Question 1

The example of the sickle-cell allele demonstrates a key aspect of evolution through natural selection,in that

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to the individual organism, not the general population. 
B)  human populations in the tropics are the most susceptible to random changes caused by natural selection. 
C)  natural selection increases the variety in a population upon which subsequent natural selective processes can act. 
D)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to specific environments; traits are not universally adaptive or maladaptive. 
E)  although natural selection usually acts upon the phenotype, it can sometimes act upon the genotype. 
A)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to the individual organism, not the general population. 
B)  human populations in the tropics are the most susceptible to random changes caused by natural selection. 
C)  natural selection increases the variety in a population upon which subsequent natural selective processes can act. 
D)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to specific environments; traits are not universally adaptive or maladaptive. 
E)  although natural selection usually acts upon the phenotype, it can sometimes act upon the genotype.

Question 2

The theory of creationism argues that all the species present today were created as natural selection selected the fittest individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Why are genetics and evolution so important to anthropology?

Accepted Answer

A)  They give anthropology some credibility as a scientific field. 
B)  They provide the key to understanding the rate of environmental change throughout human history. 
C)  They define humans' position at the top of the hierarchy of biological diversity. 
D)  They help anthropologists document and explain human biological diversity. 
E)  They determine the clear distinction between biological and cultural forces acting through human history. 
A)  They give anthropology some credibility as a scientific field. 
B)  They provide the key to understanding the rate of environmental change throughout human history. 
C)  They define humans' position at the top of the hierarchy of biological diversity. 
D)  They help anthropologists document and explain human biological diversity. 
E)  They determine the clear distinction between biological and cultural forces acting through human history.

Question 4

Mutations are the most important source of variety on which natural selection depends and operates.There are two forms of mutations,

Accepted Answer

A)  both discovered by Mendel. 
B)  cancer-causing mutations and chromosomal rearrangement. 
C)  and both occur only during the development of an individual. 
D)  called base substitution mutation and chromosomal rearrangement. 
E)  and both always result in phenotypic change. 
A)  both discovered by Mendel. 
B)  cancer-causing mutations and chromosomal rearrangement. 
C)  and both occur only during the development of an individual. 
D)  called base substitution mutation and chromosomal rearrangement. 
E)  and both always result in phenotypic change.

Question 5

Although Darwin became the best-known evolutionist,the idea of evolution had been around well before him.Darwin's key contribution was to propose a mechanism that drives evolution,which is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  catastrophism. 
B)  mutation. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  creationism. 
E)  lamarckianism. 
A)  catastrophism. 
B)  mutation. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  creationism. 
E)  lamarckianism.

Question 6

Balanced polymorphism refers to two or more alleles of the same gene that maintain constant frequencies in a population from generation to generation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Darwin and Wallace simultaneously proposed which of the following theoretical models?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution 
B)  natural selection 
C)  creationism 
D)  uniformitarianism 
E)  transformism 
A)  evolution 
B)  natural selection 
C)  creationism 
D)  uniformitarianism 
E)  transformism

Question 8

Give an example of how punctuated equilibrium would work.

Accepted Answer

Punctuated equilibrium is a theory in ev

Question 9

Identify and discuss Charles Darwin's major contribution to the study of life forms.What was new about Darwin's views,and what had previously been proposed by others?

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin's major contribution to t

Question 10

Recessive traits are expressed only in homozygous individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Why is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution hard to distinguish?

Accepted Answer

The distinction between microevolution a

Question 12

One of Gregor Mendel's contributions to genetics was his discovery that traits are inherited as discrete units.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is the process by which sex cells are produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection 
B)  recombination 
C)  mitosis 
D)  independent assortment 
E)  meiosis 
A)  directional selection 
B)  recombination 
C)  mitosis 
D)  independent assortment 
E)  meiosis

Question 14

Identify and discuss the genetic sources of variety on which natural selection may operate.

