Question 1

The open-chain form of D-idose is shown below. Draw the Haworth projection of b-D-idopyranose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The open-chain form of D-idose is shown...

Question 2

Which of the following is/are the product(s)obtained from the reduction of D-fructose?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D) A and B 
E) A and C 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D) A and B 
E) A and C

Question 3

Give the name for the following structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give the name for the following structure....

Question 4

Which two monosaccharides can be degraded by the Ruff Degradation to D-arabinose?

Accepted Answer

A) D-allose and D-altrose 
B) D-gulose and D-idose 
C) D-galactose and D-talose 
D) D-erythrose and D-threose 
E) D-glucose and D-mannose 
A) D-allose and D-altrose 
B) D-gulose and D-idose 
C) D-galactose and D-talose 
D) D-erythrose and D-threose 
E) D-glucose and D-mannose

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the meaning of mutorotation?

Accepted Answer

A) a rapid exchange between the α and β forms of diasternomeric sugars 
B) a rapid exchange between the D and L forms 
C) a slow exchange between hydrogen and deuterated hydrogen 
D) a slow change in optical rotation to reach an equilibrium value 
E) a slow change in absolute configuration to reach an equilibrium value 
A) a rapid exchange between the α and β forms of diasternomeric sugars 
B) a rapid exchange between the D and L forms 
C) a slow exchange between hydrogen and deuterated hydrogen 
D) a slow change in optical rotation to reach an equilibrium value 
E) a slow change in absolute configuration to reach an equilibrium value

Question 6

Assign the proper configurational descriptor to each asymmetric center in D-gulose below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Assign the proper configurational descriptor to each...

Question 7

Provide the major organic product(s)of the reaction below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide the major organic product(s)of the reaction...

Question 8

Which of the following best represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) disproportionation 
B) oxidation/reduction 
C) exothermic 
D) exergonic 
E) elimination 
A) disproportionation 
B) oxidation/reduction 
C) exothermic 
D) exergonic 
E) elimination

Question 9

Which of the following is methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V

Question 10

An optically active D-aldopentose produced an optically inactive alditol upon treatment with NaBH4. When this aldopentose was subjected to a Ruff degradation, a D-aldotetrose was generated. This aldotetrose gave an optically active aldaric acid upon oxidation with HNO3. Use these data to provide the structure of the starting D-aldopentose.

Accepted Answer

Question 11

Give the major product(s)for the reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 12

When α-D-xylofuranose is treated with excess methyl iodide in the presence of Ag2O, how many equivalents of methyl iodide react with each equivalent of the furanose?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6

Question 13

What orbital interaction is the origin of the anomeric effect?

Accepted Answer

Overlap of the axial lone pair

Question 14

Which of the following represents the general formula of a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A) CnH2n+2 
B) CnH2n 
C) CnH2n-2 
D) Cn(H2O)n 
E) Cn(HO)n 
A) CnH2n+2 
B) CnH2n 
C) CnH2n-2 
D) Cn(H2O)n 
E) Cn(HO)n

Question 15

Given the structure of D-arabinose below, provide the structure of the glycoside methyl α-D-arabinofuranoside.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the structure of D-arabinose below, provide...

Question 16

Name the following compound.

Accepted Answer

A) D-glucose 
B) D-galactose 
C) D-fructose 
D) D-arabinose 
E) D-talose 
A) D-glucose 
B) D-galactose 
C) D-fructose 
D) D-arabinose 
E) D-talose

Question 17

Draw the Haworth structure of α-D-ribofuranose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the Haworth structure of α-D-ribofuranose....

Question 18

An aqueous solution of glucose behaves as an aldehyde because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) it is hydrolyzed by water to the free aldehyde 
B) it is a ketone, but is in equilibrium with the aldehyde form 
C) glucose is actually a cyclic aldehyde 
D) its cyclic hemiacetal, the predominant form, is in equilibrium with the free aldehyde form 
E) it can be oxidized with periodic acid 
A) it is hydrolyzed by water to the free aldehyde 
B) it is a ketone, but is in equilibrium with the aldehyde form 
C) glucose is actually a cyclic aldehyde 
D) its cyclic hemiacetal, the predominant form, is in equilibrium with the free aldehyde form 
E) it can be oxidized with periodic acid

Question 19

Which of the following statements best describes the main structural difference between cellulose and chitin?

Accepted Answer

A) The C-2 carbon in chitin contains an N-acetyl amino group instead of an OH group. 
B) The C-2 carbon in cellulose contains an N-acetyl amino group instead of an OH group. 
C) Chitin is a β-1,4-glycosidic linkage while cellulose is a α-1,4-glycosidic linkage. 
D) Chitin is a α-1,4-glycosidic linkage while cellulose is a α-1,4-glycosidic linkage. 
E) Chitin is a branched polysaccharide while cellulose is a chain polysaccharide. 
A) The C-2 carbon in chitin contains an N-acetyl amino group instead of an OH group. 
B) The C-2 carbon in cellulose contains an N-acetyl amino group instead of an OH group. 
C) Chitin is a β-1,4-glycosidic linkage while cellulose is a α-1,4-glycosidic linkage. 
D) Chitin is a α-1,4-glycosidic linkage while cellulose is a α-1,4-glycosidic linkage. 
E) Chitin is a branched polysaccharide while cellulose is a chain polysaccharide.

Question 20

Which monosaccharides are formed in the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis starting with D-xylose?

Accepted Answer

A) D-glucose and D-mannose 
B) D-gulose and D-idose 
C) D-galactose and D-talose 
D) D-allose and D-altrose 
E) D-ribose and D-arabinose 
A) D-glucose and D-mannose 
B) D-gulose and D-idose 
C) D-galactose and D-talose 
D) D-allose and D-altrose 
E) D-ribose and D-arabinose

Exam 21: Carbohydrates

The open-chain form of D-idose is shown below. Draw the Haworth projection of b-D-idopyranose.

Which of the following is/are the product(s)obtained from the reduction of D-fructose?

Give the name for the following structure.

Which two monosaccharides can be degraded by the Ruff Degradation to D-arabinose?

Which of the following statements best describes the meaning of mutorotation?

Assign the proper configurational descriptor to each asymmetric center in D-gulose below.

Provide the major organic product(s)of the reaction below.

Which of the following best represents the process of photosynthesis?

Which of the following is methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside?

Give the major product(s)for the reaction.

When α-D-xylofuranose is treated with excess methyl iodide in the presence of Ag2O, how many equivalents of methyl iodide react with each equivalent of the furanose?

What orbital interaction is the origin of the anomeric effect?

Which of the following represents the general formula of a carbohydrate?

Given the structure of D-arabinose below, provide the structure of the glycoside methyl α-D-arabinofuranoside.

Name the following compound.

Draw the Haworth structure of α-D-ribofuranose.

An aqueous solution of glucose behaves as an aldehyde because ________.

Which of the following statements best describes the main structural difference between cellulose and chitin?

Which monosaccharides are formed in the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis starting with D-xylose?

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Acids and Bases: Central to Understanding Organic Chemistry

An Introduction to Organic Compounds

Isomers: the Arrangement of Atoms in Space

Alkenes Thermodynamics and Kinetics

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When α-D-xylofuranose is treated with excess methyl iodide in the presence of Ag₂O, how many equivalents of methyl iodide react with each equivalent of the furanose?