Question 1

High density lipoproteins contain a greater amount of ________ than do low density lipoproteins.

Accepted Answer

A) protein 
B) lipids 
C) triglycerides 
D) cholesterol 
E) fatty acids 
A) protein 
B) lipids 
C) triglycerides 
D) cholesterol 
E) fatty acids

Question 2

Glycerol produced as a byproduct of metabolism of lipids is converted to ________,which can be isomerized to a compound that can enter glycolysis or gluconeogenesis.

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids 
B) citrate 
C) dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
D) acetone 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) fatty acids 
B) citrate 
C) dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
D) acetone 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 3

Ketogenesis occurs from a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) underproduction of ketone bodies. 
B) consumption of too much sugar. 
C) overproduction of acetyl CoA. 
D) underproduction of acetyl CoA. 
E) overproduction of ketone bodies. 
A) underproduction of ketone bodies. 
B) consumption of too much sugar. 
C) overproduction of acetyl CoA. 
D) underproduction of acetyl CoA. 
E) overproduction of ketone bodies.

Question 4

Which statements are true for the process of β-oxidation?
I.It occurs in the mitochondria.
II.Acyl carrier proteins are involved.
III.NADPH is the coenzyme.
IV.The molecule increases in length by two carbons.
V.Energy is released in the process.

Accepted Answer

A) I,III,V 
B) II,IV 
C) I,V 
D) I,II,III,IV,V 
E) II,III,IV 
A) I,III,V 
B) II,IV 
C) I,V 
D) I,II,III,IV,V 
E) II,III,IV

Question 5

Ketone bodies are primarily produced in ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A) brain 
B) heart 
C) liver 
D) kidney 
E) red blood 
A) brain 
B) heart 
C) liver 
D) kidney 
E) red blood

Question 6

Match the following.
-ketonuria

Accepted Answer

A) results from increased concentrations of ketone bodies in the blood 
B) the catabolic reaction in which fatty acids are broken down two carbons at a time 
C) the anabolic process of synthesizing fatty acids 
D) presence of ketone bodies in the urine 
A) results from increased concentrations of ketone bodies in the blood 
B) the catabolic reaction in which fatty acids are broken down two carbons at a time 
C) the anabolic process of synthesizing fatty acids 
D) presence of ketone bodies in the urine

Question 7

The synthesis of fatty acids

Accepted Answer

A) takes place by simply the reverse reactions of the fatty acid spiral. 
B) takes place in the same location within a cell as the fatty acid spiral. 
C) takes place by different reactions than the reverse of the fatty acid spiral and in a different cellular location. 
D) More than one response is correct. 
E) No response is correct. 
A) takes place by simply the reverse reactions of the fatty acid spiral. 
B) takes place in the same location within a cell as the fatty acid spiral. 
C) takes place by different reactions than the reverse of the fatty acid spiral and in a different cellular location. 
D) More than one response is correct. 
E) No response is correct.

Question 8

Fatty acids are activated for breakdown by conversion to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acid SCoA's 
B) triacylglycerides 
C) fatty acid glycerol phosphates 
D) fatty acid alkyl esters 
E) none of the above 
A) fatty acid SCoA's 
B) triacylglycerides 
C) fatty acid glycerol phosphates 
D) fatty acid alkyl esters 
E) none of the above

Question 9

In comparing the potential energy of lipids and carbohydrates on a weight basis,it is correct to say that lipids provide

Accepted Answer

A) considerably less energy than carbohydrates. 
B) slightly less energy than carbohydrates. 
C) almost the same amount of energy as carbohydrates. 
D) slightly more energy than carbohydrates. 
E) considerably more energy than carbohydrates. 
A) considerably less energy than carbohydrates. 
B) slightly less energy than carbohydrates. 
C) almost the same amount of energy as carbohydrates. 
D) slightly more energy than carbohydrates. 
E) considerably more energy than carbohydrates.

Question 10

Which of the following lipoproteins is used solely for the transport of lipids in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) ultra-high-density lipoproteins 
C) high-density lipoproteins 
D) low-density lipoproteins 
E) very low-density lipoproteins 
A) chylomicrons 
B) ultra-high-density lipoproteins 
C) high-density lipoproteins 
D) low-density lipoproteins 
E) very low-density lipoproteins

Question 11

Where in the cell does beta-oxidation of fatty acids occur?

