Question 1

Which individual is affiliated with the terms,"collective unconscious," "archetypes," and "analytic psychology"?

Accepted Answer

A) Carl Rogers. 
B) Carl Jung. 
C) Alfred Adler. 
D) Abraham Maslow. 
A) Carl Rogers. 
B) Carl Jung. 
C) Alfred Adler. 
D) Abraham Maslow.

Question 2

A child reads his sister a children's story about a little locomotive that reaches the top of a hill because it thinks it can.Which one of Bandura's concepts is being highlighted?

Accepted Answer

A) self-efficacy. 
B) reciprocal determinism. 
C) observational learning. 
D) optimism. 
A) self-efficacy. 
B) reciprocal determinism. 
C) observational learning. 
D) optimism.

Question 3

The observation that personality ratings across time and among different observers are consistent,while behaviour ratings of a person across situations are not consistent,is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The observation that personality ratings across time...

Question 4

Which of the following is most likely an example of self-handicapping behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) A student is not happy unless he gets higher grades,runs faster,and has a nicer car than his friends. 
B) A student likes others to think that she makes "A's" without studying and wins diving competitions without practicing. 
C) A young musician smashes his favourite violin bow on the ground the day before he is to play in a recital. 
D) A woman tells her husband that she could have been a great actress if she hadn't married him and had children. 
A) A student is not happy unless he gets higher grades,runs faster,and has a nicer car than his friends. 
B) A student likes others to think that she makes "A's" without studying and wins diving competitions without practicing. 
C) A young musician smashes his favourite violin bow on the ground the day before he is to play in a recital. 
D) A woman tells her husband that she could have been a great actress if she hadn't married him and had children.

Question 5

Humanistic,social-learning,and cognitive theories differ dramatically from the psychodynamic approach.Give capsule summaries of the theories of Carl Rogers,Walter Mischel,Albert Bandura,and Nancy Cantor.What are the strengths and weaknesses of each theory?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers is a humanist.Include a brie

Question 6

A psychologist uses a personality inventory that assesses thirty separate traits that are organized within the major factors of the five-factor model of personality.Which test is the psychologist most likely using?

Accepted Answer

A) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. 
B) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory -2. 
C) Thematic Apperception Test. 
D) NEO Personality Inventory. 
A) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. 
B) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory -2. 
C) Thematic Apperception Test. 
D) NEO Personality Inventory.

Question 7

Which personality theory most strongly emphasizes situational determinants of behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) trait 
B) psychodynamic 
C) humanistic 
D) social-learning 
A) trait 
B) psychodynamic 
C) humanistic 
D) social-learning

Question 8

Agreeableness,conscientiousness,and openness to experience are three of the bipolar dimensions that make up the five-factor model of personality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A professor acknowledges that he is not a proponent of Freud's theory of personality.One day he begins the lecture by saying,"Today we will be discussing the weaknesses in Fraud's theory of personality." What does the professor's error illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A) the collective unconscious. 
B) the consistency paradox. 
C) a fixation. 
D) a Freudian slip. 
A) the collective unconscious. 
B) the consistency paradox. 
C) a fixation. 
D) a Freudian slip.

Question 10

Mario is playing the role of the ego in Freud's theory of personality.What would be Mario's major function?

Accepted Answer

A) search for immediate sexual gratification without concern for consequences. 
B) mediate between the id impulses and the superego demands. 
C) satisfy the inner voice of "oughts" and "should nots" at any cost. 
D) work toward achieving the ego ideal. 
A) search for immediate sexual gratification without concern for consequences. 
B) mediate between the id impulses and the superego demands. 
C) satisfy the inner voice of "oughts" and "should nots" at any cost. 
D) work toward achieving the ego ideal.

Question 11

In general,trait theories of personality emphasize situational factors and social-learning theories emphasize dispositional factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Imagine that Carl Rogers is on a talk show handling questions about child-rearing practices.A parent calls in and asks how he should handle his son,who deliberately pushed another child off a bicycle.What approach would Carl Rogers most likely suggest to the parent?

Accepted Answer

A) give the child a time out from one of his favourite activities. 
B) tell the child,"Go to your room without supper." 
C) promote the benefits of humanistic counselling. 
D) tell the child,"Trying to hurt another child is a bad thing to do." 
A) give the child a time out from one of his favourite activities. 
B) tell the child,"Go to your room without supper." 
C) promote the benefits of humanistic counselling. 
D) tell the child,"Trying to hurt another child is a bad thing to do."

Question 13

The university is going to sponsor a lecture by a humanistic personality theorist.What will the speaker most likely express with respect to humans?

Accepted Answer

A) They are very similar in their tendencies. 
B) They are primarily motivated by the libido. 
C) They are striving toward self-actualization. 
D) They are generally negative in their view of the world. 
A) They are very similar in their tendencies. 
B) They are primarily motivated by the libido. 
C) They are striving toward self-actualization. 
D) They are generally negative in their view of the world.

Question 14

Although Leeza is certain that she will succeed as an actress,she does not believe that her parents will support this career choice.In the context of Bandura's work,which term best characterizes Leeza's beliefs about her future?

Accepted Answer

A) conditions of worth. 
B) an outcome-based expectation. 
C) self-handicapping. 
D) learned helplessness. 
A) conditions of worth. 
B) an outcome-based expectation. 
C) self-handicapping. 
D) learned helplessness.

