Question 1

Which of the following does NOT occur in moving along the cultivation continuum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Population density increases. 
B)  Societies become more egalitarian. 
C)  Village size increases. 
D)  Villages are located closer together. 
E)  Land is used more intensively. 
A)  Population density increases. 
B)  Societies become more egalitarian. 
C)  Village size increases. 
D)  Villages are located closer together. 
E)  Land is used more intensively.

Question 2

In transhumant societies,the entire group moves with their animals throughout the year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following was a characteristic shared by recent foraging communities?

Accepted Answer

A)  They fished a great deal. 
B)  They relied on welfare supplied by state-level societies. 
C)  They spoke simplified languages. 
D)  They lived in marginal environments that were of little interest to food-producing societies. 
E)  They devolved to foraging from a more advanced level of subsistence. 
A)  They fished a great deal. 
B)  They relied on welfare supplied by state-level societies. 
C)  They spoke simplified languages. 
D)  They lived in marginal environments that were of little interest to food-producing societies. 
E)  They devolved to foraging from a more advanced level of subsistence.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of band-organized societies?

Accepted Answer

A)  an egalitarian social structure 
B)  all related by kinship or marriage 
C)  fewer than 100 people 
D)  permanent villages 
E)  minor contrasts in prestige 
A)  an egalitarian social structure 
B)  all related by kinship or marriage 
C)  fewer than 100 people 
D)  permanent villages 
E)  minor contrasts in prestige

Question 5

In most foraging societies,private ownership of bounded land has been almost nonexistent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

How does economic anthropology differ from classical economics? In what ways can economic anthropology serve as a safeguard against ethnocentrism?

Accepted Answer

Economic anthropology and classical econ

Question 7

Which of the following economic principles is generally dominant in industrial society?

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized exchange 
B)  the market principle 
C)  redistribution 
D)  negative reciprocity 
E)  balanced reciprocity 
A)  generalized exchange 
B)  the market principle 
C)  redistribution 
D)  negative reciprocity 
E)  balanced reciprocity

Question 8

Anthropological analysis of potlatching contradicts the classic economics assumption that individuals are,by nature,profit maximizers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Most contemporary foragers live in remote areas,completely cut off from contact with other modern,agricultural,and industrial communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Agriculturalists tend to live in permanent villages that are larger and closer to other settlements than the semipermanent settlements of horticulturalists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the means,or factors,of production?

Accepted Answer

A)  synonyms of a society's mode of production 
B)  a society's institutional mechanisms for making sure that everyone is productive 
C)  the ways a society organizes production 
D)  labor forces organized by kinship ties 
E)  a society's major productive resources, such as land and other natural resources, labor, technology, and capital 
A)  synonyms of a society's mode of production 
B)  a society's institutional mechanisms for making sure that everyone is productive 
C)  the ways a society organizes production 
D)  labor forces organized by kinship ties 
E)  a society's major productive resources, such as land and other natural resources, labor, technology, and capital

Question 12

A horticultural system of cultivation is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  intensive use of land and human labor. 
B)  the use of irrigation and terracing. 
C)  developing almost exclusively in arid areas. 
D)  lack of proper knowledge about plant domestication. 
E)  periodic cycles of cultivation and fallowing. 
A)  intensive use of land and human labor. 
B)  the use of irrigation and terracing. 
C)  developing almost exclusively in arid areas. 
D)  lack of proper knowledge about plant domestication. 
E)  periodic cycles of cultivation and fallowing.

Question 13

Potlatching is a form of competitive feasting that enables individuals to redistribute surplus materials while simultaneously increasing their own prestige.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Pastoralists are specialized herders whose subsistence strategies are focused on domesticated animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Anthropologists often say that in nonindustrial societies,economic relationships are embedded in social relationships.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

This means that in nonindustrial societi

Question 16

Although agriculture is much more productive per acre than horticulture,horticulture is more reliable and dependable in the long run.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Intensive agriculture

Accepted Answer

A)  has a significant impact on the environment, but this impact is very localized and can be controlled. 
B)  can actually breed greater ecological diversity. 
C)  is not ecologically destructive when it is done with fuel-efficient machinery. 
D)  has significant environmental effects such as deforestation, water pollution, and reduction of ecological diversity. 
E)  is an ecological improvement over sectorial fallowing. 
A)  has a significant impact on the environment, but this impact is very localized and can be controlled. 
B)  can actually breed greater ecological diversity. 
C)  is not ecologically destructive when it is done with fuel-efficient machinery. 
D)  has significant environmental effects such as deforestation, water pollution, and reduction of ecological diversity. 
E)  is an ecological improvement over sectorial fallowing.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about peasants is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They all live in state-organized societies. 
B)  They owe rent to landlords. 
C)  They practice small-scale agriculture without modern technology such as chemical fertilizers and tractors. 
D)  They owe rent to the government. 
E)  They are not part of the world market. 
A)  They all live in state-organized societies. 
B)  They owe rent to landlords. 
C)  They practice small-scale agriculture without modern technology such as chemical fertilizers and tractors. 
D)  They owe rent to the government. 
E)  They are not part of the world market.

Question 19

What happens as one moves along the cultivation continuum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ceremonies and rituals become less formal. 
B)  More time for leisurely pursuits becomes available. 
C)  The use of land and labor intensifies. 
D)  There is a heavier reliance on swidden cultivation. 
E)  The use of communal cooking houses becomes more common. 
A)  Ceremonies and rituals become less formal. 
B)  More time for leisurely pursuits becomes available. 
C)  The use of land and labor intensifies. 
D)  There is a heavier reliance on swidden cultivation. 
E)  The use of communal cooking houses becomes more common.

Question 20

How are nonindustrial economic systems embedded in society?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are not aware that they are working toward a goal. 
B)  The economic system has little to do with the everyday life of the people. 
C)  The economic system cannot easily be separated from other systems, such as kinship. 
D)  Most nonindustrial economies are managed systems. 
E)  Most economic activity takes place far from home. 
A)  People are not aware that they are working toward a goal. 
B)  The economic system has little to do with the everyday life of the people. 
C)  The economic system cannot easily be separated from other systems, such as kinship. 
D)  Most nonindustrial economies are managed systems. 
E)  Most economic activity takes place far from home.

Exam 16: Making a Living

Which of the following does NOT occur in moving along the cultivation continuum?

In transhumant societies,the entire group moves with their animals throughout the year.

Which of the following was a characteristic shared by recent foraging communities?

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of band-organized societies?

In most foraging societies,private ownership of bounded land has been almost nonexistent.

How does economic anthropology differ from classical economics? In what ways can economic anthropology serve as a safeguard against ethnocentrism?

Which of the following economic principles is generally dominant in industrial society?

Anthropological analysis of potlatching contradicts the classic economics assumption that individuals are,by nature,profit maximizers.

Most contemporary foragers live in remote areas,completely cut off from contact with other modern,agricultural,and industrial communities.

Agriculturalists tend to live in permanent villages that are larger and closer to other settlements than the semipermanent settlements of horticulturalists.

What are the means,or factors,of production?

A horticultural system of cultivation is characterized by

Potlatching is a form of competitive feasting that enables individuals to redistribute surplus materials while simultaneously increasing their own prestige.

Pastoralists are specialized herders whose subsistence strategies are focused on domesticated animals.

Anthropologists often say that in nonindustrial societies,economic relationships are embedded in social relationships.What does this mean?

Although agriculture is much more productive per acre than horticulture,horticulture is more reliable and dependable in the long run.

Intensive agriculture

Which of the following statements about peasants is NOT true?

What happens as one moves along the cultivation continuum?

How are nonindustrial economic systems embedded in society?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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