Accepted Answer

A) cell wall 
B) cytosol 
C) nucleus 
D) mitochondria 
E) liposome 
A) cell wall 
B) cytosol 
C) nucleus 
D) mitochondria 
E) liposome

Question 12

Fatty acids from triacylglycerols can be ________ when energy is plentiful or ________ when energy is needed.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidized to produce acetyl-SCoA; stored as triacylglycerols in adipose tissue 
B) stored as triacylglycerols in adipose tissue; oxidized to produce acetyl-SCoA 
C) stored as cholesterol derivatives in adipose tissue; oxidized to produce glucose 
D) reduced to hydrocarbons; isomerized to lower energy forms 
E) diverted to gluconeogenesis; hydrolyzed to smaller molecules 
A) oxidized to produce acetyl-SCoA; stored as triacylglycerols in adipose tissue 
B) stored as triacylglycerols in adipose tissue; oxidized to produce acetyl-SCoA 
C) stored as cholesterol derivatives in adipose tissue; oxidized to produce glucose 
D) reduced to hydrocarbons; isomerized to lower energy forms 
E) diverted to gluconeogenesis; hydrolyzed to smaller molecules

Question 13

Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol to the liver to be recycled or excreted?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) ultra-high-density lipoproteins 
C) high-density lipoproteins 
D) low-density lipoproteins 
E) very low-density lipoproteins 
A) chylomicrons 
B) ultra-high-density lipoproteins 
C) high-density lipoproteins 
D) low-density lipoproteins 
E) very low-density lipoproteins

Question 14

Chylomicrons are the least dense of all the lipoprotein/lipid combinations because

Accepted Answer

A) their lipoproteins nest together easily. 
B) they have a high ratio of cholesterol to triacylglycerols. 
C) they have the highest proportion of less dense lipid molecules. 
D) there are many carbohydrate groups included in the external structure. 
E) their amino acids are mostly hydrophobic. 
A) their lipoproteins nest together easily. 
B) they have a high ratio of cholesterol to triacylglycerols. 
C) they have the highest proportion of less dense lipid molecules. 
D) there are many carbohydrate groups included in the external structure. 
E) their amino acids are mostly hydrophobic.

Question 15

Digestion of lipids begins in the ________,in a process catalyzed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mouth; salivary amylase 
B) stomach; hydrochloric acid 
C) small intestine; pancreatic lipases 
D) large intestines; bile acids 
E) adipocytes; triacylglycerol lipase 
A) mouth; salivary amylase 
B) stomach; hydrochloric acid 
C) small intestine; pancreatic lipases 
D) large intestines; bile acids 
E) adipocytes; triacylglycerol lipase

Question 16

Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol from the liver to sites where it is used in cell membranes or in steroid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) ultra-high-density lipoproteins 
C) high-density lipoproteins 
D) low-density lipoproteins 
E) very low-density lipoproteins 
A) chylomicrons 
B) ultra-high-density lipoproteins 
C) high-density lipoproteins 
D) low-density lipoproteins 
E) very low-density lipoproteins

Question 17

The first chemical step in the breakdown of triacylglycerols is

Accepted Answer

A) complete hydrolysis to fatty acids and glycerols. 
B) partial hydrolysis to fatty acids,phosphates,and diacylglycerols. 
C) oxidation of alcohol groups to carbonyls. 
D) rearrangement to cholesterol derivatives. 
E) none of the above 
A) complete hydrolysis to fatty acids and glycerols. 
B) partial hydrolysis to fatty acids,phosphates,and diacylglycerols. 
C) oxidation of alcohol groups to carbonyls. 
D) rearrangement to cholesterol derivatives. 
E) none of the above

Question 18

What is the role of a chylomicron?

Accepted Answer

A) to transport triacylglycerols in the bloodstream 
B) to synthesize cholesterol and other steroids 
C) to move triacylglycerol across the cell membrane 
D) to store excess triacylglycerols until they are needed 
E) to transport acetyl-CoA from the cytosol to the mitochondria 
A) to transport triacylglycerols in the bloodstream 
B) to synthesize cholesterol and other steroids 
C) to move triacylglycerol across the cell membrane 
D) to store excess triacylglycerols until they are needed 
E) to transport acetyl-CoA from the cytosol to the mitochondria

Exam 24: Lipid Metabolism

High density lipoproteins contain a greater amount of ________ than do low density lipoproteins.

Glycerol produced as a byproduct of metabolism of lipids is converted to ________,which can be isomerized to a compound that can enter glycolysis or gluconeogenesis.

Ketogenesis occurs from a(an)

Which statements are true for the process of β-oxidation? I.It occurs in the mitochondria. II.Acyl carrier proteins are involved. III.NADPH is the coenzyme. IV.The molecule increases in length by two carbons. V.Energy is released in the process.

Ketone bodies are primarily produced in ________ cells.

Match the following. -ketonuria

The synthesis of fatty acids

Fatty acids are activated for breakdown by conversion to ________.

In comparing the potential energy of lipids and carbohydrates on a weight basis,it is correct to say that lipids provide

Which of the following lipoproteins is used solely for the transport of lipids in the blood?

Where in the cell does beta-oxidation of fatty acids occur?

Fatty acids from triacylglycerols can be ________ when energy is plentiful or ________ when energy is needed.

Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol to the liver to be recycled or excreted?

Chylomicrons are the least dense of all the lipoprotein/lipid combinations because

Digestion of lipids begins in the ________,in a process catalyzed by ________.

Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol from the liver to sites where it is used in cell membranes or in steroid synthesis?

The first chemical step in the breakdown of triacylglycerols is

What is the role of a chylomicron?

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

Body Fluids

Filters

Fatty acids from triacylglycerols can be when energy is plentiful or when energy is needed.

Digestion of lipids begins in the ,in a process catalyzed by .