Question 15

Gilles considers himself to be a very honest person.According to the psychological research on the consistency of behaviour across situations,what other behaviour can be expected of Gilles?

Accepted Answer

A) He will be honest in all situations. 
B) He may be honest in some,but not all,situations. 
C) He will actually be dishonest in many situations. 
D) He may not be very conscious of his actual level of honesty. 
A) He will be honest in all situations. 
B) He may be honest in some,but not all,situations. 
C) He will actually be dishonest in many situations. 
D) He may not be very conscious of his actual level of honesty.

Question 16

You have just taken a personality inventory that measures the five-factor model of personality and received a profile sheet that shows your standardized scores relative to a large normative sample on each of the five major dimensions.The test you have taken is probably the MMPI-2.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to Freud,what is the major task of the latency stage?

Accepted Answer

A) resolution of the Oedipus complex 
B) weaning 
C) toilet training 
D) development of defense mechanisms 
A) resolution of the Oedipus complex 
B) weaning 
C) toilet training 
D) development of defense mechanisms

Question 18

A new father decides that spending more time at home with the family is more important than working overtime and making more money.According to Nancy Cantor's view of personality,on what basis did this man decide to refuse overtime work?

Accepted Answer

A) choice of life goals. 
B) knowledge of social interactions. 
C) strategies for implementing goals. 
D) interpersonal intelligence. 
A) choice of life goals. 
B) knowledge of social interactions. 
C) strategies for implementing goals. 
D) interpersonal intelligence.

Question 19

A man has had a particularly frustrating day at work and because of some errors by others he won't make his sales goals.When he arrives home a bicycle blocks his way into the garage,so he picks it up and throws it across the yard into some bushes.Which defense mechanism is being characterized?

Accepted Answer

A) denial. 
B) regression. 
C) reaction formation. 
D) displacement. 
A) denial. 
B) regression. 
C) reaction formation. 
D) displacement.

Question 20

According to Gordon Allport,which traits represent the overarching elements of personality?

Accepted Answer

A) central 
B) cardinal 
C) primary 
D) secondary 
A) central 
B) cardinal 
C) primary 
D) secondary

Exam 14: A: Understanding Human Personality

Which individual is affiliated with the terms,"collective unconscious," "archetypes," and "analytic psychology"?

A child reads his sister a children's story about a little locomotive that reaches the top of a hill because it thinks it can.Which one of Bandura's concepts is being highlighted?

The observation that personality ratings across time and among different observers are consistent,while behaviour ratings of a person across situations are not consistent,is called the __________.

Which of the following is most likely an example of self-handicapping behaviour?

Humanistic,social-learning,and cognitive theories differ dramatically from the psychodynamic approach.Give capsule summaries of the theories of Carl Rogers,Walter Mischel,Albert Bandura,and Nancy Cantor.What are the strengths and weaknesses of each theory?

A psychologist uses a personality inventory that assesses thirty separate traits that are organized within the major factors of the five-factor model of personality.Which test is the psychologist most likely using?

Which personality theory most strongly emphasizes situational determinants of behaviour?

Agreeableness,conscientiousness,and openness to experience are three of the bipolar dimensions that make up the five-factor model of personality.

A professor acknowledges that he is not a proponent of Freud's theory of personality.One day he begins the lecture by saying,"Today we will be discussing the weaknesses in Fraud's theory of personality." What does the professor's error illustrate?

Mario is playing the role of the ego in Freud's theory of personality.What would be Mario's major function?

In general,trait theories of personality emphasize situational factors and social-learning theories emphasize dispositional factors.

Imagine that Carl Rogers is on a talk show handling questions about child-rearing practices.A parent calls in and asks how he should handle his son,who deliberately pushed another child off a bicycle.What approach would Carl Rogers most likely suggest to the parent?

The university is going to sponsor a lecture by a humanistic personality theorist.What will the speaker most likely express with respect to humans?

Although Leeza is certain that she will succeed as an actress,she does not believe that her parents will support this career choice.In the context of Bandura's work,which term best characterizes Leeza's beliefs about her future?

Gilles considers himself to be a very honest person.According to the psychological research on the consistency of behaviour across situations,what other behaviour can be expected of Gilles?

You have just taken a personality inventory that measures the five-factor model of personality and received a profile sheet that shows your standardized scores relative to a large normative sample on each of the five major dimensions.The test you have taken is probably the MMPI-2.

According to Freud,what is the major task of the latency stage?

A new father decides that spending more time at home with the family is more important than working overtime and making more money.According to Nancy Cantor's view of personality,on what basis did this man decide to refuse overtime work?

A man has had a particularly frustrating day at work and because of some errors by others he won't make his sales goals.When he arrives home a bicycle blocks his way into the garage,so he picks it up and throws it across the yard into some bushes.Which defense mechanism is being characterized?

According to Gordon Allport,which traits represent the overarching elements of personality?

Psychology and Life

A: Psychology and Life

Research Methods in Psychology

A: Research Methods in Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behaviour

A: Evolutionary Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: the Biological Bases of Behaviour

Mind,consciousness,and Alternate States

A: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

A: Mind,consciousness,and Alternate States

Memory

A: Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

Cognitive Processes

A: Memory

Intelligence and Intelligence Assessment

A: Cognitive Processes

Human Development Across the Life Span

A: Intelligence and Intelligence Assessment

Motivation

A: Human Development Across the Life Span

Emotion,stress,and Health

A: Emotion,stress,and Health

Understanding Human Personality

Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

A: Social Psychology

Filters