Question 1

A feature of the earliest echinoderms apparently was development of endoskeletal plates with ______________ structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A feature of the earliest echinoderms apparently...

Question 2

Water for filter feeding in the hemichordates is driven by _________ _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water for filter feeding in the hemichordates...

Question 3

The larva of an acorn worm is

Accepted Answer

A)  always a juvenile that grows into a bigger adult. 
B)  a tornaria larvae that resembles an echinoderm bipinnaria larvae. 
C)  very close in structure to a tunicate larva. 
D)  nearly identical to a lancelet. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  always a juvenile that grows into a bigger adult. 
B)  a tornaria larvae that resembles an echinoderm bipinnaria larvae. 
C)  very close in structure to a tunicate larva. 
D)  nearly identical to a lancelet. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 4

The nervous system of an enteropneust hemichordate (or acorn worm)consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  a small brain and a dorsal ladder network of ganglia for each body segment. 
B)  a network or plexus that runs underneath the epithelial cells that fuse to become ventral and dorsal neurochords. 
C)  a small brain and a ventral ladder network of ganglia for each body segment. 
D)  no brain but an extensive network of ganglia transferring information from sensory organs to the digestive system. 
E)  no specialized nerves; the epitheliomuscular must respond to stimuli itself in a manner similar to the cnidarians. 
A)  a small brain and a dorsal ladder network of ganglia for each body segment. 
B)  a network or plexus that runs underneath the epithelial cells that fuse to become ventral and dorsal neurochords. 
C)  a small brain and a ventral ladder network of ganglia for each body segment. 
D)  no brain but an extensive network of ganglia transferring information from sensory organs to the digestive system. 
E)  no specialized nerves; the epitheliomuscular must respond to stimuli itself in a manner similar to the cnidarians.

Question 5

Which is NOT a correct association of structure and function in sea star anatomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ampullae-end of the tube foot that bears the sucker 
B)  Polian vesicles-fluid storage 
C)  Tiedemann's bodies-production of coelomocytes 
D)  Lateral canals-connects the radial canal to the tube feet and has one-way valves 
E)  Stone canal-joins the madreporite and ring canal 
A)  Ampullae-end of the tube foot that bears the sucker 
B)  Polian vesicles-fluid storage 
C)  Tiedemann's bodies-production of coelomocytes 
D)  Lateral canals-connects the radial canal to the tube feet and has one-way valves 
E)  Stone canal-joins the madreporite and ring canal

Question 6

________________ are pincer-like projections clustered on the skin of a sea star which serve to keep it clean of parasites and aquatic growth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________________ are pincer-like projections clustered on the...

Question 7

Hemichordates do not have a kidney,but they do have a single _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hemichordates do not have a kidney,but they...

Question 8

Small projections between the ossicles of sea stars that function in respiration are the ______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Small projections between the ossicles of sea...

Question 9

"Bipinnaria" describes the

Accepted Answer

A)  larval form of many echinoderms. 
B)  central two-branched reproductive structures of sea stars. 
C)  hydraulic system that controls the tube feet of sea urchins and sea stars. 
D)  ability of these animals to grow into either males or females. 
E)  underlying bilateral symmetry of an adult although it appears to be pentaradial. 
A)  larval form of many echinoderms. 
B)  central two-branched reproductive structures of sea stars. 
C)  hydraulic system that controls the tube feet of sea urchins and sea stars. 
D)  ability of these animals to grow into either males or females. 
E)  underlying bilateral symmetry of an adult although it appears to be pentaradial.

Question 10

If the radial nerve in an arm is cut,the podia in that arm lose coordination; if the circumoral nerve ring is cut,podia in all arms are uncoordinated and movement ceases.This indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  the hydraulic system is not involved in movement of tube feet. 
B)  the radial nerve controls the nerve ring. 
C)  part of the function of tube feet is hydraulic and part is controlled by the nerve stimulation. 
D)  water pressure in the hydraulic system is directly controlled by the nervous system. 
E)  the sea star is aware of the extent it is damaged and can change behaviors to compensate. 
A)  the hydraulic system is not involved in movement of tube feet. 
B)  the radial nerve controls the nerve ring. 
C)  part of the function of tube feet is hydraulic and part is controlled by the nerve stimulation. 
D)  water pressure in the hydraulic system is directly controlled by the nervous system. 
E)  the sea star is aware of the extent it is damaged and can change behaviors to compensate.

Question 11

________________ is the porous plate on the aboral surface where water enters the water vascular system of a sea star.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________________ is the porous plate on the...

