Question 1

The second law of thermodynamics states that

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter 
B)  Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another 
C)  Energy organizes in a closed system and moves toward increasing order 
D)  Energy dissipates in a closed system and moves toward increasing disorder 
A)  Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter 
B)  Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another 
C)  Energy organizes in a closed system and moves toward increasing order 
D)  Energy dissipates in a closed system and moves toward increasing disorder

Question 2

Which of the following is a coenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  Maltase 
C)  FAD 
D)  Phosphoanhydride 
A)  ATP 
B)  Maltase 
C)  FAD 
D)  Phosphoanhydride

Question 3

The net direction of any chemical reaction depends on the

Accepted Answer

A)  relative energy contents of the substances involved. 
B)  amount of enzyme present. 
C)  amount of substrate present. 
D)  amount of ATP present. 
A)  relative energy contents of the substances involved. 
B)  amount of enzyme present. 
C)  amount of substrate present. 
D)  amount of ATP present.

Question 4

According to the laws of physics governing energy

Accepted Answer

A)  when a liter of gasoline is burned in a car engine, 100% of its energy moves the car along the road. 
B)  when you eat a kilogram of food, you will assemble exactly a kilogram of additional body weight on your body. 
C)  sunlight that is absorbed on the earth eventually returns to space as dispersed heat. 
D)  a calorie of sunlight becomes a calorie of plant tissue that, when eaten by an animal, becomes a calorie of heat lost in muscle "power." 
A)  when a liter of gasoline is burned in a car engine, 100% of its energy moves the car along the road. 
B)  when you eat a kilogram of food, you will assemble exactly a kilogram of additional body weight on your body. 
C)  sunlight that is absorbed on the earth eventually returns to space as dispersed heat. 
D)  a calorie of sunlight becomes a calorie of plant tissue that, when eaten by an animal, becomes a calorie of heat lost in muscle "power."

Question 5

When an energy-requiring reaction is driven by an energy-yielding reaction,it is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A)  Exergonic reaction 
B)  Endergonic reaction 
C)  Endo-exergonic reaction 
D)  Coupled reaction 
A)  Exergonic reaction 
B)  Endergonic reaction 
C)  Endo-exergonic reaction 
D)  Coupled reaction

Question 6

Exergonic reactions

Accepted Answer

A)  are always coupling reactions. 
B)  can occur spontaneously. 
C)  can only occur if there is an input of energy. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  are always coupling reactions. 
B)  can occur spontaneously. 
C)  can only occur if there is an input of energy. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Before a chemical bond is stressed enough to break,___________ must be supplied.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Before a chemical bond is stressed enough...

Question 8

Research on lipid metabolism has resulted in pharmaceutical drugs that could help fight the obesity epidemic.Explain how these drugs might help someone lose weight.

Accepted Answer

Research on lipid metabolism has led to

Question 9

The most accurate portrayal of ATP is that

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is a fuel. 
B)  ATP is a storehouse of energy set aside for some future need. 
C)  ATP is an energy-coupling agent and is formed and used only when needed. 
D)  ATP is produced and consumed by the same reaction. 
A)  ATP is a fuel. 
B)  ATP is a storehouse of energy set aside for some future need. 
C)  ATP is an energy-coupling agent and is formed and used only when needed. 
D)  ATP is produced and consumed by the same reaction.

Question 10

Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen consumption and the ultimate source of this free oxygen is generated by autotrophic organisms by the process of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen consumption and the...

Question 11

A coenzyme is

Accepted Answer

A)  an ionic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it. 
B)  a protein cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it. 
C)  an ionic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. 
D)  a protein cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. 
E)  a nonprotein organic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. 
A)  an ionic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it. 
B)  a protein cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it. 
C)  an ionic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. 
D)  a protein cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. 
E)  a nonprotein organic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work.

Question 12

Following glycolysis,the two molecules of pyruvic acid enter a mitochondrion where each molecule is oxidized to produce

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. 
C)  acetyl-CoA and water. 
D)  pyruvates and carbon dioxide. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. 
C)  acetyl-CoA and water. 
D)  pyruvates and carbon dioxide.

Question 13

In the absence of oxygen,glycolysis results in glucose being degraded into two 3-carbon molecules of ______ _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the absence of oxygen,glycolysis results in...

Question 14

Coupling occurs when energy released by an exergonic reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)  used to drive another exergonic reaction. 
B)  used to drive an endergonic reaction. 
C)  lost as nonusable heat to the environment. 
D)  used to decrease the entropy of the universe. 
A)  used to drive another exergonic reaction. 
B)  used to drive an endergonic reaction. 
C)  lost as nonusable heat to the environment. 
D)  used to decrease the entropy of the universe.

Question 15

Animals exhale carbon dioxide that was primarily produced in

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis. 
B)  the electron transport system. 
C)  lactate fermentation. 
D)  the Krebs cycle. 
A)  glycolysis. 
B)  the electron transport system. 
C)  lactate fermentation. 
D)  the Krebs cycle.

Question 16

Which form of energy is NOT correctly associated with an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kinetic energy: glucose 
B)  Kinetic energy: muscle movement 
C)  Potential energy: water held behind a dam 
D)  Kinetic energy: a ball rolling down a hill 
A)  Kinetic energy: glucose 
B)  Kinetic energy: muscle movement 
C)  Potential energy: water held behind a dam 
D)  Kinetic energy: a ball rolling down a hill

Question 17

Why do some animals degrade amino acids to ammonia and others dispose of it as urea or uric acid?

Accepted Answer

The way animals metabolize and excrete n

Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

The second law of thermodynamics states that

Which of the following is a coenzyme?

The net direction of any chemical reaction depends on the

According to the laws of physics governing energy

When an energy-requiring reaction is driven by an energy-yielding reaction,it is called a/an

Exergonic reactions

Before a chemical bond is stressed enough to break,___________ must be supplied.

Research on lipid metabolism has resulted in pharmaceutical drugs that could help fight the obesity epidemic.Explain how these drugs might help someone lose weight.

The most accurate portrayal of ATP is that

Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen consumption and the ultimate source of this free oxygen is generated by autotrophic organisms by the process of _______.

A coenzyme is

Following glycolysis,the two molecules of pyruvic acid enter a mitochondrion where each molecule is oxidized to produce

In the absence of oxygen,glycolysis results in glucose being degraded into two 3-carbon molecules of ______ _______.

Coupling occurs when energy released by an exergonic reaction is

Animals exhale carbon dioxide that was primarily produced in

Which form of energy is NOT correctly associated with an example?

Why do some animals degrade amino acids to ammonia and others dispose of it as urea or uric acid?

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectural Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Radiate Animals

Acoelomorpha,Platyzoa,and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Support, Protection, and Movement

Chaetognaths, Echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Behavior

Animal Distributions

Animal Ecology

Filters

In the absence of oxygen,glycolysis results in glucose being degraded into two 3-carbon molecules of _.