Question 1

The sterilizing action of chlorine in water is due to what substance?

Accepted Answer

A) Cl- 
B) Cl2 
C) HCl 
D) HClO 
E) H+ 
A) Cl- 
B) Cl2 
C) HCl 
D) HClO 
E) H+

Question 2

Which of the following is not one of the 12 principles associated with green chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A) use of renewable feedstocks 
B) design of safer chemicals 
C) less hazardous chemical synthesis 
D) design for degradation 
E) reduction in the use of catalytic reagents 
A) use of renewable feedstocks 
B) design of safer chemicals 
C) less hazardous chemical synthesis 
D) design for degradation 
E) reduction in the use of catalytic reagents

Question 3

Clean rainwater is acidic mainly due to the presence of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clean rainwater is acidic mainly due to...

Question 4

Compounds found in fossil fuels that contain __________ are primarily responsible for acid rain.

Accepted Answer

A) sulfur 
B) carbon 
C) hydrogen 
D) phosphorus 
E) neon 
A) sulfur 
B) carbon 
C) hydrogen 
D) phosphorus 
E) neon

Question 5

The concentration of Br- in a sample of seawater is 9.3 × 10-4 M. If a liter of seawater has a mass of 1.0 kg, the concentration of Br- is __________ ppm.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.074 
B) 74 
C) 0.93 
D) 9.3 
E) 0.0093 
A) 0.074 
B) 74 
C) 0.93 
D) 9.3 
E) 0.0093

Question 6

Which one of the following substances found in the atmosphere will absorb radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum?

Accepted Answer

A) N2 
B) O2 
C) Kr 
D) H2O 
E) He 
A) N2 
B) O2 
C) Kr 
D) H2O 
E) He

Question 7

As one gains altitude in the atmosphere, based on the ionization energies shown below, which sequence of mole fractions is the correct one? Process Ionization Energy (kJ/mol)
N2 + hν → N2+ + e- 1495
O2 + hν → O2+ + e- 1205
O + hν → O+ + e- 1313
NO + hν → NO+ + e- 890

Accepted Answer

A) N2 > N > NO > O2 
B) N2 > O > O2 > NO 
C) N2 > O2 > O > NO 
D) NO > O2 > O > N2 
E) All will be equal. 
A) N2 > N > NO > O2 
B) N2 > O > O2 > NO 
C) N2 > O2 > O > NO 
D) NO > O2 > O > N2 
E) All will be equal.

Question 8

The dividing line between the troposphere and stratosphere is known as the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) mesosphere 
B) tropopause 
C) thermosphere 
D) stratopause 
E) mesopause 
A) mesosphere 
B) tropopause 
C) thermosphere 
D) stratopause 
E) mesopause

Question 9

In addition to nitrogen oxides, __________ are a major contributor to the depletion of the ozone layer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to nitrogen oxides, __________ are...

Question 10

The amount of atomic O relative to O2 __________.

Accepted Answer

A) is highest in the troposphere 
B) is highest in the stratosphere 
C) increases with altitude in the thermosphere 
D) decreases with altitude in the thermosphere 
E) is essentially independent of altitude in the thermosphere 
A) is highest in the troposphere 
B) is highest in the stratosphere 
C) increases with altitude in the thermosphere 
D) decreases with altitude in the thermosphere 
E) is essentially independent of altitude in the thermosphere

Question 11

The concentration of carbon monoxide in a sample of air is 9.2 ppm. There are __________ molecules of CO in 1.00 L of this air at 755 torr and 23 °C.

Accepted Answer

A) 3.8 × 10-7 
B) 2.2 × 1021 
C) 2.9 × 1018 
D) 1.7 × 1020 
E) 2.3 × 1017 
A) 3.8 × 10-7 
B) 2.2 × 1021 
C) 2.9 × 1018 
D) 1.7 × 1020 
E) 2.3 × 1017

Question 12

The average adult in the U.S. needs __________ liters of water per day for drinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The average adult in the U.S. needs...

Question 13

The source(s)of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere is/are __________.

Accepted Answer

A) volcanic gases 
B) forest fires 
C) bacterial action 
D) fossil-fuel combustion 
E) all of the above 
A) volcanic gases 
B) forest fires 
C) bacterial action 
D) fossil-fuel combustion 
E) all of the above

Question 14

Sulfur dioxide is not released into the atmosphere in any significant amount by __________.

Accepted Answer

A) burning of coal 
B) bacterial action 
C) internal combustion engines 
D) volcanic eruption 
E) Sulfur dioxide is produced in significant amount by all of these processes. 
A) burning of coal 
B) bacterial action 
C) internal combustion engines 
D) volcanic eruption 
E) Sulfur dioxide is produced in significant amount by all of these processes.

