Question 1

One of the principal tests of the ability of invertebrate tissues to recognize nonself is grafting a tissue from another individual of the same species.This is called a(n)_________.

Accepted Answer

allograft

Question 2

Low-molecular weight glycoproteins that are released by many eukaryotic cells in response to invasion by intracellular parasites are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  complement 
B)  lysozymes 
C)  macrophages 
D)  interferons 
E)  tissue necrosis factors 
A)  complement 
B)  lysozymes 
C)  macrophages 
D)  interferons 
E)  tissue necrosis factors D

Question 3

What type(s)of cell(s)conduct(s)phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macrophages in lymph nodes 
B)  Kupffer cells in sinusoids 
C)  Microglial cells in the brain 
D)  Neutrophils 
E)  All of the choices are able to phagocytize 
A)  Macrophages in lymph nodes 
B)  Kupffer cells in sinusoids 
C)  Microglial cells in the brain 
D)  Neutrophils 
E)  All of the choices are able to phagocytize E

Question 4

The cells that secrete antibodies are called __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cells that secrete antibodies are called...

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inflammation is a very specific response to a limited number of antigens. 
B)  All immune responses involve antibodies. 
C)  There are an equal number of memory cells and activated B cells that gave rise to the memory cells. 
D)  Inflammation is a vital process to defend and repair tissues. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  Inflammation is a very specific response to a limited number of antigens. 
B)  All immune responses involve antibodies. 
C)  There are an equal number of memory cells and activated B cells that gave rise to the memory cells. 
D)  Inflammation is a vital process to defend and repair tissues. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 6

Distinguish between innate immunity and acquired immunity.How are innate mechanisms influenced and sometimes strengthened as a consequence of acquired immune responses?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity is the body's first line

Question 7

Discuss the following terms: susceptible,resistant,infective,noninfective,immunity.

Accepted Answer

Susceptible: This term refers to an indi

Question 8

In a young individual who has never been exposed to a blood transfusion,why does A-type blood have anti-B antibody,while B-type blood has anti-A antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fetus is exposed to the mother's blood antigens during pregnancy. 
B)  All individuals already have all possible antibodies at birth so this is normal. 
C)  That antibodies develop to A and B epitopes on intestinal microorganisms in the intestine. 
D)  The antibodies are transferred in the saliva from parent to child. 
E)  The antibodies are made to the recessive blood type that is not expressed. 
A)  The fetus is exposed to the mother's blood antigens during pregnancy. 
B)  All individuals already have all possible antibodies at birth so this is normal. 
C)  That antibodies develop to A and B epitopes on intestinal microorganisms in the intestine. 
D)  The antibodies are transferred in the saliva from parent to child. 
E)  The antibodies are made to the recessive blood type that is not expressed.

Question 9

Explain why hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)is a problem if the mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive,but not if the reverse is true.

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic disease of the newborn, also k

Question 10

The acquired immune response in vertebrates has two arms:

Accepted Answer

A)  antibodies and antigens. 
B)  B and T lymphocytes. 
C)  cellular and humoral. 
D)  TH1 and TH2. 
E)  immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors. 
A)  antibodies and antigens. 
B)  B and T lymphocytes. 
C)  cellular and humoral. 
D)  TH1 and TH2. 
E)  immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors.

Question 11

The terms "neutrophil" and "basophil" and "eosinophil" refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  whether they are active in acidic, neutral, or basic conditions. 
B)  their tissue origins. 
C)  the type of chemical they use to kill cells. 
D)  stains that are used to identify them. 
E)  the researchers who described them. 
A)  whether they are active in acidic, neutral, or basic conditions. 
B)  their tissue origins. 
C)  the type of chemical they use to kill cells. 
D)  stains that are used to identify them. 
E)  the researchers who described them.

Question 12

The blood typing test relies on ________ of red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  agglutination 
B)  staining 
C)  microscopic inspection 
D)  culturing 
E)  nuclear identification 
A)  agglutination 
B)  staining 
C)  microscopic inspection 
D)  culturing 
E)  nuclear identification

Question 13

Immunoglobulins have a structure that resembles which letter?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  S 
D)  T 
E)  Y 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  S 
D)  T 
E)  Y

Question 14

When a phagocyte engulfs a bacterium or other foreign particle,how does it destroy the foreign material in the vacuole?

