Question 1

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining whether or not two EPSPs combine to reach threshold?

Accepted Answer

A)  size of the EPSPs 
B)  timing between them 
C)  threshold of the postsynaptic cell 
D)  threshold of the presynaptic cell 
A)  size of the EPSPs 
B)  timing between them 
C)  threshold of the postsynaptic cell 
D)  threshold of the presynaptic cell

Question 3

In addition to influencing other neurons, ____ dilates the nearby blood vessels, thereby increasing blood flow to that area of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  endorphins 
B)  glycine 
C)  nitric oxide 
D)  acetylcholine 
A)  endorphins 
B)  glycine 
C)  nitric oxide 
D)  acetylcholine

Question 4

A drug that relaxes a person and makes them less sensitive to pain is most likely a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  opiate. 
B)  hallucinogen. 
C)  stimulant. 
D)  cannabinoid. 
A)  opiate. 
B)  hallucinogen. 
C)  stimulant. 
D)  cannabinoid.

Question 5

Briefly describe spatial summation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe spatial summation....

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a likely effect of using marijuana?

Accepted Answer

A)  memory loss 
B)  decreased nausea 
C)  reduced risk of Parkinson's disease 
D)  suppressed appetite 
A)  memory loss 
B)  decreased nausea 
C)  reduced risk of Parkinson's disease 
D)  suppressed appetite

Question 7

What is the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

A)  the gap between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron 
B)  a packet that stores neurotransmitter molecules 
C)  a subthreshold depolarization 
D)  the storage location for calcium ions 
A)  the gap between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron 
B)  a packet that stores neurotransmitter molecules 
C)  a subthreshold depolarization 
D)  the storage location for calcium ions

Question 8

The proper order of a reflex arc is:

Accepted Answer

A)  motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron. 
B)  sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron. 
C)  motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron. 
D)  sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron. 
A)  motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron. 
B)  sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron. 
C)  motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron. 
D)  sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron.

Question 9

Depolarization is to ____ as hyperpolarization is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  excitation; inhibition 
B)  inhibition; excitation 
C)  increasing the threshold; decreasing the threshold 
D)  decreasing the threshold; increasing the threshold 
A)  excitation; inhibition 
B)  inhibition; excitation 
C)  increasing the threshold; decreasing the threshold 
D)  decreasing the threshold; increasing the threshold

Question 10

To measure temporal summation in single cells, researchers:

Accepted Answer

A)  attach electrodes to the scalp. 
B)  insert an microelectrode into the scalp. 
C)  collect sodium and potassium ions from nearby glial cells. 
D)  record depolarizations of the postsynaptic neuron. 
A)  attach electrodes to the scalp. 
B)  insert an microelectrode into the scalp. 
C)  collect sodium and potassium ions from nearby glial cells. 
D)  record depolarizations of the postsynaptic neuron.

Question 11

Even at rest, most neurons have periodic production of action potentials, known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous firing rate. 
B)  excitatory firing rate. 
C)  all-or-none law. 
D)  Dale's principle. 
A)  spontaneous firing rate. 
B)  excitatory firing rate. 
C)  all-or-none law. 
D)  Dale's principle.

Question 12

Describe the main properties of neuropeptides (neuromodulators).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the main properties of neuropeptides (neuromodulators)....

Question 13

A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is an agonist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Dopamine and norepinephrine are classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  second messengers. 
B)  purines. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  catecholamines. 
A)  second messengers. 
B)  purines. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  catecholamines.

Question 15

Neurotransmitter is to ____ as cyclic AMP is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  first messenger, second messenger 
B)  second messenger, first messenger 
C)  metabotropic, ionotropic 
D)  receptor, neuromodulator 
A)  first messenger, second messenger 
B)  second messenger, first messenger 
C)  metabotropic, ionotropic 
D)  receptor, neuromodulator

Question 16

Describe the sequence of events that occurs in synaptic transmission.

Accepted Answer

Synthesis, storage,

Question 17

Our brains respond to plant chemicals because:

Accepted Answer

A)  plants use chemicals similar to neurotransmitters. 
B)  animals evolved from plants. 
C)  plants have evolved neuron-like cells. 
D)  those are the only chemicals that are stable at common environmental temperatures. 
A)  plants use chemicals similar to neurotransmitters. 
B)  animals evolved from plants. 
C)  plants have evolved neuron-like cells. 
D)  those are the only chemicals that are stable at common environmental temperatures.

Question 18

If a drug has high affinity and high efficacy, what effect does it have on the postsynaptic neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonistic 
B)  agonistic 
C)  proactive 
D)  destructive 
A)  antagonistic 
B)  agonistic 
C)  proactive 
D)  destructive

Question 19

Which effect is consistently associated with a "second messenger"?

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic 
B)  metabotropic 
C)  inhibitory 
D)  excitatory 
A)  ionotropic 
B)  metabotropic 
C)  inhibitory 
D)  excitatory

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE about the spontaneous firing rates of neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  EPSPs increase the frequency. 
B)  EPSPs decrease the frequency. 
C)  IPSPs increase the frequency. 
D)  One EPSP equals the effect of two IPSPs. 
A)  EPSPs increase the frequency. 
B)  EPSPs decrease the frequency. 
C)  IPSPs increase the frequency. 
D)  One EPSP equals the effect of two IPSPs.

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.

Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining whether or not two EPSPs combine to reach threshold?

In addition to influencing other neurons, ____ dilates the nearby blood vessels, thereby increasing blood flow to that area of the brain.

A drug that relaxes a person and makes them less sensitive to pain is most likely a(n):

Briefly describe spatial summation.

Which of the following is NOT a likely effect of using marijuana?

What is the synaptic cleft?

The proper order of a reflex arc is:

Depolarization is to as hyperpolarization is to .

To measure temporal summation in single cells, researchers:

Even at rest, most neurons have periodic production of action potentials, known as the:

Describe the main properties of neuropeptides (neuromodulators).

A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is an agonist.

Dopamine and norepinephrine are classified as:

Neurotransmitter is to as cyclic AMP is to .

Describe the sequence of events that occurs in synaptic transmission.

Our brains respond to plant chemicals because:

If a drug has high affinity and high efficacy, what effect does it have on the postsynaptic neuron?

Which effect is consistently associated with a "second messenger"?

Which of the following is TRUE about the spontaneous firing rates of neurons?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 3: Synapses

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.

Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining whether or not two EPSPs combine to reach threshold?

In addition to influencing other neurons, ____ dilates the nearby blood vessels, thereby increasing blood flow to that area of the brain.

A drug that relaxes a person and makes them less sensitive to pain is most likely a(n):

Briefly describe spatial summation.

Which of the following is NOT a likely effect of using marijuana?

What is the synaptic cleft?

The proper order of a reflex arc is:

Depolarization is to ____ as hyperpolarization is to ____.

To measure temporal summation in single cells, researchers:

Even at rest, most neurons have periodic production of action potentials, known as the:

Describe the main properties of neuropeptides (neuromodulators).

A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is an agonist.

Dopamine and norepinephrine are classified as:

Neurotransmitter is to ____ as cyclic AMP is to ____.

Describe the sequence of events that occurs in synaptic transmission.

Our brains respond to plant chemicals because:

If a drug has high affinity and high efficacy, what effect does it have on the postsynaptic neuron?

Which effect is consistently associated with a "second messenger"?

Which of the following is TRUE about the spontaneous firing rates of neurons?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Depolarization is to as hyperpolarization is to .

Neurotransmitter is to as cyclic AMP is to .