Question 1

Match the following.
-citric acid cycle

Accepted Answer

A) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the stage of catabolism in which acetyl-CoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2 
D) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy 
E) the universal energy currency of the cell;a molecule used to transfer energy
F)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
G)the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP 
A) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the stage of catabolism in which acetyl-CoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2 
D) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy 
E) the universal energy currency of the cell;a molecule used to transfer energy
F)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
G)the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP

Question 2

All of the following chemicals are involved in the citric acid cycle except

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl-CoA. 
B) isocitrate. 
C) succinate. 
D) malate. 
E) ascorbate. 
A) acetyl-CoA. 
B) isocitrate. 
C) succinate. 
D) malate. 
E) ascorbate.

Question 3

How many ATP molecules are formed for each FADH2 molecule brought into complex II?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 4

All of the following are specific requirements for energy in biochemical processes except

Accepted Answer

A) stored energy must be in a form that is chemically accessible. 
B) release of energy from storage must occur at a carefully controlled rate. 
C) release of energy from food must occur gradually. 
D) energy needed for unfavorable reactions must be available in the form of heat. 
E) the correct amount of heat must be released from biochemical reactions to maintain body temperature. 
A) stored energy must be in a form that is chemically accessible. 
B) release of energy from storage must occur at a carefully controlled rate. 
C) release of energy from food must occur gradually. 
D) energy needed for unfavorable reactions must be available in the form of heat. 
E) the correct amount of heat must be released from biochemical reactions to maintain body temperature.

Question 5

Which of the following cofactors is used in fatty acid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) NADH 
B) FAD 
C) NADPH 
D) FADH2 
E) NAD+ 
A) NADH 
B) FAD 
C) NADPH 
D) FADH2 
E) NAD+

Question 6

Which of the following reactions of the citric acid cycle is a decarboxylation occurring?

Accepted Answer

A) conversion of succinyl CoA to sucicinyl 
B) conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate 
C) α-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA 
D) All three reactions are decarboxylations. 
E) only B and C 
A) conversion of succinyl CoA to sucicinyl 
B) conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate 
C) α-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA 
D) All three reactions are decarboxylations. 
E) only B and C

Question 7

Match the following.
-catabolism

Accepted Answer

A) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the stage of catabolism in which acetyl-CoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2 
D) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy 
E) the universal energy currency of the cell;a molecule used to transfer energy
F)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
G)the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP 
A) the molecule produced from digestion products in the second stage of catabolism 
B) metabolic processes that consume energy in order to build molecules 
C) the stage of catabolism in which acetyl-CoA is oxidized to produce ATP,reduced coenzymes,and CO2 
D) metabolic processes that break down large molecules,thereby releasing energy 
E) the universal energy currency of the cell;a molecule used to transfer energy
F)a molecule that can be phosphorylated as a means of temporarily storing energy
G)the stage of catabolism in which complex food molecules are broken down into simpler substances for transport and/or further reaction
H)the stage of catabolism in which the energy stored in reduced coenzymes is converted to ATP

Question 8

In the first step of the citric acid cycle,acetyl-CoA reacts with ________ to produce ________,which is isomerized to ________ in the second step.

Accepted Answer

A) succinate;fumarate;malate 
B) succinate;malate;fumarate 
C) oxaloacetate;isocitrate;citrate 
D) oxaloacetate;citrate;isocitrate 
E) aconitase;isocitrate;citrate 
A) succinate;fumarate;malate 
B) succinate;malate;fumarate 
C) oxaloacetate;isocitrate;citrate 
D) oxaloacetate;citrate;isocitrate 
E) aconitase;isocitrate;citrate

Question 9

In addition to producing ATP,the citric acid cycle produces ________ as high energy molecules and ________ as its major chemical waste product.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidized coenzymes;H2O 
B) oxidized coenzymes;CO2 
C) reduced coenzymes;H2O 
D) reduced coenzymes;CO2 
E) ADP;O2 
A) oxidized coenzymes;H2O 
B) oxidized coenzymes;CO2 
C) reduced coenzymes;H2O 
D) reduced coenzymes;CO2 
E) ADP;O2

Question 10

The abbreviation ATP stands for

Accepted Answer

A) adenine + three phosphates. 
B) adenosine triphosphate. 
C) adenosine tetraphosphate. 
D) anabolic triple phosphate. 
E) alanine triphosphate. 
A) adenine + three phosphates. 
B) adenosine triphosphate. 
C) adenosine tetraphosphate. 
D) anabolic triple phosphate. 
E) alanine triphosphate.

Question 11

The formation of acetyl coenzyme A is an example of a(an)________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) esterification 
B) redox 
C) addition 
D) acid/base 
E) elimination 
A) esterification 
B) redox 
C) addition 
D) acid/base 
E) elimination

Question 12

The purpose of coupling two biochemical reactions is to

Accepted Answer

A) lower the activation energies of both reactions. 
B) convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic one. 
C) convert an exergonic reaction to an endergonic one. 
D) use an endergonic reaction to drive an exergonic reaction. 
E) use an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction. 
A) lower the activation energies of both reactions. 
B) convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic one. 
C) convert an exergonic reaction to an endergonic one. 
D) use an endergonic reaction to drive an exergonic reaction. 
E) use an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.