Question 12

The complex chewing apparatus found in many sea urchins is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Ampulla. 
B)  Aristotle's lantern. 
C)  Hydrocoel. 
D)  Pedicellariae. 
E)  Petaloid. 
A)  Ampulla. 
B)  Aristotle's lantern. 
C)  Hydrocoel. 
D)  Pedicellariae. 
E)  Petaloid.

Question 13

The oral tentacles of the sea cucumber are

Accepted Answer

A)  modified tube feet. 
B)  actually primitive lophophores. 
C)  elaborated pedicellariae. 
D)  also part of its respiratory tree. 
E)  completely new structures evolved in this group. 
A)  modified tube feet. 
B)  actually primitive lophophores. 
C)  elaborated pedicellariae. 
D)  also part of its respiratory tree. 
E)  completely new structures evolved in this group.

Question 14

Ecologically,sea stars are at what trophic level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Producer 
B)  Herbivore 
C)  Top carnivore 
D)  Omnivore 
E)  Detritivore 
A)  Producer 
B)  Herbivore 
C)  Top carnivore 
D)  Omnivore 
E)  Detritivore

Question 15

Characteristics of the hemichordates that are shared with the echinoderms and are the basis for the clade Ambulacraria are a diffuse epidermal nervous system and _______ ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Characteristics of the hemichordates that are shared...

Question 16

Hemichordates show relationships to

Accepted Answer

A)  arrow-worms. 
B)  arthropods and annelids. 
C)  molluscs and echinoderms. 
D)  annelids and echinoderms. 
E)  both the echinoderms and the chordates. 
A)  arrow-worms. 
B)  arthropods and annelids. 
C)  molluscs and echinoderms. 
D)  annelids and echinoderms. 
E)  both the echinoderms and the chordates.

Question 17

In echinoderms,the main coelomic compartment is

Accepted Answer

A)  missing. 
B)  a somatocoel. 
C)  completely converted into the water-vascular system. 
D)  the pyloric stomach. 
E)  restricted to a small space around the gonads. 
A)  missing. 
B)  a somatocoel. 
C)  completely converted into the water-vascular system. 
D)  the pyloric stomach. 
E)  restricted to a small space around the gonads.

Question 18

A system of unknown function consisting of tissue strands enclosing unlined channels is the __________ system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A system of unknown function consisting of...

Question 19

The larvae of echinoderms have ______________ symmetry.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The larvae of echinoderms have ______________ symmetry....

Question 20

Within basic research,sea urchins have been a standard research animal in

Accepted Answer

A)  immunology. 
B)  study of respiratory systems. 
C)  study of bone. 
D)  digestive anatomy. 
E)  molecular embryology. 
A)  immunology. 
B)  study of respiratory systems. 
C)  study of bone. 
D)  digestive anatomy. 
E)  molecular embryology.

Exam 22: Chaetognaths, Echinoderms, and Hemichordates

A feature of the earliest echinoderms apparently was development of endoskeletal plates with ______________ structure.

Water for filter feeding in the hemichordates is driven by _________ _________.

The larva of an acorn worm is

The nervous system of an enteropneust hemichordate (or acorn worm)consists of

Which is NOT a correct association of structure and function in sea star anatomy?

________________ are pincer-like projections clustered on the skin of a sea star which serve to keep it clean of parasites and aquatic growth.

Hemichordates do not have a kidney,but they do have a single _____________.

Small projections between the ossicles of sea stars that function in respiration are the ______________.

"Bipinnaria" describes the

If the radial nerve in an arm is cut,the podia in that arm lose coordination; if the circumoral nerve ring is cut,podia in all arms are uncoordinated and movement ceases.This indicates that

________________ is the porous plate on the aboral surface where water enters the water vascular system of a sea star.

The complex chewing apparatus found in many sea urchins is the

The oral tentacles of the sea cucumber are

Ecologically,sea stars are at what trophic level?

Characteristics of the hemichordates that are shared with the echinoderms and are the basis for the clade Ambulacraria are a diffuse epidermal nervous system and _______ ________.

Hemichordates show relationships to

In echinoderms,the main coelomic compartment is

A system of unknown function consisting of tissue strands enclosing unlined channels is the __________ system.

The larvae of echinoderms have ______________ symmetry.

Within basic research,sea urchins have been a standard research animal in

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectural Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Radiate Animals

Acoelomorpha,Platyzoa,and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Support, Protection, and Movement

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Behavior

Animal Distributions

Animal Ecology

Filters

Water for filter feeding in the hemichordates is driven by _ _.

Characteristics of the hemichordates that are shared with the echinoderms and are the basis for the clade Ambulacraria are a diffuse epidermal nervous system and _ __.