Exam 13: Evolution of High-Mass Stars

In the figure below,when elements from section A undergo fusion,energy is _______.Because of this fact,it would be ________ to find a high-mass main sequence star with a high concentration of elements from section B.

Light is increasingly redshifted near a black hole because:

Normally muons created by cosmic rays at high altitudes decay in a very short time,a time so short that they should not reach the ground.From the figure below,which muon is most likely to be detected on the ground?

When the core of a massive star collapses,a neutron star forms because:

Although a Type II supernova shines with a luminosity of 100 billion L _$\bigodot$ ,most of the energy in the explosion is emitted in another way.What is it,and how much more energy does it carry compared to the light?

What is the minimum mass main-sequence star that becomes a Type II supernova?

How do Cepheid variable stars differ from RR Lyrae variable stars in their masses,luminosities,and periods?

The Type II supernova that created the Crab Nebula (image below)was seen by Chinese and Arab astronomers in the year A.D.1054 Because the star is 6,500 light-years away from us,we know the star exploded in the year:

Every pulsar is a neutron star,but not every neutron star is a pulsar.

Why do main-sequence high-mass stars lose so much mass compared to low-mass stars?

If you measure the average brightness and pulsation period of a Cepheid variable star,you can also determine its:

Einstein's special theory of relativity implies that if a person standing at the front of a train traveling at 0.1 km/s shines a flashlight out in front of the train,the emitted photons will travel at a speed of 300,000.1 km/s.

A neutron star contains a mass of up to 3 M _$\bigodot$ in a sphere with a diameter approximately the size of:

Why do large,high-mass main-sequence stars never become red giants?

Once silicon burning begins to fuse iron in the core of a high-mass main-sequence star,it only has a few __________ left to live.

Galileo supposedly experimented with gravity by dropping two objects of different masses from the leaning tower of Pisa at the same instant and observing that they hit the ground at the same time.If Albert Einstein had done the experiment,how would his conclusion have differed from Galileo's?

If the Sun were to be instantly replaced by a 1 M _$\bigodot$ black hole,the gravitational pull of the black hole on Earth would be:

Fusion reactions that create chemical elements heavier than oxygen require energy input,thus these reactions cannot provide a star with power.

The abundances of elements in the Crab Nebula (image below),like all planetary nebulae,show that it formed as the byproduct of fusion present in low-mass stars.

Examine the figure below.Explain what the equivalence principle is in general relativity.