Question 15

Ozone is a(n)__________ of oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) isomer 
B) allotrope 
C) isotope 
D) resonance structure 
E) atomic form 
A) isomer 
B) allotrope 
C) isotope 
D) resonance structure 
E) atomic form

Question 16

The concentration of ozone in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of O3 of 0.33 torr and a total pressure of air of 735 torr is __________ ppm.

Accepted Answer

A) 4.5 × 102 
B) 0.45 
C) 0.045 
D) 2.2 × 10-3 
E) 2.2 
A) 4.5 × 102 
B) 0.45 
C) 0.045 
D) 2.2 × 10-3 
E) 2.2

Question 17

In the equation below, M is most likely __________. O + O2 + M → O3 + M*

Accepted Answer

A) Cl2 
B) N2 
C) Ne 
D) CO2 
E) H2O 
A) Cl2 
B) N2 
C) Ne 
D) CO2 
E) H2O

Question 18

Why are chlorofluorocarbons so damaging to the ozone layer when they are such stable molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain a double bond that ozone readily attacks, resulting in the destruction of the ozone. 
B) They are very light molecules that rapidly diffuse into the upper atmosphere and block the radiation that causes formation of ozone. 
C) They are greenhouse gases that raise the temperature above the dissociation temperature of ozone. 
D) The radiation in the stratosphere dissociates them producing chlorine atoms that catalytically destroy ozone. 
E) CFCs do not damage the ozone. 
A) They contain a double bond that ozone readily attacks, resulting in the destruction of the ozone. 
B) They are very light molecules that rapidly diffuse into the upper atmosphere and block the radiation that causes formation of ozone. 
C) They are greenhouse gases that raise the temperature above the dissociation temperature of ozone. 
D) The radiation in the stratosphere dissociates them producing chlorine atoms that catalytically destroy ozone. 
E) CFCs do not damage the ozone.

Question 19

Which of the following is not released by the combustion of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) SO2 
C) CH4 
D) NO 
E) O3 
A) CO2 
B) SO2 
C) CH4 
D) NO 
E) O3

Question 20

The primary chemical pollutants that create acid rain are __________ dioxide and __________ oxides.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary chemical pollutants that create acid...

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

The sterilizing action of chlorine in water is due to what substance?

Which of the following is not one of the 12 principles associated with green chemistry?

Clean rainwater is acidic mainly due to the presence of __________.

Compounds found in fossil fuels that contain __________ are primarily responsible for acid rain.

The concentration of Br- in a sample of seawater is 9.3 × 10-4 M. If a liter of seawater has a mass of 1.0 kg, the concentration of Br- is __________ ppm.

Which one of the following substances found in the atmosphere will absorb radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum?

As one gains altitude in the atmosphere, based on the ionization energies shown below, which sequence of mole fractions is the correct one? Process Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) N2 + hν → N2+ + e- 1495 O2 + hν → O2+ + e- 1205 O + hν → O+ + e- 1313 NO + hν → NO+ + e- 890

The dividing line between the troposphere and stratosphere is known as the __________.

In addition to nitrogen oxides, __________ are a major contributor to the depletion of the ozone layer.

The amount of atomic O relative to O2 __________.

The concentration of carbon monoxide in a sample of air is 9.2 ppm. There are __________ molecules of CO in 1.00 L of this air at 755 torr and 23 °C.

The average adult in the U.S. needs __________ liters of water per day for drinking.

The source(s)of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere is/are __________.

Sulfur dioxide is not released into the atmosphere in any significant amount by __________.

Ozone is a(n)__________ of oxygen.

The concentration of ozone in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of O3 of 0.33 torr and a total pressure of air of 735 torr is __________ ppm.

In the equation below, M is most likely __________. O + O2 + M → O3 + M*

Why are chlorofluorocarbons so damaging to the ozone layer when they are such stable molecules?

Which of the following is not released by the combustion of fossil fuels?

The primary chemical pollutants that create acid rain are __________ dioxide and __________ oxides.

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

The concentration of Br^- in a sample of seawater is 9.3 × 10^-4 M. If a liter of seawater has a mass of 1.0 kg, the concentration of Br^- is __________ ppm.

As one gains altitude in the atmosphere, based on the ionization energies shown below, which sequence of mole fractions is the correct one? Process Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) N₂ + hν → N₂⁺ + e^- 1495 O₂ + hν → O₂⁺ + e^- 1205 O + hν → O⁺ + e^- 1313 NO + hν → NO⁺ + e^- 890

The amount of atomic O relative to O₂ __________.

The concentration of ozone in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of O₃ of 0.33 torr and a total pressure of air of 735 torr is __________ ppm.

In the equation below, M is most likely __________. O + O₂ + M → O₃ + M^*

The primary chemical pollutants that create acid rain are dioxide and oxides.