Question 1

The fundamental attribution error would be predicted to be especially prevalent in:

Accepted Answer

A) India. 
B) Britain. 
C) Kenya. 
D) Japan. 
A) India. 
B) Britain. 
C) Kenya. 
D) Japan.

Question 2

Researchers in the area of ___________________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis 
B) sociobiology 
C) social cognition 
D) behavorism 
A) psychoanalysis 
B) sociobiology 
C) social cognition 
D) behavorism

Question 3

Men are more likely to volunteer to serve in dangerous postings around the world in the Peace Corps.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What criticisms have been raised regarding Milgram's comparison of his study with the brutality of the Nazis in World War II?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 5

A norm is a given social position that is governed by a set of rules for proper behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

One way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members,in order to enhance allegiance to the group,is through the use of uniforms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When people are asked to think of heroes they personally know,they generally name men.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The part of a person's self-concept that is based on his or her identification with a nation,culture,or ethnic group or with gender or other roles in society is called:

Accepted Answer

A) the fundamental attribution error. 
B) self-serving bias. 
C) ethnocentrism. 
D) ethnic identity. 
A) the fundamental attribution error. 
B) self-serving bias. 
C) ethnocentrism. 
D) ethnic identity.

Question 9

A psychological cause of prejudice is to:

Accepted Answer

A) help people bond to their own ethnic group. 
B) increase self-esteem. 
C) increase conformity to social norms. 
D) make official forms of discrimination seem legitimate. 
A) help people bond to their own ethnic group. 
B) increase self-esteem. 
C) increase conformity to social norms. 
D) make official forms of discrimination seem legitimate.

Question 10

About _______________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

Accepted Answer

A) a fourth 
B) a third 
C) half 
D) two-thirds 
A) a fourth 
B) a third 
C) half 
D) two-thirds

Question 11

When hotels put notices in guest bathrooms that the majority of the guests reuse their towels,approximately ______ agree to participate in the reuse program.

Accepted Answer

A) 3/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1/3 
D) 1/4 
A) 3/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1/3 
D) 1/4

Question 12

The origins of prejudice suggest that:

Accepted Answer

A) it is a universal human experience. 
B) all prejudices have deep-seated psychological roots. 
C) prejudice is the primary cause of war. 
D) it cannot be explained by evolutionary theories. 
A) it is a universal human experience. 
B) all prejudices have deep-seated psychological roots. 
C) prejudice is the primary cause of war. 
D) it cannot be explained by evolutionary theories.

Question 13

Before Stanley Milgram conducted his study on obedience,he asked a number of psychiatrists,students,and middle-class adults how many people would go all the way to the highest voltage under the instructions of the authority.Milgram found that:

Accepted Answer

A) psychiatrists accurately predicted that about 45 percent of the participants would inflict what they thought were dangerous amounts of shock. 
B) students and middle-class adults accurately predicted that about 25 percent of the participants would inflict what they thought were dangerous amounts of shock. 
C) psychiatrists predicted that one person in a thousand would administer the highest voltage and the nonprofessionals agreed with this statement. 
D) psychiatrists,students,and middle-class adults accurately predicted that about 15 percent of the participants would inflict what they thought were dangerous amounts of shock. 
A) psychiatrists accurately predicted that about 45 percent of the participants would inflict what they thought were dangerous amounts of shock. 
B) students and middle-class adults accurately predicted that about 25 percent of the participants would inflict what they thought were dangerous amounts of shock. 
C) psychiatrists predicted that one person in a thousand would administer the highest voltage and the nonprofessionals agreed with this statement. 
D) psychiatrists,students,and middle-class adults accurately predicted that about 15 percent of the participants would inflict what they thought were dangerous amounts of shock.