Accepted Answer

A)  By being denied its natural food and surface respiration the bacterium simply ceases to live and breaks apart over time. 
B)  The phagocyte's nuclear coding is stronger than that of the bacterium. 
C)  The Golgi body proceeds to use molecules from the foreign body for cell products. 
D)  A cell lysosome is fused with the foreign particle and digestive enzymes destroy the particle. 
E)  Cell mitochondria use the foreign material as a fuel for aerobic respiration. 
A)  By being denied its natural food and surface respiration the bacterium simply ceases to live and breaks apart over time. 
B)  The phagocyte's nuclear coding is stronger than that of the bacterium. 
C)  The Golgi body proceeds to use molecules from the foreign body for cell products. 
D)  A cell lysosome is fused with the foreign particle and digestive enzymes destroy the particle. 
E)  Cell mitochondria use the foreign material as a fuel for aerobic respiration.

Question 15

Many immune responses involve little,if any,________ and depend on the action of cells only.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many immune responses involve little,if any,________ and...

Question 16

Cells bear substances on their surfaces that are the basis of nonself recognition.These substances are _______ ________ _______.

Accepted Answer

major hist

Question 17

_________ cells are responsible for retaining antigen memory for faster future immune response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________ cells are responsible for retaining antigen...

Question 18

Identify the following: tumor necrosis factor,complement,phagocytosis,leukocytes.

Accepted Answer

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF): Tumor necro

Question 19

In a process called __________,an antibody becomes coated with antibody molecules and then macrophages recognize the projecting antibody regions and are stimulated to engulf the particle.

Accepted Answer

A)  co-receptor toxicity 
B)  cytokinesis 
C)  antigen-presentation 
D)  opsonization 
E)  inflammation 
A)  co-receptor toxicity 
B)  cytokinesis 
C)  antigen-presentation 
D)  opsonization 
E)  inflammation

Question 20

How do the following granulocytic leukocytes differ: neutrophils,eosinophils,basophils?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Exam 35: Immunity

One of the principal tests of the ability of invertebrate tissues to recognize nonself is grafting a tissue from another individual of the same species.This is called a(n)_________.

Low-molecular weight glycoproteins that are released by many eukaryotic cells in response to invasion by intracellular parasites are called _____.

What type(s)of cell(s)conduct(s)phagocytosis?

The cells that secrete antibodies are called __________________.

Which of the following statements is correct?

Distinguish between innate immunity and acquired immunity.How are innate mechanisms influenced and sometimes strengthened as a consequence of acquired immune responses?

Discuss the following terms: susceptible,resistant,infective,noninfective,immunity.

In a young individual who has never been exposed to a blood transfusion,why does A-type blood have anti-B antibody,while B-type blood has anti-A antibody?

Explain why hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)is a problem if the mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive,but not if the reverse is true.

The acquired immune response in vertebrates has two arms:

The terms "neutrophil" and "basophil" and "eosinophil" refer to

The blood typing test relies on ________ of red blood cells.

Immunoglobulins have a structure that resembles which letter?

When a phagocyte engulfs a bacterium or other foreign particle,how does it destroy the foreign material in the vacuole?

Many immune responses involve little,if any,________ and depend on the action of cells only.

Cells bear substances on their surfaces that are the basis of nonself recognition.These substances are _______ ________ _______.

_________ cells are responsible for retaining antigen memory for faster future immune response.

Identify the following: tumor necrosis factor,complement,phagocytosis,leukocytes.

In a process called __________,an antibody becomes coated with antibody molecules and then macrophages recognize the projecting antibody regions and are stimulated to engulf the particle.

How do the following granulocytic leukocytes differ: neutrophils,eosinophils,basophils?

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectural Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Radiate Animals

Acoelomorpha,Platyzoa,and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Support, Protection, and Movement

Chaetognaths, Echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Animal Behavior

Animal Distributions

Animal Ecology

Filters

Cells bear substances on their surfaces that are the basis of nonself recognition.These substances are _ _.