Question 13

The process of converting ADP to ATP in the mitochondrion takes place by a process known as

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative phosphorylation. 
B) chemiosmosis. 
C) respiration. 
D) reductive phosphorylation. 
E) chemiosmotic phosphorylation. 
A) oxidative phosphorylation. 
B) chemiosmosis. 
C) respiration. 
D) reductive phosphorylation. 
E) chemiosmotic phosphorylation.

Question 14

Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxidation can be considered as loss of hydrogen or gain of oxygen. 
B) Reduction can be considered as gain of hydrogen or loss of oxygen. 
C) NAD+ is the oxidized form of NADH. 
D) An oxidation reaction cannot occur unless a reduction reaction also occurs. 
E) FAD is the reduced form of FADH2. 
A) Oxidation can be considered as loss of hydrogen or gain of oxygen. 
B) Reduction can be considered as gain of hydrogen or loss of oxygen. 
C) NAD+ is the oxidized form of NADH. 
D) An oxidation reaction cannot occur unless a reduction reaction also occurs. 
E) FAD is the reduced form of FADH2.

Question 15

Harmful byproducts of biochemical oxidation include

Accepted Answer

A) superoxide dismutase and catalase. 
B) vitamins A,C,and E. 
C) superoxide ions and hydroxyl free radicals. 
D) ATP. 
E) coenzyme Q. 
A) superoxide dismutase and catalase. 
B) vitamins A,C,and E. 
C) superoxide ions and hydroxyl free radicals. 
D) ATP. 
E) coenzyme Q.

Question 16

Which reaction of the citric acid cycle generates the high energy molecule GTP?

Accepted Answer

A) citrate to isocitrate 
B) isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate 
C) α-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA 
D) succinyl CoA to succinate 
E) succinate to fumarate 
A) citrate to isocitrate 
B) isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate 
C) α-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA 
D) succinyl CoA to succinate 
E) succinate to fumarate

Question 17

The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP ________ 7 kcal/mol of energy and is an ________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) releases;endergonic 
B) consumes;exergonic 
C) releases;exergonic 
D) consumes;endergonic 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) releases;endergonic 
B) consumes;exergonic 
C) releases;exergonic 
D) consumes;endergonic 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 18

Metabolism is composed of which process(es)?

Accepted Answer

A) anabolism 
B) catabolism 
C) oncologism 
D) both A and B 
E) both B and C 
A) anabolism 
B) catabolism 
C) oncologism 
D) both A and B 
E) both B and C

Question 19

The metal that acts as an electron carrier in the cytochromes in the electron transport chain is

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium. 
B) chromium. 
C) iron. 
D) cobalt. 
E) hydrogen. 
A) magnesium. 
B) chromium. 
C) iron. 
D) cobalt. 
E) hydrogen.

Question 20

Which of the following organelles is involved in protein synthesis and transport?

Accepted Answer

A) Golgi apparatus 
B) lysosome 
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D) mitochondria 
E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A) Golgi apparatus 
B) lysosome 
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D) mitochondria 
E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Exam 21: The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Match the following. -citric acid cycle

All of the following chemicals are involved in the citric acid cycle except

How many ATP molecules are formed for each FADH2 molecule brought into complex II?

All of the following are specific requirements for energy in biochemical processes except

Which of the following cofactors is used in fatty acid synthesis?

Which of the following reactions of the citric acid cycle is a decarboxylation occurring?

Match the following. -catabolism

In the first step of the citric acid cycle,acetyl-CoA reacts with ________ to produce ________,which is isomerized to ________ in the second step.

In addition to producing ATP,the citric acid cycle produces ________ as high energy molecules and ________ as its major chemical waste product.

The abbreviation ATP stands for

The formation of acetyl coenzyme A is an example of a(an)________ reaction.

The purpose of coupling two biochemical reactions is to

The process of converting ADP to ATP in the mitochondrion takes place by a process known as

Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect?

Harmful byproducts of biochemical oxidation include

Which reaction of the citric acid cycle generates the high energy molecule GTP?

The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP ________ 7 kcal/mol of energy and is an ________ reaction.

Metabolism is composed of which process(es)?

The metal that acts as an electron carrier in the cytochromes in the electron transport chain is

Which of the following organelles is involved in protein synthesis and transport?

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

Body Fluids

Filters

How many ATP molecules are formed for each FADH₂ molecule brought into complex II?

In the first step of the citric acid cycle,acetyl-CoA reacts with to produce ,which is isomerized to in the second step.

In addition to producing ATP,the citric acid cycle produces as high energy molecules and as its major chemical waste product.

The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP 7 kcal/mol of energy and is an reaction.