Question 1

Sulfur compounds in the atmosphere are equally derived from natural sources
and from human activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Photoionization processes (e.g., N2 + hν → N2+ + e-)remove UV of <150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150-200 nm range in the upper atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) N2 + hν → 2N 
B) O2 + hν → 2O 
C) O3 + hν → O2 + O 
D) N2 + O2 + hν → 2NO 
E) NO + O2 + hν → NO3 
A) N2 + hν → 2N 
B) O2 + hν → 2O 
C) O3 + hν → O2 + O 
D) N2 + O2 + hν → 2NO 
E) NO + O2 + hν → NO3

Question 3

The dissociation energy of the C-Cl bond in CF3Cl is 339 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of light that has enough energy per photon to dissociate the C-Cl bond is __________ nm.

Accepted Answer

A) 1130 
B) 3.53 × 10-4 
C) 3.53 × 10-7 
D) 3.53 × 105 
E) 353 
A) 1130 
B) 3.53 × 10-4 
C) 3.53 × 10-7 
D) 3.53 × 105 
E) 353

Question 4

Ozone is a necessary, protective component of the __________, but is considered a pollutant in the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) troposphere, upper atmosphere 
B) troposphere, air 
C) photochemical smog, air we breathe 
D) upper atmosphere, troposphere 
E) air we breathe 
A) troposphere, upper atmosphere 
B) troposphere, air 
C) photochemical smog, air we breathe 
D) upper atmosphere, troposphere 
E) air we breathe

Question 5

Carbon dioxide contributes to atmospheric warming by __________.

Accepted Answer

A) absorbing incoming radiation from the sun and converting it to heat 
B) absorbing radiation emitted from the surface of the earth preventing its loss to space 
C) undergoing exothermic reactions extensively in the atmosphere 
D) increasing the index of refraction of the atmosphere so that infrared radiation from the sun is refracted to the surface of the earth where it is converted to heat 
E) reducing the concentration of CO in the atmosphere. 
A) absorbing incoming radiation from the sun and converting it to heat 
B) absorbing radiation emitted from the surface of the earth preventing its loss to space 
C) undergoing exothermic reactions extensively in the atmosphere 
D) increasing the index of refraction of the atmosphere so that infrared radiation from the sun is refracted to the surface of the earth where it is converted to heat 
E) reducing the concentration of CO in the atmosphere.

Question 6

The three most concentrated ions in seawater are __________.

Accepted Answer

chloride i

Question 7

The concentration of which greenhouse gas has increased steadily over the last few decades?

Accepted Answer

A) H2O 
B) CO 
C) CO2 
D) H2O2 
E) O2 
A) H2O 
B) CO 
C) CO2 
D) H2O2 
E) O2

Question 8

The production of dead and decaying plant material is a process called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The production of dead and decaying plant...

Question 9

A single individual typically uses the greatest quantity of water for __________.

Accepted Answer

A) flushing toilets 
B) cooking 
C) cleaning (bathing, laundering, and house cleaning) 
D) watering lawns 
E) drinking water 
A) flushing toilets 
B) cooking 
C) cleaning (bathing, laundering, and house cleaning) 
D) watering lawns 
E) drinking water

Question 10

Which of the following is arranged correctly in order of increasing distance from Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A) mesosphere < troposphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
B) troposphere < mesosphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
C) troposphere < mesosphere < thermosphere < stratosphere 
D) troposphere < stratosphere < mesosphere < thermosphere 
E) mesosphere < troposphere < thermosphere < stratosphere 
A) mesosphere < troposphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
B) troposphere < mesosphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
C) troposphere < mesosphere < thermosphere < stratosphere 
D) troposphere < stratosphere < mesosphere < thermosphere 
E) mesosphere < troposphere < thermosphere < stratosphere

Question 11

The "scale" caused by hard water is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) calcium ions 
B) calcium carbonate 
C) chloride ions 
D) magnesium oxalate 
E) magnesium ions 
A) calcium ions 
B) calcium carbonate 
C) chloride ions 
D) magnesium oxalate 
E) magnesium ions

Question 12

Of the compounds below, the one that requires the shortest wavelength for photoionization is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) O 
B) O2 
C) NO 
D) N2 
E) They all require the same wavelength. 
A) O 
B) O2 
C) NO 
D) N2 
E) They all require the same wavelength.

Question 13

Which of the following is (are)not a typical source of carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A) decomposition of organic matter 
B) release from oceans 
C) combustion of fossil fuels 
D) atmospheric electrical discharges 
E) all of the above 
A) decomposition of organic matter 
B) release from oceans 
C) combustion of fossil fuels 
D) atmospheric electrical discharges 
E) all of the above

Question 14

Radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum is absorbed by __________ found in the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) N2 
B) O2 
C) CO2 
D) Ar 
E) He 
A) N2 
B) O2 
C) CO2 
D) Ar 
E) He

Question 15

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al2(SO4)3, and Cl2. The purpose of adding CaO is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) remove all HCO3- as solid CaCO3 
B) remove all SO42- as solid CaSO4 
C) remove all Cl- as solid CaCl2 
D) selectively kill anaerobic (but not aerobic)bacteria 
E) make the water slightly basic so that addition of Al2(SO4)3 will afford a gelatinous precipitate of Al(OH)3 
A) remove all HCO3- as solid CaCO3 
B) remove all SO42- as solid CaSO4 
C) remove all Cl- as solid CaCl2 
D) selectively kill anaerobic (but not aerobic)bacteria 
E) make the water slightly basic so that addition of Al2(SO4)3 will afford a gelatinous precipitate of Al(OH)3

Question 16

Ozone depletion from chlorofluorocarbons is chiefly due to the production of free chlorine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is/are the product(s)of photodissociation of molecular oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) molecular nitrogen 
B) excited oxygen molecules 
C) ozone 
D) ozone and atomic oxygen 
E) atomic oxygen 
A) molecular nitrogen 
B) excited oxygen molecules 
C) ozone 
D) ozone and atomic oxygen 
E) atomic oxygen

Question 18

The bond energy of oxygen is higher than that of nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Ozone is more efficient at killing bacteria in water yet chlorine is used more commonly for that purpose in municipal water treatment. Why?

Accepted Answer

Ozone must be genera

Question 20

Components of Air Mole Fraction Nitrogen 0.781
Oxygen 0.209
Argon 0.010
What is the partial pressure or nitrogen (in torr)in the atmosphere when the atmospheric pressure is 765.0 torr?

Accepted Answer

A) 160. 
B) 597 
C) 611 
D) 7.65 
E) 760 
A) 160. 
B) 597 
C) 611 
D) 7.65 
E) 760

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

Sulfur compounds in the atmosphere are equally derived from natural sources and from human activity.

Photoionization processes (e.g., N2 + hν → N2+ + e-)remove UV of <150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150-200 nm range in the upper atmosphere?

The dissociation energy of the C-Cl bond in CF3Cl is 339 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of light that has enough energy per photon to dissociate the C-Cl bond is __________ nm.

Ozone is a necessary, protective component of the __________, but is considered a pollutant in the __________.

Carbon dioxide contributes to atmospheric warming by __________.

The three most concentrated ions in seawater are __________.

The concentration of which greenhouse gas has increased steadily over the last few decades?

The production of dead and decaying plant material is a process called __________.

A single individual typically uses the greatest quantity of water for __________.

Which of the following is arranged correctly in order of increasing distance from Earth's surface?

The "scale" caused by hard water is __________.

Of the compounds below, the one that requires the shortest wavelength for photoionization is __________.

Which of the following is (are)not a typical source of carbon dioxide?

Radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum is absorbed by __________ found in the atmosphere.

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al2(SO4)3, and Cl2. The purpose of adding CaO is to __________.

Ozone depletion from chlorofluorocarbons is chiefly due to the production of free chlorine.

What is/are the product(s)of photodissociation of molecular oxygen?

The bond energy of oxygen is higher than that of nitrogen.

Ozone is more efficient at killing bacteria in water yet chlorine is used more commonly for that purpose in municipal water treatment. Why?

Components of Air Mole Fraction Nitrogen 0.781 Oxygen 0.209 Argon 0.010 What is the partial pressure or nitrogen (in torr)in the atmosphere when the atmospheric pressure is 765.0 torr?

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Thermochemistry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

Photoionization processes (e.g., N₂ + hν → N₂⁺ + e^-)remove UV of <150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150-200 nm range in the upper atmosphere?

The dissociation energy of the C-Cl bond in CF₃Cl is 339 kJ/mol. The maximum wavelength of light that has enough energy per photon to dissociate the C-Cl bond is __________ nm.

Ozone is a necessary, protective component of the , but is considered a pollutant in the .

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al₂(SO₄)₃, and Cl₂. The purpose of adding CaO is to __________.