Question 14

In Stanley Milgram's study on obedience,after the "learner" cried out in pain,85 percent of the participants refused to deliver any more shocks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The Robbers' Cave experiment showed that:

Accepted Answer

A) playing athletic games,such as football and baseball,reduces us-them hostility. 
B) watching movies together,and similar quiet interactions,reduces us-them hostility. 
C) engaging in mutually exciting activities,such as tug or war,reduces us-them hostility. 
D) interdependence in reaching mutual goals reduces us-them hostility. 
A) playing athletic games,such as football and baseball,reduces us-them hostility. 
B) watching movies together,and similar quiet interactions,reduces us-them hostility. 
C) engaging in mutually exciting activities,such as tug or war,reduces us-them hostility. 
D) interdependence in reaching mutual goals reduces us-them hostility.

Question 16

Before conducting his study on obedience,Stanley Milgram asked a number of psychiatrists,students,and middle-class adults to predict how many people they thought would deliver shocks at the highest levels.What predictions did they make?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 17

After a subject in his obedience experiment repeatedly protested and questioned the experimenter,Milgram commented that "He thinks he is killing someone,yet he uses the language of the tea table." What four factors help explain why an individual,such as this man,could become morally disengaged from the consequences of his actions?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 18

In order to study the power of the situation,researchers promoted deindividuation by having their subjects wear disguises.They found that:

Accepted Answer

A) regardless of disguise,the men delivered twice as much apparent electric shock as did the women. 
B) women who wore Ku Klux Klan-like disguises delivered twice as much apparent electric shock as undisguised women. 
C) women who wore nurses' uniforms delivered the same levels of apparent shock as women who wore Ku Klux Klan-like disguises. 
D) the clothing worn by the subjects in the study did not seem to influence their decisions to give apparent electric shocks. 
A) regardless of disguise,the men delivered twice as much apparent electric shock as did the women. 
B) women who wore Ku Klux Klan-like disguises delivered twice as much apparent electric shock as undisguised women. 
C) women who wore nurses' uniforms delivered the same levels of apparent shock as women who wore Ku Klux Klan-like disguises. 
D) the clothing worn by the subjects in the study did not seem to influence their decisions to give apparent electric shocks.

Question 19

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

Accepted Answer

A) the religious beliefs of the participant. 
B) the personality of the participant. 
C) the responses made by the learner. 
D) the situation of the experiment. 
A) the religious beliefs of the participant. 
B) the personality of the participant. 
C) the responses made by the learner. 
D) the situation of the experiment.

Question 20

The obedience study conducted by Stanley Milgram has become world famous.More than a thousand people at several American universities went through replications of the study.In addition,researchers in other countries,such as Spain and the Netherlands,have used Milgram's procedures.Explain,in detail,the procedures that Milgram used in his study and then analyze his results and those results found by other researchers.What conclusions did Milgram reach? How have critics reacted to his research?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Exam 8: Exstintion: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

The fundamental attribution error would be predicted to be especially prevalent in:

Researchers in the area of ___________________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

Men are more likely to volunteer to serve in dangerous postings around the world in the Peace Corps.

What criticisms have been raised regarding Milgram's comparison of his study with the brutality of the Nazis in World War II?

A norm is a given social position that is governed by a set of rules for proper behavior.

One way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members,in order to enhance allegiance to the group,is through the use of uniforms.

When people are asked to think of heroes they personally know,they generally name men.

The part of a person's self-concept that is based on his or her identification with a nation,culture,or ethnic group or with gender or other roles in society is called:

A psychological cause of prejudice is to:

About _______________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

When hotels put notices in guest bathrooms that the majority of the guests reuse their towels,approximately ______ agree to participate in the reuse program.

The origins of prejudice suggest that:

Before Stanley Milgram conducted his study on obedience,he asked a number of psychiatrists,students,and middle-class adults how many people would go all the way to the highest voltage under the instructions of the authority.Milgram found that:

In Stanley Milgram's study on obedience,after the "learner" cried out in pain,85 percent of the participants refused to deliver any more shocks.

The Robbers' Cave experiment showed that:

Before conducting his study on obedience,Stanley Milgram asked a number of psychiatrists,students,and middle-class adults to predict how many people they thought would deliver shocks at the highest levels.What predictions did they make?

In order to study the power of the situation,researchers promoted deindividuation by having their subjects wear disguises.They found that:

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

What Is Psychology

Exstintion: What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Exstintion: How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

Exstintion: Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Exstintion: Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Exstintion: Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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