Question 1

A girl who forms a club believes that the members of her club are better than the members of her ex-friend's club.What does this girl's belief illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A) an in-group bias. 
B) an out-group bias. 
C) diffusion of responsibility. 
D) demand characteristics. 
A) an in-group bias. 
B) an out-group bias. 
C) diffusion of responsibility. 
D) demand characteristics.

Question 2

When Liu answers the doorbell,she encounters a young person who hands her a free laminated bookmark and then asks if she would be interested in subscribing to some magazines.What concept lies at the root of this sales technique?

Accepted Answer

A) self-perception. 
B) commitment. 
C) reciprocity. 
D) scarcity. 
A) self-perception. 
B) commitment. 
C) reciprocity. 
D) scarcity.

Question 3

A sign in a restaurant says,"Turn Off All Cellphones." This is an example of an implicit rule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Imagine that Amos is a participant in Stanley Milgram's experiment on obedience to authority.As the experiment progresses,Amos begins to hesitate and protests that he does not want to continue with the experiment.How will the experimenter respond?

Accepted Answer

A) end the study. 
B) verbally order Amos to continue. 
C) present a shock to the learner. 
D) ask Amos to switch places with the learner. 
A) end the study. 
B) verbally order Amos to continue. 
C) present a shock to the learner. 
D) ask Amos to switch places with the learner.

Question 5

A teammate struck out three times in the softball game last night.In applying the covariation principle to understand the cause of his performance,how should the the "consistency" dimension be applied?

Accepted Answer

A) Determine if others who played in the game also struck out. 
B) Determine if the pitcher was consistently overwhelming the batters. 
C) Determine if he would have performed better with a different pitcher. 
D) Determine if he has struck out often in the past. 
A) Determine if others who played in the game also struck out. 
B) Determine if the pitcher was consistently overwhelming the batters. 
C) Determine if he would have performed better with a different pitcher. 
D) Determine if he has struck out often in the past.

Question 6

In a study that is described in the textbook,excerpts from American and Japanese newspapers and television reports regarding athletes in the 2000 Olympics were analyzed for causal statements.What did the results demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) American writers tended to make stronger situational attributions. 
B) Japanese writers tended to consider a broad range of factors. 
C) By being objective,most of the writers overcame the tendency to make the fundamental attribution error. 
D) The fundamental attribution error is a universal tendency. 
A) American writers tended to make stronger situational attributions. 
B) Japanese writers tended to consider a broad range of factors. 
C) By being objective,most of the writers overcame the tendency to make the fundamental attribution error. 
D) The fundamental attribution error is a universal tendency.

Question 7

While walking on campus one day Sage overhears a person make the remark,"All college professors are absentminded." Which term best reflects this statement?

Accepted Answer

A) a stereotype. 
B) behavioural confirmation. 
C) racism. 
D) in-group bias. 
A) a stereotype. 
B) behavioural confirmation. 
C) racism. 
D) in-group bias.

Question 8

What is conformity,and how has it been studied in the lab? What are two types of forces that may lead to conformity? What factors decrease the likelihood that someone will conform?

Accepted Answer

Conformity is the tendency for people to

Question 9

In autokinetic effect studies,researchers will sometimes replace one group member with a new member after each set of trials until all the members are new to the situation.What is the primary purpose of this approach?

Accepted Answer

A) To demonstrate the importance of informational influence. 
B) To demonstrate the power of normative influence. 
C) To demonstrate the autokinetic effect. 
D) To demonstrate the transgenerational influence of norms. 
A) To demonstrate the importance of informational influence. 
B) To demonstrate the power of normative influence. 
C) To demonstrate the autokinetic effect. 
D) To demonstrate the transgenerational influence of norms.

Question 10

Despite its importance in the area of child development,the concept of adult attachment style has not shown itself to be especially valuable as a predictor of adult relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What implication can one derive from cross-cultural research on the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

A) situational biases are inborn. 
B) dispositional biases are inborn. 
C) dispositional and situational biases are culturally shaped. 
D) children respond with a situational bias,which becomes dispositional in adulthood. 
A) situational biases are inborn. 
B) dispositional biases are inborn. 
C) dispositional and situational biases are culturally shaped. 
D) children respond with a situational bias,which becomes dispositional in adulthood.

Question 12

One juror does not agree that the defendant is guilty "beyond a reasonable doubt." Based on the research of Solomon Asch,under which condition would the juror be less likely to eventually conform to the verdict of the majority?

Accepted Answer

A) If he or she is "doubt-ridden." 
B) If the juror is a female. 
C) If one other juror decides the dissenter is right. 
D) If the evidence clearly supports the majority decision. 
A) If he or she is "doubt-ridden." 
B) If the juror is a female. 
C) If one other juror decides the dissenter is right. 
D) If the evidence clearly supports the majority decision.

Question 13

According to the authors of the textbook,how can the effects of the fundamental attribution error be minimized?