Accepted Answer

The genetic sources of variety on which

Question 15

Fixation due to random genetic drift is more rapid in

Accepted Answer

A)  blue-eyed persons. 
B)  small populations. 
C)  the punctuated equilibrium model of evolution. 
D)  the formation of a new species. 
E)  tropical environments. 
A)  blue-eyed persons. 
B)  small populations. 
C)  the punctuated equilibrium model of evolution. 
D)  the formation of a new species. 
E)  tropical environments.

Question 16

Human biology

Accepted Answer

A)  is no longer affected by evolutionary processes. 
B)  remains the best explanation for genetic evolution. 
C)  is all in the genes. 
D)  is 75 percent genotype and 25 percent phenotype. 
E)  is not set at birth but has considerable plasticity. 
A)  is no longer affected by evolutionary processes. 
B)  remains the best explanation for genetic evolution. 
C)  is all in the genes. 
D)  is 75 percent genotype and 25 percent phenotype. 
E)  is not set at birth but has considerable plasticity.

Question 17

What role do recombination and independent assortment play in evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  They work to limit the amount of variation in a population. 
B)  They increase the frequencies of deleterious genes. 
C)  They work to limit the number of potential phenotypes. 
D)  They act to create genetic variability in a breeding population. 
E)  They act to reduce the overall fitness of a breeding population. 
A)  They work to limit the amount of variation in a population. 
B)  They increase the frequencies of deleterious genes. 
C)  They work to limit the number of potential phenotypes. 
D)  They act to create genetic variability in a breeding population. 
E)  They act to reduce the overall fitness of a breeding population.

Question 18

DNA molecules

Accepted Answer

A)  were discovered in the decade after Darwin's death. 
B)  make up genes and chromosomes, which are basic hereditary units. 
C)  initiate and guide the construction of complex sugars. 
D)  are made up of three bases: adenine, cytosine, and factor. 
E)  are the messenger molecules of RNA. 
A)  were discovered in the decade after Darwin's death. 
B)  make up genes and chromosomes, which are basic hereditary units. 
C)  initiate and guide the construction of complex sugars. 
D)  are made up of three bases: adenine, cytosine, and factor. 
E)  are the messenger molecules of RNA.

Question 19

The inheritance of acquired characteristics is central to Darwin's theory of evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT seek to explain the origin of species by referring to an outside agent?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution 
B)  catastrophism 
C)  creationism 
D)  extraterrestrial seeding 
E)  intelligent design 
A)  evolution 
B)  catastrophism 
C)  creationism 
D)  extraterrestrial seeding 
E)  intelligent design

Exam 5: Evolution and Genetics

The example of the sickle-cell allele demonstrates a key aspect of evolution through natural selection,in that

The theory of creationism argues that all the species present today were created as natural selection selected the fittest individuals.

Why are genetics and evolution so important to anthropology?

Mutations are the most important source of variety on which natural selection depends and operates.There are two forms of mutations,

Although Darwin became the best-known evolutionist,the idea of evolution had been around well before him.Darwin's key contribution was to propose a mechanism that drives evolution,which is known as

Balanced polymorphism refers to two or more alleles of the same gene that maintain constant frequencies in a population from generation to generation.

Darwin and Wallace simultaneously proposed which of the following theoretical models?

Give an example of how punctuated equilibrium would work.

Identify and discuss Charles Darwin's major contribution to the study of life forms.What was new about Darwin's views,and what had previously been proposed by others?

Recessive traits are expressed only in homozygous individuals.

Why is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution hard to distinguish?

One of Gregor Mendel's contributions to genetics was his discovery that traits are inherited as discrete units.

What is the process by which sex cells are produced?

Identify and discuss the genetic sources of variety on which natural selection may operate.

Fixation due to random genetic drift is more rapid in

Human biology

What role do recombination and independent assortment play in evolution?

DNA molecules

The inheritance of acquired characteristics is central to Darwin's theory of evolution.

Which of the following does NOT seek to explain the origin of species by referring to an outside agent?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters