Question 1

In the context of motivation theory, what is an output? What is an input? Give examples of each.

Accepted Answer

An outcome is anything a person gets fro

Question 2

Elizabeth perceives that her outcome-input ratio is less than that of her coworker. This is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit bias 
B)  underpayment inequity 
C)  the valence effect 
D)  positive reinforcement 
A)  explicit bias 
B)  underpayment inequity 
C)  the valence effect 
D)  positive reinforcement

Question 3

An individual's belief about his or her ability to perform a behavior successfully is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal stimulus 
B)  self-appreciation 
C)  self-efficacy 
D)  locus of control 
A)  internal stimulus 
B)  self-appreciation 
C)  self-efficacy 
D)  locus of control

Question 4

According to goal-setting theory, to stimulate high motivation and performance, goals must be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  specific and easy 
B)  general and easy 
C)  specific and difficult 
D)  general and difficult 
A)  specific and easy 
B)  general and easy 
C)  specific and difficult 
D)  general and difficult

Question 5

Paul sets a goal of completing the design for a new display box for a major customer by the end of the week. He decides to reward himself by playing golf over the weekend if he is able to complete the project on time. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy 
B)  self-reinforcement 
C)  contingent reinforcement 
D)  vicarious learning 
A)  self-efficacy 
B)  self-reinforcement 
C)  contingent reinforcement 
D)  vicarious learning

Question 6

According to expectancy theory, high motivation will occur when ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy is low and valence is high 
B)  instrumentality is low and expectancy is high 
C)  expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are high 
D)  both expectancy and valence are low 
A)  expectancy is low and valence is high 
B)  instrumentality is low and expectancy is high 
C)  expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are high 
D)  both expectancy and valence are low

Question 7

Psychologist David McClelland extensively researched the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power. Give an account of these needs and their influence in the workplace.

Accepted Answer

The need for achievement is the extent t

Question 8

A subordinate performs a dysfunctional behavior, and her manager administers an undesired consequence to the subordinate. This is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction 
B)  punishment 
C)  counteractive control 
D)  equity 
A)  extinction 
B)  punishment 
C)  counteractive control 
D)  equity

Question 9

Discuss the pros and cons of using punishment. If managers use punishment, how should they minimize the negative side effects?

Accepted Answer

Punishment is good at stopping an undesi

Question 10

Leo Motors bases a worker's pay on the number of units of output of the worker. This is called a piece-rate pay program.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Behavior that is performed in order to acquire either a material or a social reward is called intrinsically motivated behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A worker in an automobile assembly line who chooses his/her work because of the job security it entails is said to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsically motivated 
B)  experiencing overpayment inequity 
C)  experiencing underpayment inequity 
D)  extrinsically motivated 
A)  intrinsically motivated 
B)  experiencing overpayment inequity 
C)  experiencing underpayment inequity 
D)  extrinsically motivated

Question 13

Which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interesting work 
B)  Responsibility 
C)  Pay 
D)  A sense of accomplishment 
A)  Interesting work 
B)  Responsibility 
C)  Pay 
D)  A sense of accomplishment

Question 14

People experiencing overpayment inequity are most likely to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  raise their perceptions of their own inputs 
B)  ask for a raise 
C)  work slower 
D)  be absent more 
A)  raise their perceptions of their own inputs 
B)  ask for a raise 
C)  work slower 
D)  be absent more

Question 15

Joey requested feedback from Michael, his manager, on his performance. Michael is delighted by Joey's attitude. In this context, Joey could be rated high on the need for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  affiliation 
B)  power 
C)  recognition 
D)  achievement 
A)  affiliation 
B)  power 
C)  recognition 
D)  achievement

Question 16

The idea that motivation is high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to the attainment of desired outcomes is explained by the ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy 
B)  valence 
C)  hierarchy of needs 
D)  motivator-hygiene 
A)  expectancy 
B)  valence 
C)  hierarchy of needs 
D)  motivator-hygiene

Question 17

Jane, an employee at Paulson, has been promoted recently due to the huge success of two projects she had delivered that generated more revenue and further projects for PP Tech. She is highly motivated by the promotion and perceives ________ justice of the firm to be high.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual 
B)  distributive 
C)  informational 
D)  interpersonal 
A)  individual 
B)  distributive 
C)  informational 
D)  interpersonal

Question 18

Specific, difficult goals have been found to increase both motivation and performance in some types of work situations. However, they have also been found to decrease both motivation and performance in some other types of work situations. Discuss both of these possibilities and explain the factors that are likely to produce each of these two results.

Accepted Answer

Regardless of whether specific, difficul

Question 19

The theory that distinguishes needs related to the work itself from those related to the context of the work is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Maslow's hierarchy theory 
B)  inequity theory 
C)  Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory 
D)  McClelland's needs theory 
A)  Maslow's hierarchy theory 
B)  inequity theory 
C)  Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory 
D)  McClelland's needs theory

In the context of motivation theory, what is an output? What is an input? Give examples of each.

Elizabeth perceives that her outcome-input ratio is less than that of her coworker. This is known as ________.

An individual's belief about his or her ability to perform a behavior successfully is called ________.

According to goal-setting theory, to stimulate high motivation and performance, goals must be ________.

Paul sets a goal of completing the design for a new display box for a major customer by the end of the week. He decides to reward himself by playing golf over the weekend if he is able to complete the project on time. This is an example of ________.

According to expectancy theory, high motivation will occur when ________.

Psychologist David McClelland extensively researched the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power. Give an account of these needs and their influence in the workplace.

A subordinate performs a dysfunctional behavior, and her manager administers an undesired consequence to the subordinate. This is known as ________.

Discuss the pros and cons of using punishment. If managers use punishment, how should they minimize the negative side effects?

Leo Motors bases a worker's pay on the number of units of output of the worker. This is called a piece-rate pay program.

Behavior that is performed in order to acquire either a material or a social reward is called intrinsically motivated behavior.

A worker in an automobile assembly line who chooses his/her work because of the job security it entails is said to be ________.

Which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

People experiencing overpayment inequity are most likely to ________.

Joey requested feedback from Michael, his manager, on his performance. Michael is delighted by Joey's attitude. In this context, Joey could be rated high on the need for ________.

The idea that motivation is high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to the attainment of desired outcomes is explained by the ________ theory.

Jane, an employee at Paulson, has been promoted recently due to the huge success of two projects she had delivered that generated more revenue and further projects for PP Tech. She is highly motivated by the promotion and perceives ________ justice of the firm to be high.

The theory that distinguishes needs related to the work itself from those related to the context of the work is ________.

The Management Process Today

Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: the Manager As a Person

Managing Ethics and Diversity

Managing in the Global Environment

Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

Planning, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage

Designing Organizational Structure

Control, Change, and Entrepreneurship

Leaders and Leadership

Effective Team Management

Building and Managing Human Resources

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Exam 9: Motivation

In the context of motivation theory, what is an output? What is an input? Give examples of each.

Elizabeth perceives that her outcome-input ratio is less than that of her coworker. This is known as ________.

An individual's belief about his or her ability to perform a behavior successfully is called ________.

According to goal-setting theory, to stimulate high motivation and performance, goals must be ________.

Paul sets a goal of completing the design for a new display box for a major customer by the end of the week. He decides to reward himself by playing golf over the weekend if he is able to complete the project on time. This is an example of ________.

According to expectancy theory, high motivation will occur when ________.

Psychologist David McClelland extensively researched the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power. Give an account of these needs and their influence in the workplace.

A subordinate performs a dysfunctional behavior, and her manager administers an undesired consequence to the subordinate. This is known as ________.

Discuss the pros and cons of using punishment. If managers use punishment, how should they minimize the negative side effects?

Leo Motors bases a worker's pay on the number of units of output of the worker. This is called a piece-rate pay program.

Behavior that is performed in order to acquire either a material or a social reward is called intrinsically motivated behavior.

A worker in an automobile assembly line who chooses his/her work because of the job security it entails is said to be ________.

Which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

People experiencing overpayment inequity are most likely to ________.

Joey requested feedback from Michael, his manager, on his performance. Michael is delighted by Joey's attitude. In this context, Joey could be rated high on the need for ________.

The idea that motivation is high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to the attainment of desired outcomes is explained by the ________ theory.

Jane, an employee at Paulson, has been promoted recently due to the huge success of two projects she had delivered that generated more revenue and further projects for PP Tech. She is highly motivated by the promotion and perceives ________ justice of the firm to be high.

The theory that distinguishes needs related to the work itself from those related to the context of the work is ________.

The Management Process Today

Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: the Manager As a Person

Managing Ethics and Diversity

Managing in the Global Environment

Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

Planning, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage

Designing Organizational Structure

Control, Change, and Entrepreneurship

Leaders and Leadership

Effective Team Management

Building and Managing Human Resources

Communication and Information Technology Management

Operations Management: Managing Vital Operations and

Filters