Question 1

The pressure of the atmosphere __________.

Accepted Answer

A) increases with altitude 
B) follows the same trend as temperature 
C) decreases with altitude 
D) follows the reverse trend as temperature 
E) stays the same 
A) increases with altitude 
B) follows the same trend as temperature 
C) decreases with altitude 
D) follows the reverse trend as temperature 
E) stays the same

Question 2

A chemical bond rupture resulting from the absorption of a photon is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A chemical bond rupture resulting from the...

Question 3

What is meant by the salinity of seawater?

Accepted Answer

A) percent by mass of salt in seawater 
B) mass in grams of dry salts present in 1 kg of seawater 
C) molality of NaCl in seawater 
D) osmotic pressure of seawater 
E) molarity of NaCl in seawater 
A) percent by mass of salt in seawater 
B) mass in grams of dry salts present in 1 kg of seawater 
C) molality of NaCl in seawater 
D) osmotic pressure of seawater 
E) molarity of NaCl in seawater

Question 4

Which gaseous sulfur compound combines with water to form the principal acidic constituent of acid rain?

Accepted Answer

A) H2SO4 
B) SO2 
C) SO 
D) SO3 
E) H2S 
A) H2SO4 
B) SO2 
C) SO 
D) SO3 
E) H2S

Question 5

The contribution of sulfur to acid rain is via the production of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The contribution of sulfur to acid rain...

Question 6

Which of the following is not a stage in water treatment?

Accepted Answer

A) coarse filtration 
B) aeration 
C) chlorination 
D) distillation 
E) settling 
A) coarse filtration 
B) aeration 
C) chlorination 
D) distillation 
E) settling

Question 7

Approximately 90% of the earth's ozone is in the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately 90% of the earth's ozone is...

Question 8

The C-O bond dissociation energy in CO2 is 799 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of electromagnetic radiation required to rupture this bond is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) 307 nm 
B) 149 nm 
C) 248 nm 
D) 353 nm 
E) 979 nm 
A) 307 nm 
B) 149 nm 
C) 248 nm 
D) 353 nm 
E) 979 nm

Question 9

Incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials occurs when __________.

Accepted Answer

A) there is insufficient oxygen to convert all of the carbon to carbon dioxide 
B) there are sulfur impurities in the carbon-containing material 
C) the carbon-containing material is a gas 
D) the combustion flame is too hot 
E) there is an excess of oxygen 
A) there is insufficient oxygen to convert all of the carbon to carbon dioxide 
B) there are sulfur impurities in the carbon-containing material 
C) the carbon-containing material is a gas 
D) the combustion flame is too hot 
E) there is an excess of oxygen

Question 10

The cumulative result of carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone in the troposphere on atmospheric temperatures is referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) acid rain 
B) the greenhouse effect 
C) photoionization 
D) photochemical smog 
E) photodissociation 
A) acid rain 
B) the greenhouse effect 
C) photoionization 
D) photochemical smog 
E) photodissociation

Question 11

The partial pressure of a component in a gas mixture is the product of its mole fraction and the total mixture pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The ionization energy of O2 is 1205 kJ/mol: O2 + hv → O2+ + e-
The maximum wavelength of light capable of causing the ionization of O2 is __________ nm.

Accepted Answer

A) 4017 
B) 9.94 × 10-5 
C) 9.94 × 10-8 
D) 99.4 
E) 9.94 × 104 
A) 4017 
B) 9.94 × 10-5 
C) 9.94 × 10-8 
D) 99.4 
E) 9.94 × 104

Question 13

When dealing with gases, the volume fraction and the mole fraction are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which one of the following is a source of carbon dioxide in the troposphere?

Accepted Answer

A) natural gas seepage 
B) electrical discharges 
C) fossil-fuel combustion 
D) volcanic gases 
E) forest fires 
A) natural gas seepage 
B) electrical discharges 
C) fossil-fuel combustion 
D) volcanic gases 
E) forest fires

Question 15

In the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), what does M symbolize? 1. O2 (g)+ hν → O (g)+ O (g)
2. O (g)+ O2 (g)+ M (g)→ O3 (g)+ M* (g)
3. O3 (g)+ hν → O2 (g)+ O (g)
4. O (g)+ O (g)+ M (g)→ O2 (g)+ M* (g)

Accepted Answer

A) mesosphere 
B) metal 
C) molybdenum 
D) methane 
E) molecule 
A) mesosphere 
B) metal 
C) molybdenum 
D) methane 
E) molecule

Question 16

Nitric oxide arises from internal combustion engines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The lime-soda process is used for large-scale water-softening operations. CaO is added to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidize Fe2+ to insoluble Fe2O3 
B) cause precipitation of magnesium as Mg(OH)2 
C) remove most Al3+ as solid Al(OH)3 
D) cause precipitation of iron and magnesium as Fe2MgO4 
E) reduce the pH to 3-4 
A) oxidize Fe2+ to insoluble Fe2O3 
B) cause precipitation of magnesium as Mg(OH)2 
C) remove most Al3+ as solid Al(OH)3 
D) cause precipitation of iron and magnesium as Fe2MgO4 
E) reduce the pH to 3-4

Question 18

To produce acceptable quality drinking water from seawater by desalination, the level of salt must be reduced __________ fold.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 50 
C) 70 
D) 100 
E) 120 
A) 10 
B) 50 
C) 70 
D) 100 
E) 120

Question 19

The primary detrimental effect of the presence of large amounts of biodegradable organic materials in water is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) it causes death of bottom dwelling organisms because it agglutinates and settles to the bottom, poisoning bottom dwelling organisms 
B) it causes oxygen depletion in the water 
C) it rises to the surface and absorbs wavelengths needed by aquatic plants 
D) it decomposes endothermically causing the temperature of the water to decrease below the limits within which most aquatic organisms can live 
E) it causes the water to become murky 
A) it causes death of bottom dwelling organisms because it agglutinates and settles to the bottom, poisoning bottom dwelling organisms 
B) it causes oxygen depletion in the water 
C) it rises to the surface and absorbs wavelengths needed by aquatic plants 
D) it decomposes endothermically causing the temperature of the water to decrease below the limits within which most aquatic organisms can live 
E) it causes the water to become murky

Question 20

The approximate pH of acid rain is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The approximate pH of acid rain is...

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

The pressure of the atmosphere __________.

A chemical bond rupture resulting from the absorption of a photon is called __________.

What is meant by the salinity of seawater?

Which gaseous sulfur compound combines with water to form the principal acidic constituent of acid rain?

The contribution of sulfur to acid rain is via the production of __________.

Which of the following is not a stage in water treatment?

Approximately 90% of the earth's ozone is in the __________.

The C-O bond dissociation energy in CO2 is 799 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of electromagnetic radiation required to rupture this bond is __________.

Incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials occurs when __________.

The cumulative result of carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone in the troposphere on atmospheric temperatures is referred to as __________.

The partial pressure of a component in a gas mixture is the product of its mole fraction and the total mixture pressure.

The ionization energy of O2 is 1205 kJ/mol: O2 + hv → O2+ + e- The maximum wavelength of light capable of causing the ionization of O2 is __________ nm.

When dealing with gases, the volume fraction and the mole fraction are the same.

Which one of the following is a source of carbon dioxide in the troposphere?

In the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), what does M symbolize? 1. O2 (g)+ hν → O (g)+ O (g) 2. O (g)+ O2 (g)+ M (g)→ O3 (g)+ M* (g) 3. O3 (g)+ hν → O2 (g)+ O (g) 4. O (g)+ O (g)+ M (g)→ O2 (g)+ M* (g)

Nitric oxide arises from internal combustion engines.

The lime-soda process is used for large-scale water-softening operations. CaO is added to __________.

To produce acceptable quality drinking water from seawater by desalination, the level of salt must be reduced __________ fold.

The primary detrimental effect of the presence of large amounts of biodegradable organic materials in water is __________.

The approximate pH of acid rain is __________.

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

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The C-O bond dissociation energy in CO₂ is 799 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of electromagnetic radiation required to rupture this bond is __________.

The ionization energy of O₂ is 1205 kJ/mol: O₂ + hv → O₂⁺ + e^- The maximum wavelength of light capable of causing the ionization of O₂ is __________ nm.

In the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), what does M symbolize? 1. O₂ (g)+ hν → O (g)+ O (g) 2. O (g)+ O₂ (g)+ M (g)→ O₃ (g)+ M^* (g) 3. O₃ (g)+ hν → O₂ (g)+ O (g) 4. O (g)+ O (g)+ M (g)→ O₂ (g)+ M^* (g)