Exam 9: Motivation

Explain equity theory.What does equity theory suggest people do when they feel they are not being treated fairly? Give an example of a situation from your own experience where a person felt he/she was being treated inequitably,and explain it using equity theory.

Anything that an employee can give to himself as a reward for "good" performance on the job is known as a(n):

In Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory,needs that are related to the physical and psychological context in which the work is performed are known as:

An outcome which satisfies motivator needs is:

A subordinate performs a dysfunctional behavior,and her manager administers an undesired consequence to the subordinate.This is known as:

Operant conditioning theory presents four major techniques that managers can use to influence the behavior of subordinates.Discuss each of these techniques and give a specific example of how a manager could use each of these techniques in attempting to change a subordinate's behavior.

Members of an organization are not motivated to put forth a high level of effort if they think that by just doing so leads to high performance.

Maria,a middle manager,enjoys talking over work situations with Daniel,her subordinate,who is a first-line supervisor.However,she notices that Daniel frequently brings problems to her that he expects her to solve,rather than solving them himself.Since Daniel has been a supervisor for a significant length of time,he should be more independent in his actions.She stops acting interested in the problems Daniel brings to her and makes her responses brief.Maria is practicing:

A subordinate changes his behavior from a dysfunctional to a functional one and his manager then removes an undesired outcome.This is known as:

James,a production manager at a growing company,has mastered the processes and procedures of overall management of the ongoing production operations by walking around and watching other managers as they work.This is an example of:

Effort refers to whether an employee keeps trying or gives up,when faced with obstacles in an organization.

Barbara is the dean of the College of Business.She enjoys the pace of her work and the feeling of accomplishment she gets when she is able to initiate a new program to help students.The salary she receives is attractive and allows her to travel abroad on her vacations.Barbara:

Attitude refers to how hard an employee works for an organization.

An example of an employee's input with an organization is:

Vicarious learning is a weak source of motivation on the job.

According to the expectancy theory,high motivation will occur when:

Explain what is meant by a "merit pay plan" and discuss its possible advantages and disadvantages within an organization.

The degree to which an employee keeps trying,when faced with obstacles,to accomplish a goal is referred to as:

Specific,difficult goals may be detrimental for:

A manager removes a positive reinforcement in order to change the behavior of a subordinate.This is called: