Question 1

Which of the following approaches to psychology focuses on how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems?

Accepted Answer

A) sociocultural 
B) behavioral 
C) cognitive 
D) psychodynamic 
A) sociocultural 
B) behavioral 
C) cognitive 
D) psychodynamic C

Question 2

Brian conducts a study to examine the ability of boys and girls in solving difficult mathematical problems.He expects girls to perform much better than boys and communicates his expectation to the participants in a subtle manner.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) research participant bias. 
B) experimenter bias. 
C) placebo effect. 
D) double-blind experiment. 
A) research participant bias. 
B) experimenter bias. 
C) placebo effect. 
D) double-blind experiment. B

Question 3

Describe the third variable problem with a suitable example.

Accepted Answer

Sometimes some other variable that has not been measured accounts for the relationship between two others.Researchers refer to this circumstance as the third variable problem.Third variable problem refers to a circumstance where a variable that has not been measured accounts for the relationship between two other variables.To understand the third variable problem, consider the following example.A researcher measures two variables: the number of ice-cream-cones sold in a town and the number of violent crimes that occur in that town throughout the year.The researcher finds that ice-cream-cone sales and violent crimes are positively correlated, to the magnitude of + .50.This high positive correlation would indicate that as ice cream sales increase, so does violent crime.Would it be reasonable for the local paper to run the headline "Ice-Cream Consumption Leads to Violence"? Should concerned citizens gather outside the local Frosty Freeze to stop the madness? Probably not.Perhaps you have already thought of the third variable that might explain this correlation-heat.Third variables are also called confounds.

Question 4

_____ is about making sure experimental and control groups are equivalent, and _____ is about selecting participants from a population so that the selected group is representative of that population.

Accepted Answer

A) Internalization/externalization 
B) External validity/internal validity 
C) A random sample/a random assignment 
D) A random assignment/a random sample 
A) Internalization/externalization 
B) External validity/internal validity 
C) A random sample/a random assignment 
D) A random assignment/a random sample

Question 5

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of

Accepted Answer

A) philosophy. 
B) physics. 
C) chemistry. 
D) sociology. 
A) philosophy. 
B) physics. 
C) chemistry. 
D) sociology.

Question 6

Independent variables are

Accepted Answer

A) measured by researchers. 
B) manipulated by researchers. 
C) confounds that are typically irrelevant to the hypothesis being tested. 
D) the factors that change in response to the changes in dependent variables. 
A) measured by researchers. 
B) manipulated by researchers. 
C) confounds that are typically irrelevant to the hypothesis being tested. 
D) the factors that change in response to the changes in dependent variables.

Question 7

_____ refers to the degree to which an experimental design actually reflects the real-world issues it is supposed to address.

Accepted Answer

A) Internal validity 
B) External validity 
C) Face validity 
D) Reliability 
A) Internal validity 
B) External validity 
C) Face validity 
D) Reliability

Question 8

The _____ approach to psychology views the mind as an active and aware problem-solving system.This view contrasts with the _____ approach to psychology, which focuses on an organism's visible interactions with the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral/cognitive 
B) cognitive/behavioral 
C) psychodynamic/humanistic 
D) humanistic/psychodynamic 
A) behavioral/cognitive 
B) cognitive/behavioral 
C) psychodynamic/humanistic 
D) humanistic/psychodynamic

Question 9

In his practice, Dr.Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influences individuals' behavior.Dr.Wagner's belief aligns with the _____ approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral 
B) cognitive 
C) psychodynamic 
D) evolutionary 
A) behavioral 
B) cognitive 
C) psychodynamic 
D) evolutionary

Question 10

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking, while Group B received no training.Group A is the _____, while Group B is the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) treatment group/placebo group 
B) experimental group/control group 
C) control group/treatment group 
D) placebo group/control group 
A) treatment group/placebo group 
B) experimental group/control group 
C) control group/treatment group 
D) placebo group/control group

Question 11

Which of the following is a potential problem of using correlational studies in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A) They fail to establish a clear causal relationship between variables. 
B) They do not allow researchers to use just one variable to predict the movement of the other variable. 
C) They cannot be used in situations where the issue of ethics is important. 
D) They can be used to study the relationship between only two variables. 
A) They fail to establish a clear causal relationship between variables. 
B) They do not allow researchers to use just one variable to predict the movement of the other variable. 
C) They cannot be used in situations where the issue of ethics is important. 
D) They can be used to study the relationship between only two variables.

Question 12

A _____ is the subset of a population selected to participate in the study.

Accepted Answer

A) sample 
B) case 
C) confederate 
D) placebo 
A) sample 
B) case 
C) confederate 
D) placebo

Question 13

Dr.Ingle has spent a lifetime studying how adults solve mathematical problems.It is likely that Dr.Ingle specializes in _____ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) evolutionary 
B) cognitive 
C) biological 
D) psychodynamic 
A) evolutionary 
B) cognitive 
C) biological 
D) psychodynamic

Question 14

Which of the following theorists primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) William James 
B) Wilhelm Wundt 
C) Charles Darwin 
D) Sigmund Freud 
A) William James 
B) Wilhelm Wundt 
C) Charles Darwin 
D) Sigmund Freud

Question 15

If a psychologist studies about the behavioral differences between people from two religions, he or she is most likely following the _____ approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic 
B) cognitive 
C) humanistic 
D) sociocultural 
A) psychodynamic 
B) cognitive 
C) humanistic 
D) sociocultural

Question 16

Inmates at a correctional facility take part in an experiment on social development.Once the experiment is over, the correctional officer goes home and tells his roommates about the results of the study and about the inmates who did not perform well.In this scenario, which ethical guideline of psychological research has been violated by the correctional officer?

Accepted Answer

A) limited deception 
B) informed consent 
C) freedom from coercion 
D) confidentiality 
A) limited deception 
B) informed consent 
C) freedom from coercion 
D) confidentiality

Question 17

After the study has been completed, the researchers should inform the participants of its purpose and the methods they used.This is in accordance to the principle of

Accepted Answer

A) deception. 
B) informed consent. 
C) confidentiality. 
D) debriefing. 
A) deception. 
B) informed consent. 
C) confidentiality. 
D) debriefing.

Question 18

In correlations research, third variables are also called

Accepted Answer

A) confederates. 
B) confounds. 
C) allies. 
D) boosters. 
A) confederates. 
B) confounds. 
C) allies. 
D) boosters.

Question 19

A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video-game-play on aggression.Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?

Accepted Answer

A) frequency of violent video-game-play 
B) video-game-preferences 
C) scores on an aggressive behavior survey 
D) the number of hours spent playing video games 
A) frequency of violent video-game-play 
B) video-game-preferences 
C) scores on an aggressive behavior survey 
D) the number of hours spent playing video games

Question 20

Describe the four issues that American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines address?

Accepted Answer

The four issues that the American Psycho

Which of the following approaches to psychology focuses on how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems?

Brian conducts a study to examine the ability of boys and girls in solving difficult mathematical problems.He expects girls to perform much better than boys and communicates his expectation to the participants in a subtle manner.This is an example of

Describe the third variable problem with a suitable example.

_ is about making sure experimental and control groups are equivalent, and _ is about selecting participants from a population so that the selected group is representative of that population.

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of

Independent variables are

_____ refers to the degree to which an experimental design actually reflects the real-world issues it is supposed to address.

The _ approach to psychology views the mind as an active and aware problem-solving system.This view contrasts with the _ approach to psychology, which focuses on an organism's visible interactions with the environment.

In his practice, Dr.Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influences individuals' behavior.Dr.Wagner's belief aligns with the _____ approach to psychology.

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking, while Group B received no training.Group A is the _, while Group B is the _.

Which of the following is a potential problem of using correlational studies in psychological research?

A _____ is the subset of a population selected to participate in the study.

Dr.Ingle has spent a lifetime studying how adults solve mathematical problems.It is likely that Dr.Ingle specializes in _____ psychology.

Which of the following theorists primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior?

If a psychologist studies about the behavioral differences between people from two religions, he or she is most likely following the _____ approach to psychology.

After the study has been completed, the researchers should inform the participants of its purpose and the methods they used.This is in accordance to the principle of

In correlations research, third variables are also called

A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video-game-play on aggression.Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?

Describe the four issues that American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines address?

The Brain and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Human Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Health Psychology

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which of the following approaches to psychology focuses on how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems?

Brian conducts a study to examine the ability of boys and girls in solving difficult mathematical problems.He expects girls to perform much better than boys and communicates his expectation to the participants in a subtle manner.This is an example of

Describe the third variable problem with a suitable example.

_____ is about making sure experimental and control groups are equivalent, and _____ is about selecting participants from a population so that the selected group is representative of that population.

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of

Independent variables are

_____ refers to the degree to which an experimental design actually reflects the real-world issues it is supposed to address.

The _____ approach to psychology views the mind as an active and aware problem-solving system.This view contrasts with the _____ approach to psychology, which focuses on an organism's visible interactions with the environment.

In his practice, Dr.Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influences individuals' behavior.Dr.Wagner's belief aligns with the _____ approach to psychology.

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking, while Group B received no training.Group A is the _____, while Group B is the _____.

Which of the following is a potential problem of using correlational studies in psychological research?

A _____ is the subset of a population selected to participate in the study.

Dr.Ingle has spent a lifetime studying how adults solve mathematical problems.It is likely that Dr.Ingle specializes in _____ psychology.

Which of the following theorists primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior?

If a psychologist studies about the behavioral differences between people from two religions, he or she is most likely following the _____ approach to psychology.

After the study has been completed, the researchers should inform the participants of its purpose and the methods they used.This is in accordance to the principle of

In correlations research, third variables are also called

A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video-game-play on aggression.Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?

Describe the four issues that American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines address?

The Brain and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Human Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Health Psychology

Filters

_ is about making sure experimental and control groups are equivalent, and _ is about selecting participants from a population so that the selected group is representative of that population.

The _ approach to psychology views the mind as an active and aware problem-solving system.This view contrasts with the _ approach to psychology, which focuses on an organism's visible interactions with the environment.

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking, while Group B received no training.Group A is the _, while Group B is the _.