognitive development.

For adults,heritability estimates average around .30 to .35; that is,about one-third of the variance in IQ scores is explainable by genetic differences.

Why do gene frequencies in a population change? Why don't they stay the same from one generation to the next? Explain how the processes of mutation and crossing over can provide an answer to these questions.

Language is defined as a system that combines meaningless elements,such as sounds or gestures,to form structured utterances that convey meaning.

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that if a trait exists,then it must have been adaptive to human survival.

According to sociobiologists,females need to shop for the best genetic deal.

Heritability estimates apply to specific individuals,to differences between groups,and to differences within groups.

_______________,the basic units of heredity,are located on chromosomes,rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell of the body.

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality.

The central distinction between human language and other communication systems is that language allows for the generation of an infinite number of new utterances.

By definition,two-thirds of all IQ test-takers score precisely at 100.

Edward L.Thorndike,one of the leading psychologists of the early 1900s,claimed that in the actual race of life,the chief determining factor is interaction with the environment.

According to sociobiologists,males:

What Is Psychology

Exstintion: What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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