Exam 17: A: Social Psychology

Which term refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the decisions that would be made by the members acting alone?

One of the most important inferential tasks facing people is to determine the causes of events.How have psychologists approached the attributional process? How do explanations of outcomes that occur to one compare to explanations of outcomes that occur to others? Are these explanations common to all cultures? Finally,describe how psychologists have studied self-fulfilling prophecies.

A man risks his own life to save a little boy from a burning building,even though he was not related to the little boy.From the perspective of a social psychologist,which term best captures this phenomenon?

Which attachment style is at the root of the most enduring adult romantic relationships?

In a study that is mentioned in the textbook,male and female undergraduates in the United States and in India were asked the question,"If a man (woman)had all the other qualities you desired,would you marry this person if you were not in love with him (her)?" What were the results of the study?

What has the research on the relationship between frustration and aggression led theorists to conclude?

What approach did Bibb Latané and John Darley take to explore the circumstances under which people will or will not help in emergencies?

In a classic study by Robert Rosenthal and Leonore Jacobson,teacher expectations were shown to affect students' IQ scores.

One day,Ed's grandfather notices that he is reading about Solomon Asch's study of conformity and tells you that he was a participant in the original study.When Ed asks his grandfather how he behaved,he says that he reacted like most of the other participants.How did Ed's grandfather most likely behave?

What has research revealed about the self-serving bias in educational environments?

One of the rules that dominates human behaviour is that when someone does something for you,you should do something for that person as well.This is called the __________.

Which conclusion about the contact hypothesis was strongly supported by a review of 515 studies?

Critics of the political process often claim that political campaigning focuses,to a substantial degree,on appearances rather than issues.If this is the case,which route to persuasion do political advertisments most likely emphasize?

A man has never attended a certain type of religious service before so he looks to others to know what to do and how to act.Which processes underlie this man's conforming behaviour?

According to the __________ principle,people should attribute a behaviour to a causal factor if that factor is present whenever the behaviour occurs,but is absent whenever the behaviour does not occur.

After a close play at the plate during a baseball game,one fan believes that the runner was safe while another fan sitting next to him believes the runner was out.From a social psychology perspective,how do the two fans differ?

When asked to rate the job that a Member of Parliament has done,a politician responds,"I think the MP has introduced several important pieces of legislation." In the context of attitudes,which term best reflects this statement?

Irving Janis coined the term __________ for the tendency of a decision-making group to filter out undesirable input so that a consensus may be reached,especially if it is in line with the leader's viewpoint.

Based on the research of Irving Janis,which approach should be taken to prevent groupthink from occurring in groups?

Where is an attributional psychologist most likely to look for the causes of behaviour?