Question 1

Archaeological anthropologists excavate sites to gain a better understanding of the regional patterning of the molecular record.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

In what ways are physical anthropology and archaeology multidisciplinary? Why is this important to know?

Accepted Answer

Physical anthropology and archaeology are multidisciplinary in several ways. Firstly, they both draw on knowledge and methods from a variety of scientific fields such as biology, geology, chemistry, and physics. This allows researchers in these fields to approach their work from multiple angles and incorporate different types of evidence into their analyses.

Secondly, both physical anthropology and archaeology often collaborate with experts from other disciplines such as history, sociology, and cultural studies. This interdisciplinary approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of human evolution, behavior, and culture, as it takes into account a wide range of perspectives and expertise.

This multidisciplinary nature is important to know because it highlights the complexity and interconnectedness of human biological and cultural development. By drawing on diverse fields of study, physical anthropology and archaeology can provide a more nuanced and holistic understanding of human origins and diversity. Additionally, this approach can lead to more robust and reliable research findings, as it incorporates a broader range of evidence and perspectives.

Furthermore, the multidisciplinary nature of physical anthropology and archaeology encourages collaboration and exchange of ideas between different scientific and academic communities. This can lead to new discoveries, innovative research methods, and a deeper appreciation for the complexity of human history and biology.

In summary, the multidisciplinary nature of physical anthropology and archaeology is important to recognize because it enriches our understanding of human evolution and culture, fosters collaboration and innovation, and ultimately leads to more comprehensive and reliable research outcomes.

Question 3

The legal and scientific debates that arose after the discovery in 1996 of a skeleton dubbed Kennewick Man illustrates all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  that sometimes questions of ownership of and access to physical and archaeological remains place anthropologists and indigenous people in opposing camps. 
B)  the ineffectiveness of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which has no real legal or political recognition. 
C)  the often complicated ethical implications of unearthing human remains and attempting to reconstruct their physical and cultural identities. 
D)  the fact that not everyone appreciates anthropology all the time. 
E)  that scientific knowledge is not politically or culturally neutral. 
A)  that sometimes questions of ownership of and access to physical and archaeological remains place anthropologists and indigenous people in opposing camps. 
B)  the ineffectiveness of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which has no real legal or political recognition. 
C)  the often complicated ethical implications of unearthing human remains and attempting to reconstruct their physical and cultural identities. 
D)  the fact that not everyone appreciates anthropology all the time. 
E)  that scientific knowledge is not politically or culturally neutral. B

Question 4

The specialist among a team of scientists at an excavation site who focuses on the study of ancient plants through pollen samples taken from the site is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A)  paleopathologist. 
B)  palynologist. 
C)  phytologist. 
D)  pollenologist. 
E)  paleontologist. 
A)  paleopathologist. 
B)  palynologist. 
C)  phytologist. 
D)  pollenologist. 
E)  paleontologist.

Question 5

How are fossils formed? Where are they found? How representative is the fossil record?

Accepted Answer

Fossils are formed through a process cal

Question 6

Remote sensing refers to carrying out excavations in distant locations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Flotation is a technique used by archaeologists to recover very small remains from an excavation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Palynology is the study of ancient animals through fossil remains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the fields of study mentioned in the textbook as part of the multidisciplinary approaches used in physical anthropology and archaeology?

Accepted Answer

A)  remote sensing 
B)  metaphysics 
C)  genetics 
D)  paleontology 
E)  palynology 
A)  remote sensing 
B)  metaphysics 
C)  genetics 
D)  paleontology 
E)  palynology

Question 10

The utility of stratigraphy for dating purposes is based on the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  all environmental forces leave behind the same kind of soil deposit. 
B)  the depth and order of undisturbed soil strata reflect the age of their deposition. 
C)  higher strata are usually older than lower strata in undisturbed soil. 
D)  soil strata are uncluttered by bones, stones, and artifacts. 
E)  once in the soil, there are very few things that can damage or disturb bones. 
A)  all environmental forces leave behind the same kind of soil deposit. 
B)  the depth and order of undisturbed soil strata reflect the age of their deposition. 
C)  higher strata are usually older than lower strata in undisturbed soil. 
D)  soil strata are uncluttered by bones, stones, and artifacts. 
E)  once in the soil, there are very few things that can damage or disturb bones.

Question 11

What are the different kinds of archaeology?

Accepted Answer

Archaeology is the study of human histor

Question 12

Which excavation technique provides more information about the context of the artifacts,fossils,or features discovered?

Accepted Answer

A)  removing the soil in consistent amounts 
B)  surface collection and mapping 
C)  excavating multiple test pits 
D)  screening and floating 
E)  digging through the strata one layer at a time 
A)  removing the soil in consistent amounts 
B)  surface collection and mapping 
C)  excavating multiple test pits 
D)  screening and floating 
E)  digging through the strata one layer at a time

Question 13

Molecular anthropology

Accepted Answer

A)  uses microscopic phytolithic analysis to study molecular evolution. 
B)  uses genetic analysis of a DNA sequence to assess evolutionary links. 
C)  is the specialty of the most important member of an archaeological excavation project. 
D)  uses archaeological survey techniques to gather its data. 
E)  studies early hominins through fossil remains. 
A)  uses microscopic phytolithic analysis to study molecular evolution. 
B)  uses genetic analysis of a DNA sequence to assess evolutionary links. 
C)  is the specialty of the most important member of an archaeological excavation project. 
D)  uses archaeological survey techniques to gather its data. 
E)  studies early hominins through fossil remains.