Accepted Answer

A) By becoming more aware of the dispositional forces that are often invisible to the observer. 
B) By trying to identify situational forces that may have caused a behaviour. 
C) By refraining from engaging in "attributional charity." 
D) By speaking with individuals before making judgments about their actions. 
A) By becoming more aware of the dispositional forces that are often invisible to the observer. 
B) By trying to identify situational forces that may have caused a behaviour. 
C) By refraining from engaging in "attributional charity." 
D) By speaking with individuals before making judgments about their actions.

Question 14

Which statement best illustrates the self-perception theory of Daryl Bem?

Accepted Answer

A) "I eat brown bread because I like it." 
B) "I married him,so I must love him." 
C) "I can see myself being a successful attorney." 
D) "Everybody likes me." 
A) "I eat brown bread because I like it." 
B) "I married him,so I must love him." 
C) "I can see myself being a successful attorney." 
D) "Everybody likes me."

Question 15

Researchers have found little support for the old adage that "birds of a feather flock together." In fact,people with different attitudes and beliefs are more likely to develop long-lasting relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

For an individual who holds a false belief to be labeled as prejudiced,what must be true of the false belief?

Accepted Answer

A) It must be unconscious. 
B) It must lead to an attitude of preference toward another human being. 
C) It must resist change even in the face of evidence against its validity. 
D) It must be based on cultural norms of proper behaviour. 
A) It must be unconscious. 
B) It must lead to an attitude of preference toward another human being. 
C) It must resist change even in the face of evidence against its validity. 
D) It must be based on cultural norms of proper behaviour.

Question 17

When you evaluate the group you belong to as better than others,you are demonstrating what is called an in-group bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Brigitte takes great pride in her critical thinking ability.When others try to convince her to adopt their viewpoint,Brigitte likes to think carefully about the value of their persuasive argument.According to the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion,which route to persuasion is being characterized?

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) central 
D) peripheral 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) central 
D) peripheral

Question 19

Which process results in a "me versus not me" and "us versus them" orientation?

Accepted Answer

A) social comparison. 
B) social discrimination. 
C) social categorization. 
D) social evaluation. 
A) social comparison. 
B) social discrimination. 
C) social categorization. 
D) social evaluation.

Question 20

Distinctiveness,consistency,and consensus are three components of the fundamental attribution error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: A: Social Psychology

A girl who forms a club believes that the members of her club are better than the members of her ex-friend's club.What does this girl's belief illustrate?

When Liu answers the doorbell,she encounters a young person who hands her a free laminated bookmark and then asks if she would be interested in subscribing to some magazines.What concept lies at the root of this sales technique?

A sign in a restaurant says,"Turn Off All Cellphones." This is an example of an implicit rule.

Imagine that Amos is a participant in Stanley Milgram's experiment on obedience to authority.As the experiment progresses,Amos begins to hesitate and protests that he does not want to continue with the experiment.How will the experimenter respond?

A teammate struck out three times in the softball game last night.In applying the covariation principle to understand the cause of his performance,how should the the "consistency" dimension be applied?

In a study that is described in the textbook,excerpts from American and Japanese newspapers and television reports regarding athletes in the 2000 Olympics were analyzed for causal statements.What did the results demonstrate?

While walking on campus one day Sage overhears a person make the remark,"All college professors are absentminded." Which term best reflects this statement?

What is conformity,and how has it been studied in the lab? What are two types of forces that may lead to conformity? What factors decrease the likelihood that someone will conform?

In autokinetic effect studies,researchers will sometimes replace one group member with a new member after each set of trials until all the members are new to the situation.What is the primary purpose of this approach?

Despite its importance in the area of child development,the concept of adult attachment style has not shown itself to be especially valuable as a predictor of adult relationships.

What implication can one derive from cross-cultural research on the fundamental attribution error?

One juror does not agree that the defendant is guilty "beyond a reasonable doubt." Based on the research of Solomon Asch,under which condition would the juror be less likely to eventually conform to the verdict of the majority?

According to the authors of the textbook,how can the effects of the fundamental attribution error be minimized?

Which statement best illustrates the self-perception theory of Daryl Bem?

Researchers have found little support for the old adage that "birds of a feather flock together." In fact,people with different attitudes and beliefs are more likely to develop long-lasting relationships.

For an individual who holds a false belief to be labeled as prejudiced,what must be true of the false belief?

When you evaluate the group you belong to as better than others,you are demonstrating what is called an in-group bias.

Which process results in a "me versus not me" and "us versus them" orientation?

Distinctiveness,consistency,and consensus are three components of the fundamental attribution error.

Psychology and Life

A: Psychology and Life

Research Methods in Psychology

A: Research Methods in Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behaviour

A: Evolutionary Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: the Biological Bases of Behaviour

Mind,consciousness,and Alternate States

A: Sensation and Perception

Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

A: Mind,consciousness,and Alternate States

Memory

A: Learning and Bahaviour Analysis

Cognitive Processes

A: Memory

Intelligence and Intelligence Assessment

A: Cognitive Processes

Human Development Across the Life Span

A: Intelligence and Intelligence Assessment

Motivation

A: Human Development Across the Life Span

Emotion,stress,and Health

A: Emotion,stress,and Health

Understanding Human Personality

A: Understanding Human Personality

Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

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