Question 14

Which of the following researchers would most likely NOT be part of a paleoanthropological research team?

Accepted Answer

A)  geologist 
B)  palynologist 
C)  paleoecologist 
D)  chemist 
E)  psychotherapist 
A)  geologist 
B)  palynologist 
C)  paleoecologist 
D)  chemist 
E)  psychotherapist

Question 15

All of the following are true about the work of paleoanthropologists EXCEPT that they

Accepted Answer

A)  study human evolution through the fossil record. 
B)  do not have to worry about ethical and legal concerns, because they are dealing with the remains of dead humans. 
C)  often work in a team with archaeologists. 
D)  often work in another country (in the case of U.S. paleoanthropologists) and are required by the American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics to establish truly collaborative relations with colleagues in that country. 
E)  try to infer the relation between the physical and cultural features of the remains they are examining. 
A)  study human evolution through the fossil record. 
B)  do not have to worry about ethical and legal concerns, because they are dealing with the remains of dead humans. 
C)  often work in a team with archaeologists. 
D)  often work in another country (in the case of U.S. paleoanthropologists) and are required by the American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics to establish truly collaborative relations with colleagues in that country. 
E)  try to infer the relation between the physical and cultural features of the remains they are examining.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about techniques used in dating fossil remains is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The potassium-argon technique is used to date inorganic substances such as rock. 
B)  Carbon-14 techniques are used to date organic material. 
C)  Potassium-argon dating is most accurate on specimens over 500,000 years old. 
D)  Carbon-14 dating is most accurate on specimens more than 70,000 years old. 
E)  Electron spin resonance is used to date rocks and minerals between 1,000 and 1,000,000 years old. 
A)  The potassium-argon technique is used to date inorganic substances such as rock. 
B)  Carbon-14 techniques are used to date organic material. 
C)  Potassium-argon dating is most accurate on specimens over 500,000 years old. 
D)  Carbon-14 dating is most accurate on specimens more than 70,000 years old. 
E)  Electron spin resonance is used to date rocks and minerals between 1,000 and 1,000,000 years old.

Question 17

What kind of dating technique is fluorine absorption analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute 
B)  relative 
C)  radiometric 
D)  chronologic 
E)  radioactive 
A)  absolute 
B)  relative 
C)  radiometric 
D)  chronologic 
E)  radioactive

Question 18

The American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics is applicable only to research being conducted in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Digging according to arbitrary levels is quicker but less refined than digging according to the site's stratigraphy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In an example of how microscopic evidence in studying the past can yield surprising results that may overturn long-held assumptions,Williamson's analysis of microscopic residues stuck to the edges of cutting tools found at a cave site in South Africa revealed that

Accepted Answer

A)  50 percent of the residues were from plants, contradicting the prevailing assumption that such tools were used mainly to hunt and butcher animals. 
B)  all of the residues were from butchered animals, but most of the butchering had been performed by women and not by men. 
C)  30 percent of the residues were from plants, suggesting a slow transition from vegetarian to carnivorous diets. 
D)  50 percent of the residues were from domesticated plants, pushing back the date of plant domestication from 10,000 to 40,000 years ago. 
E)  30 percent of the residues were from human flesh, suggesting cannibalism. 
A)  50 percent of the residues were from plants, contradicting the prevailing assumption that such tools were used mainly to hunt and butcher animals. 
B)  all of the residues were from butchered animals, but most of the butchering had been performed by women and not by men. 
C)  30 percent of the residues were from plants, suggesting a slow transition from vegetarian to carnivorous diets. 
D)  50 percent of the residues were from domesticated plants, pushing back the date of plant domestication from 10,000 to 40,000 years ago. 
E)  30 percent of the residues were from human flesh, suggesting cannibalism.

Exam 4: Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Archaeological anthropologists excavate sites to gain a better understanding of the regional patterning of the molecular record.

In what ways are physical anthropology and archaeology multidisciplinary? Why is this important to know?

The legal and scientific debates that arose after the discovery in 1996 of a skeleton dubbed Kennewick Man illustrates all of the following EXCEPT

The specialist among a team of scientists at an excavation site who focuses on the study of ancient plants through pollen samples taken from the site is most likely a

How are fossils formed? Where are they found? How representative is the fossil record?

Remote sensing refers to carrying out excavations in distant locations.

Flotation is a technique used by archaeologists to recover very small remains from an excavation.

Palynology is the study of ancient animals through fossil remains.

Which of the following is NOT one of the fields of study mentioned in the textbook as part of the multidisciplinary approaches used in physical anthropology and archaeology?

The utility of stratigraphy for dating purposes is based on the fact that

What are the different kinds of archaeology?

Which excavation technique provides more information about the context of the artifacts,fossils,or features discovered?

Molecular anthropology

Which of the following researchers would most likely NOT be part of a paleoanthropological research team?

All of the following are true about the work of paleoanthropologists EXCEPT that they

Which of the following statements about techniques used in dating fossil remains is NOT true?

What kind of dating technique is fluorine absorption analysis?

The American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics is applicable only to research being conducted in the United States.

Digging according to arbitrary levels is quicker but less refined than digging according to the site's stratigraphy.

In an example of how microscopic evidence in studying the past can yield surprising results that may overturn long-held assumptions,Williamson's analysis of microscopic residues stuck to the edges of cutting tools found at a cave site in South Africa revealed that

What Is Anthropology

Culture

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Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

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Early Hominins

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Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

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Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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